基于labview的虛擬儀器外文翻譯

1、<p>　　基于LabVIEW的虛擬儀器</p><p>　　模擬風(fēng)力太陽能系統(tǒng)混合動(dòng)力站（節(jié)選）</p><p><b>　　介紹</b></p><p>　　在最簡單的層面上，數(shù)據(jù)采集可以手動(dòng)完成如使用紙筆記錄讀數(shù)或任何其他工具。對于某些應(yīng)用這種形式的數(shù)據(jù)采集是足夠的。然而，數(shù)據(jù)記錄中的應(yīng)用這需要大量的數(shù)據(jù)讀數(shù)，非常頻繁的錄音是有

2、必要的，它包括了儀器或微控制器獲取和記錄數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確（1995里格比和多爾比，）。急診化驗(yàn)室虛擬儀器工程平臺（LabVIEW）是一個(gè)功能強(qiáng)大的靈活的儀器儀表和分析應(yīng)用軟件工具，（美國國家儀器儀表，2002）在今天這新興技術(shù)并被廣泛采用的學(xué)術(shù)界，工業(yè)LabVIEW已成為一個(gè)重要的工具，已代替了政府實(shí)驗(yàn)室數(shù)據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采集，儀器控制和分析軟件。</p><p>　　現(xiàn)有的1.5千瓦的額定風(fēng)力太陽能混合動(dòng)力站顯示（圖1）。設(shè)計(jì)

3、與施工的可再生能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)報(bào)告（磐 誠，等鋁，2000）。在大學(xué)校園的平臺上，有良好的教育機(jī)會(huì)本科生和研究生以現(xiàn)有的風(fēng)力太陽能知識，學(xué)生們在協(xié)同研究基于風(fēng)力太陽能發(fā)電站的傳統(tǒng)的電網(wǎng)火力發(fā)電廠。特別是在一些組件可再生能源如蓄電池和直流電源逆變器，可導(dǎo)致供電質(zhì)量和電網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)一些問題，當(dāng)太陽風(fēng)穩(wěn)定性出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)，根據(jù)汽輪機(jī)和發(fā)電機(jī)（帕特爾，1999）的電力系統(tǒng)與化石燃料這些相互作用都是由于大量的不同動(dòng)力學(xué)參與的風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和蒸汽渦輪機(jī)。圖1顯示了p

4、hotovol TAIC（PV）與太陽能電池板120個(gè)W評級，mastmounted1千瓦的風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)，和風(fēng)速計(jì)，包括風(fēng)方向和速度傳感器的風(fēng)能太陽能發(fā)電站并行運(yùn)作，并收取12 V電池組包括六個(gè)深循環(huán)鉛酸電池。太陽面板安裝在機(jī)架上的軌道，白天太陽光從320個(gè)0度的初始位置度。該系統(tǒng)還包括基于固態(tài)器件的一個(gè)1.5kVA額定直流到交流電源逆變器，保護(hù)設(shè)備如交流和直流電路斷路器，熔斷器，避雷器，一套線性和非線性負(fù)載，連接電纜，和接線盒。在國家的

5、電壓和電流系統(tǒng)學(xué)生們介紹了穩(wěn)定的研究，說明了電能質(zhì)量由于小的</p><p>　　雖然電力系統(tǒng)和項(xiàng)目的可再生能源的內(nèi)容有助于可再生能源的教學(xué)現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的應(yīng)用，計(jì)算機(jī)輔助測量和數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊的缺乏阻礙我們發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)的藝術(shù)監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)1999。本文將主要集中在最近完成的LabVIEW監(jiān)測和處理后系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)變量為基礎(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊：直流電壓，直流電流，交流電壓，交流電流，風(fēng)速，風(fēng)向，直流電源，從現(xiàn)有的風(fēng)力太陽能發(fā)電站的交

6、流電源。</p><p>　　該儀器系統(tǒng)提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，獲得美國國家儀器實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)生（Ni）的數(shù)據(jù)采集硬件，和LabVIEW軟件版本6i的直流電壓，直流電流的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測，風(fēng)速，風(fēng)向，DC和AC電源波形。該項(xiàng)目的其他最有用的好處包括學(xué)生接口設(shè)備如電壓和電流傳感器在交流和直流側(cè)，并使用隔離放大器之間的傳感器輸出和輸入電腦。該系統(tǒng)不僅被用于數(shù)據(jù)采集和儀器控制應(yīng)用，而且對于一般用途的應(yīng)用如數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)，數(shù)據(jù)分析程序，網(wǎng)絡(luò)通

7、信。例如，計(jì)算機(jī)執(zhí)行的風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)虛擬儀器網(wǎng)絡(luò)化對高校的服務(wù)器，并可以訪問任何校園遠(yuǎn)程計(jì)算機(jī)通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控的目的。</p><p>　　校友調(diào)查的畢業(yè)生近15年覆蓋完成2001夏季大學(xué)工業(yè)技術(shù)部。調(diào)查工具被送往120校友參與其各自公司的機(jī)電/電子系統(tǒng)。完成的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)從70（的目標(biāo)組58.33%）和58（占82.86%的受訪者）的人表示，雇主寧愿雇用與模擬或數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)采集工作知識的畢業(yè)生，分析和解釋。

8、他們還表明，一個(gè)有能力制定一系列其他問題的解決方案，以及機(jī)電和電子系統(tǒng)的特定的計(jì)算機(jī)素養(yǎng)是一個(gè)加號。測量儀器是不包括在本文。工業(yè)咨詢委員會(huì)成員的工業(yè)技術(shù)部在2003學(xué)年也顯示數(shù)據(jù)采集技能的員工的必要性。因此，在LabVIEW儀表系統(tǒng)將幫助學(xué)生發(fā)展中的數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù)，分析。</p><p>　　計(jì)算機(jī)輔助測量和風(fēng)接口—太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)</p><p>　　目的是將六個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)變量：直流電壓，直流電流

9、，交流電壓，交流電流，風(fēng)速，風(fēng)向成計(jì)算機(jī)可讀的存儲(chǔ)和顯示，實(shí)時(shí)的結(jié)果。直流電源和交流電源需要計(jì)算和通過其他預(yù)定的變量使用LabVIEW的編程能力監(jiān)測。信號調(diào)理硬件條件和隔離電壓和風(fēng)信息信號之前被連接到數(shù)據(jù)采集板將在整體系統(tǒng)的虛擬儀器發(fā)揮重要作用。風(fēng)的太陽能發(fā)電站的儀器相包括下列硬件：cr4110-10真有效值交流電流傳感器和一個(gè)cr5210 50直流霍爾效應(yīng)電流傳感器從CR磁，電壓和電流分配器和縮放電路，一個(gè)風(fēng)監(jiān)測裝置稱為風(fēng)速儀，Lab

10、VIEW 6i專業(yè)開發(fā)系統(tǒng)為Windows NT／98，pci-6071e I / O板，一個(gè)DAQ驅(qū)動(dòng)軟件，一個(gè)SH 100100屏蔽電纜，SCSI - II的連接器，一個(gè)scb-100屏蔽連接器塊，一個(gè)隔離放大器電路，和一個(gè)PC。用示波器檢查模擬信號也將是非常有用的。圖2說明了整個(gè)儀表系統(tǒng)的框圖。四太陽能電池板和風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)產(chǎn)生的直流電壓被施加到電池組。</p><p>　　一個(gè)年輕的05103v風(fēng)速計(jì)提供兩個(gè)

11、電壓信號對應(yīng)的風(fēng)向和風(fēng)速值。這些風(fēng)的信號被饋送到ad21oan隔離放大器和輸出應(yīng)用到國家儀器的scb-100數(shù)據(jù)采集（DAQ）。兩個(gè)電壓信號，一個(gè)從電池輸出和一個(gè)來自逆變器的輸出也適用于隔離放大器通過其相應(yīng)的電壓縮放電路。兩個(gè)電流信號，一個(gè)來自電池的輸出通過一個(gè)直流霍爾效應(yīng)電流傳感器，和其他從逆變器的輸出通過一個(gè)真有效值交流電流傳感器直接輸入到數(shù)據(jù)采集板。CR 5210-50直流霍爾電流傳感器可以提供0 - 5 V直流輸入0-50直流電

12、流。同樣，Cr 4110-10交流電流傳感器可以提供一個(gè)信號輸入為一個(gè)AC。圖3電流0~5伏直流描繪的逆變器和交流負(fù)載銀行，包括奔騰III計(jì)算機(jī)，各種高效節(jié)能熒光燈，白熾燈等，一個(gè)電加熱器，和一個(gè)風(fēng)扇。的交流負(fù)載的總功率約1400 W的儀器系統(tǒng)主要利用電腦的電源是由風(fēng)能和太陽能混合動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)提供的。</p><p>　　在實(shí)際的范圍視圖顯示波形的預(yù)處理信號，需要適當(dāng)?shù)男?zhǔn)使用算術(shù)或邏輯功能期貨可在LabVIEW？圖

13、6描述了為下午5:15到32 PM時(shí)間段的數(shù)據(jù)采集VI前面板。如圖7所示，直流電源具有值241.97當(dāng)交流電源具有值238.65 W的差對應(yīng)的損失通過逆變器。發(fā)電和相應(yīng)的監(jiān)測值增加至1500 W在充分的陽光和/或風(fēng)力條件。風(fēng)向?yàn)槟鏁r(shí)針從北。5.2英里每小時(shí)的平均風(fēng)速記錄在6:25 PM時(shí)間6:26 PM。閱讀每分鐘數(shù)可以通過調(diào)色板在前面板上顯示</p><p>　　Introduction</p>

14、<p>　　At the simplest level, data acquisition can be accomplished manually using paper and pencil, recording readings from a multimeter or any other instrument. For some applications this form of data acquisition ma

15、y be adequate. However , data recording applications that require large number of data readings where very frequent recordings are necessary must include instruments or microcontrollers to acquire and record data precise

16、ly (Rigby and Dalby, 1995). Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering W</p><p>　　An existing 1.5 kW rated wind-solar hybrid power station is shown in Figure 1. The design and construction of the renewable en

17、ergy based power system was reported earlier (Pecen, et al., 2000). The existing wind-solar testbed at UNI campus has been an excellent educational opportunity for undergraduate and graduate students to study complex int

18、eractions in the electrical power grid between conventional coal-fired power plants and wind-solar based power stations.</p><p>　　Particularly some components in the renewable energy plants such as batteries

19、 and dc-to-ac power inverters can lead to power quality and grid stability problems when wind-solar power systems are tied to fossil-fuel based turbine and generators (Patel, 1999). These interactions are mostly</p>

20、;<p>　　due to the vast dynamics differences involved in wind turbines and steam turbines. Figure 1 shows four Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels with a power rating of 120 W for each, one mastmounted</p><p&

21、gt;　　wind turbine with 1 kW, and an anemometer that includes a wind direction and a speed sensor. The hybrid wind-solar power station operates in parallel, and charges a 12 V battery bank which includes six deep cycle le

22、ad acid batteries. The solar panels are installed on a frame which</p><p>　　tracks the sun light during the day from an initial position of 0 degree to 320 degree. The system also includes a 1.5kVA rated dc-

23、to-ac power inverter based on solid-state devices, protection</p><p>　　equipment such as ac and dc circuit breakers, fuses, surge arrester, a set of linear and non-linear loads, connecting cables, and juncti

24、on boxes. Students are introduced to the studies of steady state voltage and currents in the system, illustrating power quality problems due to small linear and nonlinear load effects (Pecen and Timmerman, 1999). The win

25、d-solar hybrid power station has been used as part of the undergraduate electrical power and machinery laboratory content as well as a demonstra</p><p>　　Although the power system and renewable energy conten

26、t of the project have helped in teaching real-world applications of the renewable energy, the lack of computer aided instrumentation and data acquisition modules prevented us from developing a stateof-the-art data monito

27、ring and processing system in 1999. This paper will focus mainly on recently completed LabView? based data acquisition module for monitoring and processing the following system state variables: dc</p><p>　　v

28、oltage, dc current, ac voltage, ac current, wind speed, wind direction, dc power, and ac power from the existing wind-solar power station.</p><p>　　The instrumentation system provides students with an opport

29、unity to gain practical experience on National Instruments (NI) data acquisition hardware, and the LabView? Version 6i software for the real-time monitoring of dc voltage, dc current, wind speed, wind direction, dc and a

30、c power waveforms. Other most useful benefits of the project include the students’ ability to interface devices such as voltage and current sensors on both ac and dc sides, and the use of isolation amplifiers between sen

31、s</p><p>　　An alumni survey covering last 15 year of graduates was completed in summer 2001 in the Department of Industrial Technology at UNI. The survey instrument was sent to 120 alumni who are involved in

32、 electromechanical/electronic systems of their respective companies. The completed survey data was obtained from 70 (58.33% of the targeted group) and 58 (82.86% of total respondents) of them indicated that employers pre

33、fer hiring of graduates with a working knowledge of analog or digital data acquisiti</p><p>　　Computer Aided Instrumentation and Interface of the Wind-Solar Power System</p><p>　　The objective i

34、s to transform the six experimental variables: DC voltage, DC current, AC voltage, AC current, wind speed, and wind direction into a form readable by the computer, display and store the results in real time . The DC powe

35、r and AC power need to be calculated and monitored through the other predetermined variables using LabView’s programming capabilities. The signal conditioning hardware to condition and isolate the voltage and wind inform

36、ation signals before being connected to the D</p><p>　　A Young 05103V Anemometer provides two voltage signals corresponding to wind speed and wind direction values. These wind signals are fed to AD21OAN Isol

37、ation Amplifiers and the output is applied to National Instrument’s SCB-100 Data Acquisition Board (DAQ). Two voltage signals, one from battery output and one from inverter output are also applied to isolation amplifiers

38、 through their corresponding voltage divider-scaling circuits. Two current signals, one from battery output through a DC Hall-Ef</p><p>　　To view the displayed waveforms in actual ranges, the preconditioned

39、signals require appropriate calibration using the arithmetic and/or logic function futures available in LabView? Figure 6 depicts the front panel of the data acquisition VI for the time period of 5:15 pm to 5:32 pm. As s

40、een in Figure 7, the DC power has a value of 241.97 W while the AC power has a value of 238.65 W. The difference corresponds to losses through the inverter. The power generation and corresponding monitoring valu</p>