主題公園外文翻譯--主題公園夢之基石并不牢固

1、<p><b>　　中文2098字</b></p><p>　　Theme park dreams are built on sand</p><p>　　BYLINE: David Eimer</p><p>　　Theme park dreams are built on sand</p><p>　　B

2、YLINE: David Eimer SECTION: NEWS; Observer; South China Morning Post</p><p>　　January 24, 2009 Saturday</p><p>　　Netize

3、ns on the mainland have been up in arms over the plan by Maanshan to rebrand itself as China's "City of Bathing". Maanshan's officials decided in December that they could turn the city, in Anhui provinc

4、e , into a tourist destination by touting the delights of its many bathhouses - as if Maanshan was one of the English spa towns founded by the Romans, instead of the steel manufacturing hub it actually is.</p><

5、;p>　　Unfortunately for Maanshan, most netizens associate bathhouses with prostitution, not with ancient Rome, and the plan collapsed in the wake of their protests. But it's no surprise that Maanshan's official

6、s wanted to attract tourists to the city, given that almost every conurbation on the mainland that's bigger than a village now seems to think its economic future can be secured through tourism.</p><p>　　

7、At least Maanshan already had its tourist infrastructure - the bathhouses - in place. Many of the towns and cities that are pinning their hopes on becoming the next Lijiang or Pingyao believe that getting people to visit

8、 requires them to build a theme park, no matter how bizarre the subject or how expensive it is. If dinosaur fossils have been found nearby, as in Lufeng , in Yunnan province , then a dinosaur theme park is in order. Bruc

9、e Lee's ancestors were from Shunde , in Guangdong, so of cou</p><p>　　There are now well over 2,000 theme parks on the mainland, nearly all built in the last decade and most funded, either wholly or part

10、ially, by public money. Now, officials have confirmed the long-standing rumours that Shanghai will be the site of the next Disneyland. Not to be outdone, tiny Baise in Guangxi province announced soon after that it will b

11、uild a theme park to mark the 80th anniversary of the Baise rebellion, during which Deng Xiaoping earned his spurs as a revolutionary leader.</p><p>　　Baise officials were staying silent on the total cost of

12、 their theme park, although Beijing has already pledged 20 million yuan ($22HK.7 million) to the project, but the Shanghai Disneyland will cost an eye-popping $3US.5 billion. Despite that, the news that Mickey Mouse will

13、 be taking up permanent residence in the mainland's second city has been hailed by locals, officials and economists. Everyone, it seems, is convinced that Disneyland will be the panacea for the ills of the economic s

14、lowdown.</p><p>　　But, just as the Hong Kong Disneyland has had far less of an impact on the city's economy than anticipated, Shanghai may find that their theme park will not bring in the extra tourists

15、needed to justify its cost. As for Baise's revolution-themed attraction, it seems set to join such white elephants as Nanjing's cartoon and animation park and Beijing's Egyptian theme park.</p><p&g

16、t;　　Even the mainland's world-famous tourist destinations are struggling. Last year, Xian attracted almost 20 per cent fewer domestic and foreign visitors than officials expected. And, five months after the Olympics,

17、 Beijing's "Bird Nest" National Stadium is seeing a dwindling number of people prepared to pay 50 yuan to get their photo taken on the running track.</p><p>　　The craze for theme parks is sympt

18、omatic of the way the central government believes that economic growth can be sustained by massive public investment. Just as Beijing is preparing to spend its way out of the current recession by pumping 4 trillion yuan

19、into infrastructure, so local officials like those in Baise see a theme park as a way to solve the problems of an area where most people earn less than 3,000 yuan a year.</p><p>　　Such short-term fixes are n

20、o substitute for jobs that won't come to an end when the railways lines have been laid, or which don't depend on tourism. The funds would be better spent on improving public access to education. Creating prosperi

21、ty, or the chance of it, requires something more substantial than a theme park ride.</p><p>　　What is a theme park?Amusement park or theme park is the generic term for a collection of rides and other enterta

22、inment attractions assembled for the purpose of entertaining a large group of people. An amusement park is more elaborate than a simple city park or playground, usually providing attractions meant to cater to adults, tee

23、nagers, and small children. A theme park is a type of amusement park which has been built around one or more themes, such as an American West theme, or Atlantis. Today</p><p>　　Amusement parks evolved in Eur

24、ope from fairs and pleasure gardens which were created for people’s recreation. The oldest amusement park of the world (opened 1583) is Bakken, at Klampenborg, north of Copenhagen, Denmark. In the United States, world

25、9;s fairs and expositions were another influence on development of the amusement park industry.</p><p>　　Most amusement parks have a fixed location, as compared to traveling funfairs and carnivals. These tem

26、porary types of amusement parks, are usually present for a few days or weeks per year, such as funfairs in the United Kingdom, and carnivals (temporarily set up in a vacant lot or parking lots) and fairs (temporarily ope

27、rated in a fair ground) in the United States. The temporary nature of these fairs helps to convey the feeling that people are in a different place or time.</p><p>　　Often a theme park will have various '

28、lands' (sections) of the park devoted to telling a particular story. Non-theme amusement park rides will usually have little in terms of theming or additional design elements while in a theme park all the rides go al

29、l with the theme of the park, for example Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World.</p><p>　　Modern amusement parks now run differently than those of years past. Amusement parks are usually owned by a large corpor

30、ate conglomerate which allows capital investment unknown by the traditional family-owned parks. Starting with Disneyland in the 1950s, the park experience became part of a larger package, reflected in a television show,

31、movies, lunch boxes, action figures and finally park rides and costumed characters that make up the "theme." These parks offer a world with no violence or socia</p><p>　　Today, central Florida and

32、most notably Orlando boasts more theme parks than any other worldwide destination. The northeastern USA region, most notably Pennsylvania, is now a hotbed of traditional surviving amusement parks. </p><p>　　

33、Amusement parks collect much of their revenue from admission fees paid by guests attending the park. Other revenue sources include parking fees, food and beverage sales and souvenirs.Practically all amusement parks opera

34、te using one of two admission principles: Pay-as-you-go and Pay-one-price。The advantages of pay-as-you-go include：guests pay for only what they choose to experience .Attraction costs can be changed easily to encourage us

35、e or capitalize on popularity. The disadvantages of pay-as-y</p><p><b>　　翻譯：</b></p><p>　　主題公園夢之基石并不牢固</p><p>　　大陸的網(wǎng)民竭力反對重新命名馬鞍山成為中國的“洗浴之城” 。馬鞍山市的官員12月決定把安徽省馬鞍山市作為可以提供許多

36、浴室的旅游目的地進行宣傳。就好像馬鞍山是一個英國SPA小鎮(zhèn)，而不是它一貫以來作為鋼鐵制造中心而聞名全國。</p><p>　　不幸的是，在馬鞍山，大多數(shù)網(wǎng)民將浴室和紅燈區(qū)聯(lián)系起來，所以這個提議在大家一片反對聲中消亡了。但是，毫無疑問，馬鞍山市的官員希望以此吸引游客前來旅游。因為現(xiàn)在中國大陸的很多鄉(xiāng)村都認為未來的經(jīng)濟可以依靠旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。</p><p>　　至少馬鞍山的旅游基礎設施—浴室，

37、已經(jīng)到位了。而許多城市鄉(xiāng)村則認為認為要成為下一個麗江古城或者平遙古城，就應該建設大型的主題公園來吸引游客。無論這個主題是多么離奇，或者建設的投入是多么龐大。就好像在云南陸豐市，有恐龍化石被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，那就開始建設恐龍主題公園。李小龍的祖先來自廣東順德，那這個城市就理所當然地開始建設李小龍主題公園。</p><p>　　在過去的十年里，中國大陸建設了超過2000個主題公園。大多數(shù)投入的資金要么是完全要么部分來自社會公共

38、財富。如今，官方證實了一個長期的傳言—就是上海將建設迪斯尼樂園。而城市小如廣西百色也在此后不久宣布要建立一個主題公園以紀念建黨80周年。鄧小平曾在百色起義中確立了其領導地位。</p><p>　　雖然中央已經(jīng)為這個項目下?lián)芰?000萬人民幣，但百色的地方政府依然對建設主題公園總的投入保持沉默。而上海迪斯尼樂園將耗資30億美元。盡管如此，米老鼠將入駐中國第二大城市上海這一消息令老百姓、官員及經(jīng)濟學家都歡欣鼓舞。每個

39、人似乎都相信迪斯尼樂園將是金融危機下醫(yī)治經(jīng)濟萎縮的一劑強心針。</p><p>　　但是，正如香港迪士尼樂園并沒有像預期的那樣給城市經(jīng)濟帶來如此大的影響一樣，上海會可能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的主題公園并不能吸引更多的游人來抵消它的投入成本。至于百色的革命主題公園，將會引入白象來增加旅游吸引力，就好像效仿南京的漫畫和動畫主題公園以及北京的埃及主題公園。</p><p>　　即使是大陸世界聞名的景點也在努力

40、掙扎。去年，西安的國內(nèi)外游客人數(shù)比預期減少了20%。奧運會結束的5個月后，在北京鳥巢國家體育館，愿意付50元進入體育館在跑道上拍照的游客也在減少。</p><p>　　之所以那么多城市熱衷于建設主題公園，是因為中央政府認為，大規(guī)模的公共投資會拉動經(jīng)濟的增長。就像中央政府為擺脫目前的經(jīng)濟衰退而花四萬億來投入公共基礎建設。所以這使得地方政府如百色把投資建設主題公園看做是致富的一條捷徑。在這些地區(qū)，大多人一年也沒有30

41、00元的收入。</p><p>　　這些短時期的修復是無法取代長期的經(jīng)濟建設的。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展并不能僅僅依靠旅游業(yè)。這些投入資金應該被投入到提高教育水平上。要建設繁榮，需要一些比建設主題公園更有實質(zhì)性的策略方法。</p><p>　　什么是主題公園？主題公園就是就是擁有大型游樂設施和其他娛樂景點為了滿足游人游玩需要而設立的游樂場所。游樂園比較簡單，就是一個游樂場，通常提供旅游景點，以滿足成人、青

42、少年和兒童。而主題公園是圍繞著一個或多個主題設立的游樂園。諸如美國西部主題公園，亞特蘭蒂斯主題公園。今天，游樂園和主題公園這一詞條往往交替使用。</p><p>　　主題公園起源于歐洲，是從公園發(fā)展而來。就古老的游樂園是1583年建立于丹麥哥本哈根北部的Klampenborg。而在美國，世界博覽會是影響游樂園業(yè)發(fā)展的另一因素。</p><p>　　相比較于嘉年華，大多數(shù)主題公園有一個固定的

43、位置。臨時類型的嘉年華之類的游樂園通常為幾天或者幾周。就好像英國的狂歡節(jié)，美國的嘉年華和博覽會。</p><p>　　狂歡節(jié)的臨時性可以傳達人們在不同時間或地方的感覺。</p><p>　　一般來說，主題公園往往會有很多部分來講述同一個主題故事。非主題公園往往不會在游樂設施上加入主題元素。而主題公園內(nèi)所有的游樂設施都是全力以赴為主題服務的，比如迪斯尼樂園的魔法王國。</p>

44、<p>　　現(xiàn)代主題公園的運行已經(jīng)不同于過去。游樂園通常擁有大型企業(yè)集團的資本投資。而非對此一無所知的傳統(tǒng)家族企業(yè)。從迪士尼樂園1950年建立開始，這個主題公園已經(jīng)成為了一個更大的集合，表現(xiàn)在其涉足電視節(jié)目、電影、飯盒、</p><p>　　玩具人偶、服裝等等，這一切都構成了所謂的“主題”。</p><p>　　這些主題公園提供了一個沒有暴力和社會問題的純凈世界。驚險刺激的主題公

45、園在高高的柵欄之內(nèi)，往往給人逃避世俗的感覺。這些公園永遠是那么干凈、那么新奇。新奇性和刺激性是吸引游客再次前來的法寶。除此之外，主題公園常常設立一個主題或者分成幾個明顯的主題區(qū)、領地或者“空間”。大型的度假勝地，如美國佛羅里達州的迪士尼樂園，事實上就是因為其地域的局限性而建設了幾個主題景點。</p><p>　　今天，佛羅里達州中部和奧蘭多擁有比世界其他旅游目的地更多的主題公園。美國東北部地區(qū)的賓夕法尼亞州，現(xiàn)在

46、有很多的傳統(tǒng)生存娛樂主題公園。</p><p>　　主題公園的收入大部分來自游客所付的門票。其他的收入來源則有停車費和銷售食品飲料紀念品的收入。幾乎所有的主題公園會采取以下兩種門票收取方式中的一種：單獨收費制和一票制。單獨收費制的優(yōu)點是客人只需要付他們選擇的游樂項目就可以了，而且景點的收費可以很容易根據(jù)受歡迎程度變價。但缺點就是客人會對總是要掏錢產(chǎn)生厭倦，他們也不一定會購買食品或者紀念品。相反，一票制的優(yōu)點是客人