圓振動篩設(shè)計的外文翻譯

1、<p>　　Screening Vibrating screens</p><p>　　Principles --Vibrating screens save space and weight and operate on little power because the screening surface may be actuated by vibrating, gyrating or pulsat

2、ing movement of small amplitude, but at frequencies that normally exceed 3,000/min. </p><p>　　Selection of Proper Vibration Sereen --Be sure the screen supplier knows all details of the application. The cent

3、rifugal force factor, or combination of frequency of vibration (speed) and amplitude (throw), may affect performance of any vibrating screen. Also, a correct combination of slope and direction of mechanism rotation is vi

4、tal for inclined screens. Usually, the larger the opening, the greater the amplitude needed for a screen. </p><p>　　If the throw is too small, the material may clog or wedge in the openings. Increasing the t

5、hrow beyond what is required to prevent blinding or plugging does not necessarily increase the life of the bearings and reduce screening efficiency. </p><p>　　Increased rate of travel permits more tonnage to

6、 be passed over the screen per unit of time. For a given tonnage, a faster rate of travel results in a thinner bed of material and high screening efficiency. </p><p>　　Maximum slope is reached when the mater

7、ial travels too fast for the fines to penetrate the ribbon of material and reach the apertures in the screen cloth. At this point an excessive amount of fine material passes over the screen with the oversize, resulting i

8、n poor efficiency. </p><p>　　When an existing screen is to be used for an application other than that for which it was originally intended, check with the Supplier to see if any of the operating characterist

9、ics need modification and if the the screen is structurally suitable for the new application. </p><p>　　The operator can get the correct vibrating screen by providing the supplier with the following informat

10、ion: </p><p>　　Maximum tons per hour to be screened, including any circulating load or any surges in the feed rate. </p><p>　　A complete size consist or sieve analysis of the material or, if ava

11、ilable, an estimated analysis. </p><p>　　Type of material and weight per cubic foot in broken state. </p><p>　　Separations desired on each deck. </p><p>　　Surface moisture carried b

12、y the material if screening is to be dry or amount of water with feed if wet. </p><p>　　Special operating requirements or conditions such as temperature, abrasiveness, corrosiveness or other physical charact

13、eristics of the feed, efficiency or product requirements which determine selection of screening surface, or installation problems which affect screen size selection or capacity. </p><p>　　General Types --Vib

14、rating screens may be divided into two main classes: mechanically-vibrated and electrially-vibrated. The former can be subdivided into classes based on how the vibration is produced--by eccentrics; by unbalanced weight;

15、by cams or bumpers. They can also be subdivided as inclined and horizontal. </p><p>　　Sizes --Vibrating screens are made in standard sizes of from 12 in. to 10 ft wide and from 2 1/2 ft to 28 ft long. Common

16、 practice dictates that the length of the screen should be 2.5 times the width for dry screening. For wet screening, wider and shorter screen is best. Screens for scalping ahead of primary crushers, operate at a slope of

17、 from 12 degrees to 18 degrees and have openings as large as 11-in. square. The eccentric throw for openings from 5 to 11 in. is usually 1/2 in.; for openings </p><p>　　The mechanical shaking screen comprise

18、s a rectangular frame, with perforated steel or wire cloth screening medium. It is usually inclined and suspended on loose rods or cables. These screens now are used mainly for special tasks of coarse screening, having g

19、iven way to vibrating screens.</p><p>　　Electrically-Heated Screens --Electrically heated screen cloth decks have afforded better screening and less dust. Modern or updated screening operations, now handling

20、 clays, limestone, potash, salts, phosphates and various hydroscopic materials, report minimum dust loss when equipped with heated screens. The controlling factor in this improvement is the electrically-heated screen dot

21、h deck. Any vibratory screen with fine opening (less than 1/2 in.) can be equipped with low volt-age-high amperag</p><p>　　The principle of electric heating is based on the fact that small diameter wire of s

22、creen cloth (especially stainless steel) serves as a conductor, but offers resistance to a high-amperage current. This resistance causes heating of the wire when powerful transformer and specially designed bus bars conne

23、cted to screen doth decks push up to 6,000 amps current into a circuit. The current is safe and shock-proof because voltage is low, ranging from approximately 1 1/2 to 16 volts. Workers can do the</p><p>　　H

24、eated screens are effective in preventing moisture content of material from causing buildup and blinding. The screen wire is kept at 100 degrees to 130 degrees F </p><p>　　depending on character and tonnage

25、of the material processed. This temperature is not high enough to weaken the wire cloth or screen structure, nor does it suffice to drive off moisture held in material. The warm wire stays dry, breaking the surface tensi

26、on that otherwise would bind damp material to cold, damp metal. This differential or warm, dry screen wire versus cold, damp material can be maintained economically through transformer control settings. </p><p

27、>　　With every opening in the heated screen mesh protected against blinding, there is no guesswork about what size particle will be delivered. A uniform, unvarying quality to meet tough specifications comes through day

28、 after day, no matter what the weather. (High humidity makes trouble with unheated screens.) Plants operating heated screens will have no trouble with excessive amounts of fine, dusty material that formerly sifted throug

29、h reduced meshes on clogged screens. </p><p>　　Service life of screen cloth is greatly increased when electric heating ends the punishment of old-fashioned cleaning methods, such as rough pounding or brushin

30、g. Blowtorch flames put too much heat in one spot and bouncing chains added to wear and tear. But, screens kept clean and open with electric heating reportedly are seldom mistreated and last up to eight times as long. He

31、ated decks end the threat of pile ups and strains that can break the mesh. </p><p>　　Economical operation of electric heating for screens requires one transformer for installations of up to three panels of s

32、creen cloth (maximum area 4- x 12-ft). Two transformers are used on longer decks. Any deck (top, center or bottom) can be heated. Electric heating is most desirable of all where a screen surface is hard to get at. Changi

33、ng heated screens does not involve more unbolting than needed for ordinary screens. </p><p>　　In specifying screens to deliver a uniform particle through heated mesh, the first thing to consider is weight pe

34、r square foot of the wire cloth needed to set up appropriate resistance. Most calculations are based on square openings. Slotted openings must be identified as to width of clear opening, diameter of wire and number of wi

35、res per inch before weight per square foot can be found in any screen cloth manufacturer's catalog. </p><p>　　Having determined the usable weight per square foot of screen cloth, the next step is to sele

36、ct the size of clear opening needed, making no allowance for reduction in this size as formerly was the case when material stuck to the wires. Heated wires will maintain the clear opening at all times, making it possible

37、 to screen finer without blinding. </p><p>　　From a wire catalog, select a mesh weighing no more per square foot (can weigh less) than determined using the method above with the clear opening characteristics

38、 desired. This often turns out to be a more efficient screen because the wire diameter will be smaller and the percentage of the open area will be greater. </p><p>　　For example, where a 1/8-in. clear openin

39、g was desired (but often blinded) on unheated screens, the wire diameter was 0.63 and the open area was 44 percent. The cloth weighed 1.43 lb/ft. 2. For a heated 3- x 12-ft screen, the weight must not exceed 1.1 lb/ft2.

40、Two options were found in cloth with 1/8-in. clear opening: wire diameter .054 weighing 1.09 lb/ft2 providing 48.8 percent open area; and wire diameter .047 weighing 0.85 lb/ft2 with a 52.8 percent open area. </p>

41、<p>　　Load conditions may make fine diameters of carbon steel wire inadequate. In such cases, stainless steel wire of larger diameter with greater load-carrying capacity will have the necessary resistance for good

42、heating. </p><p>　　Lighter wire with more open area yields higher tonnage and heated mesh stays open 100 percent. Two screen cloths connected in a series may be of different mesh sizes or clear openings, as

43、long as they both weigh the same per ft2 and do not exceed the weight allowed for that particular size of screen. </p><p>　　With heated screens, major savings in pollution control are possible. Also moisture

44、 content of material is reportedly increased in a range of 5 to 8 percent. This moisture is added during or after crushing-grinding operations and holds down dust during transfer of material and passage over heated scree

45、ns. Warm wire handles 5 to 8 percent moisture in stride. The cost of heating equipment and mist spraying reportedly is less than the cost of having bag towers and precipitators. </p><p><b>　　振動篩的選擇<

46、/b></p><p><b>　　振動篩的選擇原則：</b></p><p>　　選擇振動篩的原則是所選擇的振動篩要節(jié)省空間、重量并且驅(qū)動的功率要小，因為篩選表面可以驅(qū)動并且發(fā)生振動。同時還要保證旋轉(zhuǎn)或脈動運動振幅要小,但振動篩的振動頻率在通常情況下是要超過三千次每分鐘的。</p><p>　　選擇合適的振動顯示屏：</p>

47、<p>　　要確定顯示屏供應(yīng)商知道所有有關(guān)方面的使用細節(jié)。離心力或組合頻率振動（速度）以及振幅（投擲）等因素都可能影響到任何振動篩的正常工作。此外,需要有一個正確的組合坡度和方向的輪換機制，這對于顯示屏來說是至關(guān)重要的。通常情況下，振動篩需要大開放、大振幅的顯示屏。</p><p>　　如果投入太少的話，則這些材料可能出現(xiàn)木屐或楔形開口等情況。增加投入以后，需要知道如何防止堵塞因為堵塞是不必要的，而

48、且會增加日常軸承的磨損以及和降低篩選的效率。</p><p>　　單位時間內(nèi)材料上升速率曲線都要通過整個屏幕,因此該處材料以較快的速率通過較薄的車床的同時需要用較高的效率來進行篩選。</p><p>　　當材料速度過快導(dǎo)致材料絲帶被擊穿并當材料到達屏幕布料開口處時出現(xiàn)最大傾斜角。此時大量的優(yōu)質(zhì)材料通過屏幕的速度過快，從而導(dǎo)致效益不佳。 </p><p>　　當一個現(xiàn)

49、有的屏幕畫面出現(xiàn)故障時，如果該屏幕的結(jié)構(gòu)還適合于新的應(yīng)用，這時應(yīng)及時進行檢查并詢問供應(yīng)商，看看是否有需要修改的地方。</p><p>　　操作者還可以通過供應(yīng)商提供的下列資料得到良好的振動篩: </p><p>　　?通過最高每小時噸數(shù)進行篩選，包括任何循環(huán)負荷或任何突然增加的進給速度。</p><p>　　?通過一個完整的粒度分析或?qū)Σ牧线M行篩分分析，如果條件允許

50、的話，最好使用估計分析法。</p><p>　　?材料的種類和每立方米重量失效的概率。</p><p>　　?各個篩板的預(yù)期斷裂的情況。</p><p>　　?通過表面材料所攜帶的水分進行篩選，如果是潮濕的需要將水份曬干或添加一定數(shù)量的材料。</p><p>　　?特殊的操作要求或條件，例如溫度、磨損情況、腐蝕情況或具有其他物理特性的材料、效

51、率或產(chǎn)品的要求，確定篩選表面或安裝問題，因為這將直接影響到屏幕尺寸的選擇以及屏幕實際使用的能力。</p><p>　　一般的類型：振動篩可分為兩大類:一類為機械振動型振動篩，另一類為電力振動型振動篩。 前者是根據(jù)振動是如何產(chǎn)生的可被細分入類—由偏心輪產(chǎn)生；由失衡的重量產(chǎn)生；由凸輪或防撞器產(chǎn)生；它們也可以按照傾斜和橫向進行細分。 </p><p>　　尺寸：振動的屏幕通常被制造成寬為從12英

52、尺到10英尺，長為從2 1 / 2英尺到28英尺。在通常情況下，干式篩選顯示屏的長度應(yīng)該是寬度的2.5 倍。對于濕式篩選來說，更寬和更短的屏幕是最好的選擇。為防止屏幕提前而導(dǎo)致被壓碎，操作斜率應(yīng)保持在12度至18度左右，并有多達11種開口情況。異常投擲為開頭從5英尺到11英尺通常是1/2英尺；開頭為3英尺到5英尺，大約3 / 8英尺和較小的開口1/4英尺。篩選表面是由一輛重型鑄造服務(wù)臺、鋼穿孔或無打滑焊接鋼筋之間的空隙、篩網(wǎng)等部分組成的

53、。</p><p>　　機械振動篩的屏幕由一個長方形框架、已打孔的鋼或絲織物組成。它通常傾斜和暫停在懸浮松散桿或電纜上。這些屏幕現(xiàn)在主要用于有特殊任務(wù)的時侯，此時應(yīng)讓位給振動篩的屏幕。</p><p>　　電熱屏幕--電熱布屏幕面板提供了較佳的保護功能并且具有粉塵少等優(yōu)點?，F(xiàn)代或更新篩選作業(yè)，現(xiàn)在處理粘土、石灰石、鉀、鹽、磷和各種的吸濕材料，當配備暖簾時，報告的粉塵損失最低。 控制因素在這

54、方面的改善是使用電熱幕小靈通平臺。任何振動篩的屏幕以良好的開幕(小于1 / 2英寸)，可配備低電壓使用年齡高的焙電阻來抵抗熱化。 </p><p>　　電熱化的原則是基于這樣的事實:小直徑線材絲網(wǎng)布(尤其是不銹鋼) 作為導(dǎo)體，但是能夠抵抗高焙電流。當強有力的變壓器和特別地被設(shè)計的母線接上屏 幕面板被推至6000安培電流進入電路時，這種抵抗導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)線的熱化目前是安全</p><p>　　防震，

55、因為電壓較低，從大約從1 / 2伏特至16伏特。因此工人們可以在沒有殊防范措施的情況下在電熱屏幕附近安全的工作。</p><p>　　熱屏幕能有效地防止材料的水分累積和堵塞。根據(jù)材料本身的特征和被處理的噸位，屏幕導(dǎo)線能夠被被保留在100 度到130 華氏度。這個溫度并不足夠高導(dǎo)致減弱導(dǎo)線布料或屏幕的結(jié)構(gòu)，也不足夠除去材料中的水分。 加熱導(dǎo)線使其保持干燥，否則會打破束縛在潮濕的材料中對冷, 潮濕的金屬的表面張力。這

56、一差動或溫暖、干燥篩線對寒冷、潮濕的材料可以通過控制設(shè)定，而變得更加經(jīng)濟合理。</p><p>　　每個熱屏幕篩網(wǎng)的前端被保護，以避免堵塞。無法猜測多少尺寸的顆粒將被提供。無論是什么天氣，一個統(tǒng)一的、品質(zhì)不變的、滿足苛刻的規(guī)格每天都有通過。(高濕度造成未加熱的屏幕的問題)。操作熱的顯示屏不會有太多的麻煩,多灰塵的材料以前是在被堵塞的屏幕上通過減少篩網(wǎng)來過濾的。</p><p>　　當電熱化

57、結(jié)束后可以使用傳統(tǒng)的清潔方法清理屏幕，如果使用粗洗或電刷洗等方法，屏幕布料產(chǎn)品的使用壽命將會大大的提高。小型發(fā)焰裝置在一定的區(qū)域內(nèi)產(chǎn)生大量的熱量，他所產(chǎn)生的連鎖反映就是增加了磨損以及斷裂。但是，據(jù)說屏幕電熱化保持清潔和開放很少被采用而且最多能使用8次。暖底甲板的物料堆積和應(yīng)變，可以導(dǎo)致濾網(wǎng)被打破。</p><p>　　對于電熱屏幕來說最經(jīng)濟的操作是需要有一個變壓器裝置來為屏幕布料(最大面積4×12英尺)

58、。兩臺變壓器是用在更長的甲板。任何甲板(頂部中心或底部)，都可以用來加熱。處理屏幕表面是很難獲取的地方，使用電熱化是最可取的方法。對于普通的屏幕來說，更換熱的顯示屏?xí)r并不需要過多的開插銷。</p><p>　　在指定的顯示屏里通過加熱網(wǎng)提供一個一致的微粒，首先要考慮的事情是量出每平方英尺導(dǎo)線布料所要求的重量，以便設(shè)來定適當?shù)淖枇?。大多?shù)計算都是基于方形洞口的基礎(chǔ)上進行的。開槽開孔被識別是在量出每平方英尺的重量和找

59、到任何屏幕布料制造商的產(chǎn)品目錄之前，通過前端精確的寬度，導(dǎo)線的直徑和每平方英尺一定數(shù)量導(dǎo)線的重量來實現(xiàn)的。</p><p>　　被確定能用的每平方英尺屏幕布料的重量，下一步是清楚的選出所需要的開頭的大小，制造無加工余量尺寸大小減少到以前的情況時，材料貼到電線上。加</p><p>　　熱導(dǎo)線將一直保持清晰的開放，使得畫面清晰無黑屏。 </p><p>　　通過導(dǎo)線編

60、目，僅僅通過重量選擇一個篩網(wǎng)(重量可以少稱量)使用的方法是通過前端特征來決定的。這通常是一個更有效率的方法，因為這樣屏幕上的鋼絲直徑將變得更小，而且開放范圍的百分比將會變得更大。</p><p>　　例如，在一個1/8英尺的未加熱的顯示屏上，它的前端能夠被清楚的顯示出來，(但是屏幕經(jīng)常黑屏)，其導(dǎo)線直徑為0.63及開放范圍的百分比為為44%。布料重量為1.43磅/英尺。一個被加熱的3×12英尺的顯示屏，

61、重量不得超過1.1磅/英尺。兩個方案通過比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，布料以1/8英尺前端被清楚的顯示出來的顯示屏上:導(dǎo)線直徑為0.054，重量1.09磅/英尺，開放范圍的百分比為48.8%；一個加熱3×12英尺的顯示屏上：線直徑為0.047，重0.85磅/英尺，開放范圍的百分比為52.8%。 </p><p>　　在負荷的狀態(tài)下可以解決碳鋼導(dǎo)線直徑不足的問題。在這種情況下，對于好的熱化來說，不銹鋼導(dǎo)線直徑以更大的承載能力

62、來抵抗外部的載荷。</p><p>　　更輕的導(dǎo)線并有更多開闊地帶能夠產(chǎn)生更高的噸位，而且熱的篩網(wǎng)能夠保持百分之百處于打開的狀態(tài)。兩塊屏幕布料被連系成一個系列，也許是網(wǎng)格尺寸大小不同或者是前端的清晰度不同。只要它們滿足每平方英尺的重量相同而且不超過該規(guī)定的重量，尤其是屏幕的尺寸。 </p><p>　　對于振動篩的熱屏幕來說，通過控制從而大大節(jié)省污染是可能的。同時材料中的水分根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示增