倉儲畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯

1、<p>　　Warehousing</p><p>　　This chapter presents a description of a small, fictitious warehouse that distributes office supplies and some office furniture to small retail stores and individual mail-orde

2、r customers. The facility was purchased from another company, and it is larger than required for the immediate operation. The operation, currently housed in an older facility, will move in a few months. The owners forese

3、e substantial growth in their high-quality product lines, so the extra space will accommodate the growth </p><p>　　The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the reader to the operations of warehouses. Basi

4、c function sare described, typical equipment types are illustrated, and operations within departments are presented in some detail so that the reader can understand the relationships among products, orders, order lines,

5、storage space, and labor requirements. Storage assignment and retrieval strategies are briefly discussed.</p><p>　　Evaluation of the planned operation includes turnover, performance, and cost analyses. Addit

6、ional information can be found in other chapters of this volume and in the reference material.</p><p>　　Role of the Warehouse in the Supply Chain</p><p>　　Warehouses can serve different roles wi

7、thin the larger organization. For example, a stock room serving a manufacturing facility must provide a fast response time. The major activities would be piece (item)picking, carton picking, and preparation of assembly k

8、its (kitting). A mail-order retailer usually must provide a great variety of products in small quantities at low cost to many customers. A factory warehouse usually handles a limited number of products in large quantitie

9、s. A large, discount </p><p>　　to its retailers and independent customers.</p><p>　　The purpose of the warehouse is to provide the utility of time and place to its customers, both retail in the

10、quantities requested by small retailers and individual customers. Production schedules often result in long runs and large lot sizes. Thus, manufacturers usually are not able to meet the delivery dates of small retailers

11、 and individuals. The warehouse bridges the gap and enables both parties, manufacturer and customer, to operate within their own spheres.</p><p>　　Product and Order Descriptions</p><p>　　Product

12、 Descriptions</p><p>　　The products handled include paper products, pens, staplers, small storage units, other desktop products, electronic products are delivered directly from other distributors and not han

13、dled by the warehouse.</p><p>　　One would say that the warehouse handles relatively low-value products from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost. ships among these load types. Individuals usually request piec

14、es; retailers may also request pieces of slow movers, products that are not in high demand. Retailers usually request fast movers, products that are in high demand, in carton quantities. Bulky products like large desktop

15、 storage units may be in high enough demand so that they are sold by the warehouse in pallets. Furniture </p><p>　　Section The typical dimensions of a piece is 10 × 25 × 3.5 cm, with a typical volu

16、me of 0.875 liters. A carton has typical dimensions of 33 × 43 × 30 cm, with a typical volume of 42.6 liters. Thus, a typical carton contains 48.7 pieces. The typical dimension of a pallet is 80 × 120 

17、5; 140 cm, with the last dimension being and individual. Manufacturers of office supplies and furniture are usually not willing to supply products low-priced media like CD and DVD blanks, book and electronic titles, an&l

18、t;/p><p>　　2．Order Descriptions</p><p>　　There are two types of orders processed at the warehouse. Large orders are placed by the retailers who belong to the same corporation; these are delivered b

19、y less-than-truckload (LTL) carrier. Small orders are placed by individuals, and these are delivered by package courier service like United States Postal Service (USPS), United Parcel Service (UPS), and Federal Express (

20、Fed EX). Large orders contain more products and the quantity per product is greater than for small orders.</p><p>　　Pallet Pick Operations</p><p>　　Full pallet picking is done primarily in the f

21、loor storage area and occasionally in the pallet rack area. These pallets move directly to outbound staging. A forklift truck has the capacity to transport one pallet at a time. Travel within the pallet floor storage are

22、a follows the rectilinear distance metric (Francis et al. 1992).</p><p>　　Sorting, Packing, Staging, Shipping Operations</p><p>　　Pieces and cartons that are picked using batch picking must firs

23、t be sorted by order before further processing. The method of batch picking, described in the following, is designed to facilitate this process without requiring extensive conveyor equipment. In addition, all pieces mus

24、t be packed into over pack cartons, and these are then consolidated with regular (single product) cartons by order. Some cartons and over packs move to outbound staging for package courier services like USPS, UPS, an<

25、/p><p>　　Support Operations, Reware housing, Returns Processing</p><p>　　At irregular times, the warehouse staff must perform additional functions that are not part of the normal process. Whenever

26、a new store is being prepared for opening, a large quantity of product, for the full product line, must be picked and staged. There is a separate area set aside for this staging.</p><p>　　Occasionally, some

27、products need to be repackaged and/or labeled for retail stores. Th is value-added processing is performed between picking and packing. Returned merchandise must be inspected, possibly repackaged, and then returned to st

28、orage locations. The volume is not significant, and it is handled in the value-added area. Periodically, product locations must be changed to reflect changing demand. This reware housing is performed during slack periods

29、 so as not to require additional labor.</p><p>　　In addition, the warehouse contains an office for management and sales personnel, toilets for both staff and truck drivers, and a break room with space for ve

30、nding machines and dining. There is a battery charging room for the electric batteries used by forklifts and pallet jacks, and a small maintenance room.</p><p>　　Storage Department Descriptions and Operation

31、s</p><p>　　This section presents details on the individual storage departments and their operations. Here we determine the storage space requirements, and we describe the pick methods and obtain labor requir

32、ements.</p><p>　　Bin Shelving</p><p>　　Th e bin shelving area contains 1000 slow moving products that are picked as pieces. Th ey are housed in shelving units that are 40 cm deep, 180 cm high, a

33、nd 100 cm wide, for a cubic volume of 0.72 m3. Using a cubic space utilization factor of 0.6 to allow for clearances and mismatches of carton dimensions with the shelves, each shelving unit can accommodate on average 0.7

34、2 × 0.6/0.0426 = 10.14 cartons. If each product requires at most one carton, then we need 1000/10.14 = 98.6 or 99 shelving un</p><p>　　The small number of requests per order for slow moving products mak

35、es it appropriate to use a sort-while-pick (SWP) method for retrieval. An order picker uses a cart with multiple compartments to pick items for several orders on one trip past the shelves. The compartments items for diff

36、erent orders being mixed . Later, when the cart is moved to sorting, consolidation, and packing, there is actually little sorting work to do, but mainly consolidation and packing.</p><p>　　Warehouse Manageme

37、nt</p><p>　　The operation of the warehouse requires careful and constant management. The scanning of received products is just one example of the functions performed by the WMS. It is beyond the scope of thi

38、s chapter to present details of a typical WMS. However, some main features should be mentioned here.</p><p>　　The tracking of flows throughout the warehouse is one of the basic functions of a WMS. This can b

39、e done manually, but most facilities today use barcode scanners, and many use barcode scanners intedatabase. A typical WMS enables the functions listed below. These requirements are not inclusive, but only indicate the t

40、ypes of functions desired. Further details are in (Sharp, 2001).</p><p>　　The WMS should enable scheduling of personnel, including regular full-time employees and temporary and part-time employees. Tracking

41、of employee productivity is useful for training and workload balancing. Workload scheduling should be linked to forecast information, and the conversion of product volumes should be automatically translated to labor hour

42、s by function and employee productivity. out-of-stock conditions, process partial receipts, and quarantine products requiring inspection. It should</p><p><b>　　倉儲</b></p><p>　　本章提出了一

43、個描述一個小虛擬倉庫分發(fā)辦公用品和辦公家具的小零售商店和郵購客戶個人。工廠購買另一個公司，它是大于所需的直接操作。將在幾個月經(jīng)營，目前居住在老年設(shè)施。業(yè)主預(yù)見大幅增長，高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品線，因此額外的空間可容納的增長在未來幾年。描述了倉庫的計劃行動后進(jìn)入該設(shè)施。本章的目的是向讀者介紹業(yè)務(wù)的倉庫。基本函數(shù)描述，典型的設(shè)備類型的說明和業(yè)務(wù)部門提出的一些細(xì)節(jié)，使讀者能夠理解他們之間的關(guān)系，產(chǎn)品，訂單，訂單行，存儲空間，和勞動力需求。存儲分配和檢索策

44、略進(jìn)行了簡要討論。評價的行動計劃，包括離職，性能和成本分析。額外的信息中可以找到其他章節(jié)的這一數(shù)量和參考材料。</p><p>　　供應(yīng)鏈中的倉庫中的作用倉庫可以為不同的角色。例如，服務(wù)的制造設(shè)施，必須提供一個快速的響應(yīng)時間。主要活動將是一塊（項目）采摘，采摘紙箱，準(zhǔn)備組裝套件（物料配套）。郵購零售商通常必須提供低成本的許多客戶的小批量的產(chǎn)品種類繁多。通常一個工廠倉庫，處理了大量的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量有限。通常一個大型折扣連

45、鎖店潔具房子“推”一些產(chǎn)品，根據(jù)市場營銷活動及其零售商，被“拉”的商店經(jīng)理的其他產(chǎn)品。出貨經(jīng)常EN充分和半卡車。這里所描述的潔具房子是一個小，連鎖倉庫進(jìn)行的分配有限的產(chǎn)品線</p><p>　　零售商和獨立客戶。倉庫的目的是提供實用的時間和地點的客戶，無論是在小零售商和個人客戶要求的數(shù)量零售。在長距離和大批量的生產(chǎn)計劃往往導(dǎo)致。因此，制造商通常是不能夠滿足小型零售商和個人的交貨日期。倉庫彌補(bǔ)了差距，使雙方，制造商

46、和顧客，自己的領(lǐng)域內(nèi)運(yùn)作。產(chǎn)品及訂購說明、產(chǎn)品描述處理的產(chǎn)品，包括紙制品，筆，訂書機(jī)，小的存儲單元，其他的臺式機(jī)產(chǎn)品，電子產(chǎn)品是直接從其他分銷商提供，而不是由倉庫處理。一會說，倉庫處理相對低附加值的產(chǎn)品，從生產(chǎn)成本的角度。其中負(fù)載類型的船舶。個人通常要求件;零售商也可以要求件緩慢的推動者，是在高需求的產(chǎn)品。零售商通常要求快速的推動者，在紙箱數(shù)量，有很高的需求的產(chǎn)品。大件產(chǎn)品，如大型桌面存儲單元可能在足夠高的需求，使他們在托盤倉庫出售。家

47、具單位還銷往便于運(yùn)動在托盤在倉庫和送貨卡車。表12.1顯示了存儲和存儲位置需要的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量。后者的問題進(jìn)行了討論第3節(jié)。一塊典型的尺寸是10×25×3.5厘米，與典型的量為0.875升。一個紙箱尺寸33×43×30厘米的典型，與典型的體積為42.6升。因此，一個典型的紙箱中有48.7件。典型的托盤尺寸為80×120×140厘米，最后一維的</p><p>

48、　　低價的媒體，如CD和DVD，圖書和電子刊物，辦公家具。高價值的產(chǎn)品主要銷往件，紙箱，托盤上的倉庫。托盤基地是高約10厘米，因此，典型的產(chǎn)品體積為1.25立方米，相應(yīng)的29.3箱。允許叉車皮卡從四面托盤基地?？偨Y(jié)這些值。變化產(chǎn)品，當(dāng)然，有不同的尺寸和關(guān)系。轉(zhuǎn)換因素可以改變?nèi)Q于是否出售的產(chǎn)品主要集中在一塊，紙箱，托盤數(shù)量。這里，我們將不會采取進(jìn)一步的復(fù)雜性和使用這里確定的值存儲和勞動力的需求。訂購說明有兩種類型的訂單在倉庫處理。由零售

49、商屬于同一公司的大訂單都放在這些低于整車（零擔(dān)）承運(yùn)人交付。小訂單都放在個人，這些包裹美國郵政服務(wù)（USPS），美國聯(lián)合包裹服務(wù)公司（UPS），聯(lián)邦快遞（聯(lián)邦快遞）快遞服務(wù)交付。大訂單中含有較多的產(chǎn)品和每個產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量是大于小訂單。</p><p>　　2.4托盤拾取操作全托盤采摘完成，主要是在佛羅里達(dá)州OOR存儲區(qū)和偶爾在托盤貨架面積。這些托盤移動直接對外分期。叉車，一時間在托盤運(yùn)輸能力。托盤FL OOR存儲區(qū)域

50、內(nèi)的旅游如下的直線距離度量（弗朗西斯等。 1992年）。2.5分揀，包裝，暫存，運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)件，使用批量采摘的紙箱，首先必須按順序排序，前進(jìn)一步的處理。批量采摘在以下所述，該方法無需廣泛的輸送設(shè)備，旨在促進(jìn)這一進(jìn)程。此外，所有作品必須裝進(jìn)了包裝紙箱，然后定期（單品）紙箱鞏固。一些紙箱和包裹移動到出站的分期，像美國郵政，UPS和聯(lián)邦快遞包快遞服務(wù)。其他出境分期零擔(dān)承運(yùn)人服務(wù)。包快遞服務(wù)手動載入他們的車輛，零擔(dān)承運(yùn)人倉庫的人員使用或者叉車或托盤

51、千斤頂加載。支持的行動，退貨處理在不規(guī)則的時代，倉庫工作人員必須執(zhí)行額外的功能是不正常的進(jìn)程的一部分。每當(dāng)一個新的商店正在準(zhǔn)備開放，大量的產(chǎn)品，完整的產(chǎn)品線，必須采摘和上演。有一個獨立的區(qū)域，此分期撥出。有時候，有些產(chǎn)品需要重新包裝和/或零售商店的標(biāo)記。 TH是加工增值之間進(jìn)行分揀和包裝。退回的商品必須進(jìn)行檢查，有可能重新包裝，然后返回到存儲位置。數(shù)量不顯著，它在增值領(lǐng)域的處理。定期，產(chǎn)品的位</p><p>　

52、　貨架 擱置區(qū)包含1000滯銷產(chǎn)品件回升。安置在立方米容積為0.72立方米，深40厘米，高 180厘米，寬100厘米的單位。使用0.6立方米空間的利用率，允許間隙和貨架的紙箱尺寸不匹配，每個擱架單元可以容納上平均0.72×0.6/0.0426=10.14紙箱。如果每個產(chǎn)品最多需要一個紙箱，然后我們需要1000/10.14=98.6或99個擱置單位。100個單位四舍五入這意味著一挑線100/2=50米。實現(xiàn)這一點的一種方法是建立

53、兩個挑過道，每個長25米，如圖12.9所示。在最后的布局，該系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)大到30米的長度。此外，空間提供了兩個未來的過道。雖然存儲在這里的所有產(chǎn)品被認(rèn)為是緩慢的推動者立方米容積的測量產(chǎn)品所需的總庫存小一些例外，活動為基礎(chǔ)的存儲原則，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展來識別速度更快的移動產(chǎn)品（其中包括緩慢搬運(yùn)工）。這些被放置在符合人體工程學(xué)的理想的黃金地帶。</p><p>　　少數(shù)滯銷產(chǎn)品要求每個訂單，使得使用排序，同時采擷（SWP）的檢索方

54、法。揀選使用多個車廂一輛車，一個過去的貨架上挑選幾個訂單項目?；旌宪噹煌挠唵雾椖?。后來，當(dāng)車移動到排序，鞏固和包裝，但實際上是小排序的工作要做，但主要是鞏固和包裝。</p><p>　　倉庫管理倉庫的電子操作需要謹(jǐn)慎和穩(wěn)定的管理。每次收到的電子郵件掃描產(chǎn)品是由WMS執(zhí)行的功能只是一個例子。它是超出了這個范圍介紹一個典型的WMS的細(xì)節(jié)。然而，這里應(yīng)該提到的一些主要特點。跟蹤整個倉庫是一個WMS的基本功能之一?？?/p>

55、以手工完成，但今天的大多數(shù)設(shè)施使用條碼掃描儀，和許多使用條形碼掃描儀一個典型的WMS使下面列出的功能。這些要求是不包括在內(nèi)，但只顯示所需的功能類型。進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)（夏普，2001年）。5s應(yīng)使調(diào)度人員，包括定期全職員工和臨時和兼職員工。跟蹤員工的工作效率的方法是有益的培訓(xùn)和工作量平衡。工作量調(diào)度應(yīng)與預(yù)測信息，產(chǎn)品量的轉(zhuǎn)換，應(yīng)自動翻譯功能和雇員生產(chǎn)力勞動時間。股票的條件，過程中的部分收益，并需要檢驗檢疫的產(chǎn)品。它應(yīng)該生成托盤和紙箱上的SKU