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1、東北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文道光朝兩次漕糧海運(yùn)姓名:穆萬(wàn)娟申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專(zhuān)業(yè):中國(guó)近現(xiàn)代史指導(dǎo)教師:胡赤軍20090501AbstractCaoYuniSauniquewaterformsinChina,itiSmuchmoreperfectthanbeforeatbeginningofQingDynastyDuringJiaQing(17961820)andDaoGuang(18201850)periods,CaoYunisthecr
2、isis,especiallyinDaoGuangperiods,CaoYunshouldandmustbereformed,tansportingbyseaboatsisbecomingthecenterofreform,therearetwotimesinallduringtheDaoGuangPeriodInthe6myearofDaoGuangperiod(1826),thefirstCaoyunwastransportedby
3、seaboatsThederectreasonwasthatGaoJiaYanembankmentoutbursted,whichledtoshallowoftheCanalItwasadifficultproblemtosavethissituation,SODaoGuangEmperororderedministerstodiscusseditTherearetwodifferentopinionsOnewayisHeYunPais
4、upportedbySunYuting。WeiYuanyuandSOontheotherwayisHaiYunPaisupportedbyYingHeQiShanTaoShuandothersThetwosidesbothinsistedtheiropinionsandpractisedsuccessivelyThefirstwaycostedlotsofmoneyandbankrupt,whichsteadfastedDaoGuang
5、EmperortriedtotransportbyseaboatsFinallyitworkedsuccesslyinfiveareasinJiangSuProvinceInthe6myearofDaoGuangperiod,tansportingbyseaboatswasstoppedbecauseofcancal’SrecoveryInthe28myearofDaoGuangperiod(1848),Itappearedfoodsu
6、pplycrisisincapital,threearesofJiangSuProvinceweretransportedbyseaboats,inordertosaveexpendituresandenrichcapitalstorage,thediscussingisshorterthanbeforebecauseofDaoGuangEmperor’SinsistenceTherewereSOmanyproblems,suchass
7、tartingwaslaterthanplanningcausedbyQingPuAffairs,thenncounteredbanditry,SeachedinTianJinlatelyDaoGuangPeriodstoppedtransportingCaoLiangbyseaboats,thesecondtransportedwasstoppedtooCaoLliangwastransportedbyseaboatsbecauseo
8、fdifferentreasons:Inthe6‘“yearofDaoGuangperiodcausedbynaturalreasons,Inthe28myearofDaoGuangperiodcausedbysocialreasons,butthedeepreasonisstillCaoYunSystem’sCrisisTheendingofCaoLiangbyseaboatswereeffectedbymanyreasons:Dao
9、GuangEmperorlackedofreformcourage,HeYunPaistilltriedtoobstruct,StartupofseaboatsWasdifferent,allofthesedecideditsdestinyitwillbebecomingthechieftransportationformsbyitsobvioussuperiorityKeywords:DaoGuang;CaoLiang;seaboat
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