外文翻譯--無線通信技術在電網通信中的應用前景

1、<p><b>　　中文7900字</b></p><p><b>　　英文文獻：</b></p><p>　　The application prospects of wireless communication technology in the grid communication</p><p>　　[T

2、echnical Analysis of the thesis Keywords ]wireless; grid communication;</p><p>　　[Abstract] With the rapid development of modern science and technology to build the perfect strong and reliable communications

3、 network, has become increasingly important. The articles combine the characteristics and needs of the electric power communications and wireless features of the new technology, analyze the application prospects of wirel

4、ess communication technology in the power grid communications.</p><p>　　First, an overview</p><p>　　Electric power communication network is run in order to ensure the security and stability of p

5、ower system came into being. With the power system security and stability control systems, dispatching automation system is collectively known as the power system security and stability of the three pillars. China's

6、electric power communication network through the construction of several decades of ups and downs, has begun to take shape, build and become interchange communication network via satellite, </p><p>　　Complet

7、e network transmission system based on the future development trend of the sensor network towards the network to further improve the technology - the application of the sensor network technology and network support. Prom

8、ote the application of sensor networks from the perspective of the manufacturing of sensor node hardware platform, network application technology development to real-world applications into; network support techniques in

9、clude positioning technologies, synchronization techn</p><p>　　Within the network, information processing technology is designed packaging further integration of the original data collection, information pro

10、cessing and computing migrate to within the sensor network, which simplifies the equipment requirements on the client, the user side can be perceived to use more low-end and simple equipment read and apply information. N

11、etwork information processing technology allows the sensor network has a more advanced, better information processing capabilities, avai</p><p>　　Second, the wireless technology introduced</p><p&g

12、t;　　(A) the concept of wireless communication technology</p><p>　　Currently, wireless communications and its applications has become one of the most active areas of research in the information science and te

13、chnology today. The general by the wireless base stations, wireless terminal and application server.</p><p>　　(B) the development status of wireless communication technology</p><p>　　Wireless co

14、mmunications technology in accordance with the transmission distance can be roughly divided into the following four technology based on IEEE802.15 wireless personal area network (WPAN), wireless metropolitan area network

15、 based on IEEE802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) based on the IEEE802.16 ( WMAN) and IEEE802.20-based wireless WAN (WWAN).</p><p>　　Overall, the representatives of the long-distance wireless access te

16、chnologies: GSM, GPRS, 3G; on behalf of the short-range wireless access technologies, including: WLAN, UWB. Can be divided in accordance with the mobility of mobile access and fixed access. Fixed wireless access technolo

17、gy: 3.5GHz wireless access (MMDS), Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS), 802.16d; mobile wireless access technologies including: 802.15 of WPANs, 802.11 WLAN, 802.16 e WiMAX, 802.20 WWAN. In accordance wi</p&g

18、t;<p>　　A major wireless communications technology</p><p>　　From technology trends can be seen as the core of the OFDM + MIMO wireless communications technology will become the mainstream of the devel

19、opment direction of future wireless communications. The current wireless communications technology based on this technology are: four kinds of B3G, WiMAX, WiFi, of WMN and other technologies.</p><p>　　Other

20、wireless communications technology</p><p>　　In addition to the mainstream wireless communications technology, wireless communication technology also includes: IrDA, Bluetooth, the RFID, UWB, cluster communic

21、ations, and other short-range communications technology and on LMDS, MMDS, and point-to-point microwave, satellite communications, long distance communication technology.</p><p>　　(1) the IrDA: Infrared Data

22、 Association, is a point-to-point data transfer protocol, the communication distance is generally between 0 ~ 1m, the fastest transfer rates up to 16Mbps, the communication medium for the near-infrared wavelengths around

23、 900 nm.</p><p>　　(2) Bluetooth: Bluetooth in the global open 2.4GHzISM band using frequency hopping spread spectrum technology, the communication medium of electromagnetic waves from 2.402GHz to 2.480GHz.&l

24、t;/p><p>　　(3) of RFID: Radio Frequency Identification, ie, radio frequency identification, commonly known as labels. It is a non-contact automatic identification technology, automatic target recognition by the

25、 RF signal and access to relevant data. RFID tags, Interpretation of three basic elements, and antenna.</p><p>　　(4) the UWB: Ultra Wideband, Ultra-Wideband technology. UWB communication is also known as car

26、rier-free baseband communications, and is almost fully digital communications systems, RF and microwave devices need very little, so you can reduce the complexity of the system, reducing</p><p>　　The merits

27、of wireless technology</p><p>　　(A) WLAN technology</p><p>　　Wi-Fi technologies and products are already quite mature, and mass production. The technology for the wireless LAN as an extension of

28、 wired networks, broadband applications for the particular location, even though the Wi-Fi technology is widely used, but it is still in the security there is a certain security risk, the Wi-Fi uses a radio frequency (RF

29、 ) through the air to send and receive data. Since wireless networks use radio waves to transmit data signals, are very vulnerable to attacks from </p><p>　　(B) analysis of WiMax</p><p>　　WiMax

30、is a state-of-the-art technology, the introduction of relatively late, there are small frequency reuse, the use of the problem of low, but only recently standardized, large-scale promotion of the technology also need to

31、practice the test. From the application prospects of the technology can meet online in a wide range of requirements, coverage can include outdoor and indoor, can be a large area of ??coverage, or even a small number of b

32、ase stations can be achieved throughout the city cover</p><p>　　(C) of WMN technology</p><p>　　WMN is being studied in the technology, combined with the characteristics of the various technologi

33、es continue to study different aspects of integration and not a mature product line to support large-scale application of this technology. The application prospects of WMN in this emerging network not only has a broad ap

34、plication space for wireless broadband access in other areas such as the combination of data, the image acquisition module can monitor or data acquisition of the target object, and </p><p>　　(D) 3G technical

35、 analysis</p><p>　　3G 1996 standards, 2000 to complete the upper-layer protocols, including the complete formulation of standards. 3G network deployment with considerable practical experience, theory of a co

36、mplete sets of building a network, including network link budget, the model budget and simulation. From the commercial prospects of 3G in some areas has been a large-scale commercial applications, such as many European c

37、ountries, Japan, Korea and so on have been building a 3G network. 3G technology has entered </p><p>　　(5) on LMDS technical analysis</p><p>　　Local Multipoint Distribution business systems, LMDS

38、 is a point-to-multipoint fixed broadband wireless access technology, its operating frequency to 20 GHz above, the use of millimeter-wave transmission, within a certain range of digital duplex voice, data, Internet and v

39、ideo services, it is a very good broadband fixed wireless access solutions. In the optimal case, the distance up to 8 km; However, due to rainfall because the distance is usually limited to 1.5 km.</p><p>　　

40、Works sector or base station equipment to the ATM backbone network baseband information modulated RF signal transmitted out CPE in its coverage area to receive and RF signal to restore ATM base band signal, without the n

41、eed for Each user specifically laying fiber or copper, to achieve bi-directional symmetrical high-bandwidth wireless transmission.</p><p>　　(6) MMDS, technical analysis</p><p>　　MMDS The main dr

42、awback is blocking the signal quality is vulnerable to changes in the weather, the available frequency band is not wide enough, no more than 200MHz. Second, MMDS is very strict requirements on the transmission path. The

43、modulation technique used by MMDS phase shift keying PSK, (including BPSK, DQPSK, QPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation QAM modulation technique, and can not do the non-line-of-sight transmission is difficult to prom

44、ote the use of complex urban environment. In</p><p>　　(G) trunking technology</p><p>　　Digital trunking system has many advantages, its spectral efficiency has greatly improved, can further impr

45、ove the user capacity of the cluster system; it increases the ability to signal anti-fading channel, changed for the better quality of wireless transmission; developed digital encryption theory and practical techniques f

46、or digital systems, confidentiality, have greatly improved.</p><p>　　Digital trunking mobile communication system provides multi-service, that is in addition to the digital voice signal, but also can transmi

47、t digital, image information. Transmission within the network is a unified digital signal, therefore greatly improve the service functions of the cluster network.</p><p>　　(H) point-to-point microwave techno

48、logy</p><p>　　The main advantage of microwave transmission in the following aspects: First, it can reduce the operator's operations. Compared to leased lines, microwave systems, as long as a year or so c

49、an be recovered. Second, the microwave transmission system deployment simple and fast. Compared with the traditional means of transmission, the advantages of rapid deployment to meet the needs of the development of new b

50、usiness. Third, the current microwave products for the future development is to protect, fo</p><p>　　(Ix) satellite communications technology</p><p>　　The use of satellite with terrestrial commu

51、nications in some not very densely populated areas. Scattered in these areas, but not intensive users of a wider scope, you can use the satellite as a user connected to the fixed wireline network access facilities. Terre

52、strial communications network constitutes a broadband multimedia communications network, using the satellite into a broadband satellite access system is relatively good and realistic program, and reliable.</p><

53、;p>　　Satellite communications, after all, the construction of the satellite as a communications platform, the ground station, the communication channel rental costs need to spend a lot of money, and communication reso

54、urces for the satellite communications company, by its bandwidth limit, the transmission of large amounts of data need to pay a very high price. Therefore, as the daily production, the life use is extremely uneconomical;

55、 and satellite communications are more suitable as emergency communi</p><p>　　(1)Introduction</p><p>　　Four after the 17th century discovered how to generate electricity with a metal wire transf

56、er of power. Today, for the power grid, power lines around the world every corner. Work and life, more and more electrical appliances brought us great convenience at the same time, knew the power cord of a variety of &qu

57、ot;disarray" troubled by the data line is also increasing. However, all these years of technological development, the growing popularity of wireless data transmission technology, scientists have</p><p>

58、　　(2) the history of the development of wireless power transmission</p><p>　　In the late 19th century known as "usher in the power era of genius." Mingnigula · Tesla (Nikola Tesla ,1856-1943)

59、made outstanding contributions to electrical and radio technology. 1881 he discovered the rotating magnetic field principle, and for the manufacture of induction motor; the 1888 invention of multi-phase AC transmission a

60、nd distribution system; made from 1889-1890 Hz oscillator; 1891 invention of high-frequency transformer (Tesla Coil) are still widely used in radio, TV and other ele</p><p>　　In May 2001, the French National

61、 Centre for Scientific Research 皮格努萊特 microwave wireless transmission of electrical energy to light up the 40m outside a 200W light bulb. Subsequently, in 2003 built on the island of 10kW experimental microwave transmiss

62、ion equipment, has begun to 2.45GHz frequency close to 1km Grande Basang Village for point-to-point wireless power.</p><p>　　In 2005, the City University of Hong Kong Department of Electronic Engineering, Pr

63、ofessor Xu Shuyuan successfully developed a wireless battery charging platform ", but its use still want products and charger contacts.</p><p>　　In October 2006, Japan exhibited a wireless power transmi

64、ssion system. The output power of this system is 7V, 400mA, send and receive coil spacing is 4mm, the transmission efficiency of 50% for the phone to fast charge.</p><p>　　In June 2007, the Massachusetts Ins

65、titute of Technology assistant professor of physics the Marin 索爾賈?？?research team within a short distance wireless power transmission. They give a 60 cm diameter coil is energized, and 6 feet (about 1.83 meters) outside

66、the connection in another coil 60 watt light bulb lit up. The principle of this Marin called "WiTricity" technology "magnetically coupled resonance.</p><p>　　In September 2008, the papers publ

67、ished by the North American Electric Workshop, they have been successful in Nevada Lightning Laboratory 800W power with a wireless way of transmission to 5m far distance.</p><p>　　In October 2009, Nara, Japa

68、n, plug-in hybrid bus wireless charging experiment. Powered coil buried in the concrete charge, the car onto the charge, the vehicle coil at the powered coil will be able to start charging.</p><p>　　3 the ba

69、sic principles of wireless power transmission</p><p>　　3.1 of electromagnetic induction - short-range transmission</p><p>　　The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is the most significant di

70、scoveries in electromagnetism, one of which shows the linkages and transformation between the electric and magnetic phenomena. Electromagnetic induction is the basic principles of electromagnetism, the transformer is to

71、use the basic principle of electromagnetic induction to work. Magnetic coupling to transfer energy between the basic principles of electromagnetic induction distance power transmission shown in Figure 1, the tr</p>

72、<p>　　3.2 of electromagnetic coupling resonance - medium-range transmission</p><p>　　The medium-range wireless power transmission is the "radio frequency" electromagnetic wave or non-radiati

73、ve resonant magnetic coupling "form of power transmission. It is based on electromagnetic resonance coupling principle, the use of non-radiative magnetic field to achieve efficient power transmission. Electronics th

74、eory, when an alternating current through the conductor, the conductor around the formation of alternating electromagnetic fields, called electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic wav</p><p>　　Specifically, the

75、 device consists of two coils, each coil is a self-oscillating system. One transmitter is connected with energy, it does not emit electromagnetic wave out, but to use the oscillator to generate high frequency oscillation

76、 current outward emission of electromagnetic waves through the transmitter coil surrounding the formation of a non-radiative magnetic field, is about to convert electrical energy into magnetic field . When the natural fr

77、equency of the receiving device with the re</p><p>　　3.3 Microwave / Laser - Remote transmission</p><p>　　In theory, the shorter the wavelength of radio waves, the orientation of the better disp

78、ersion smaller. Can take advantage of the remote transmission of electrical energy in the form of microwave or laser to use for the development of new energy to solve energy shortage problem in the future is of great sig

79、nificance. 1968, U.S. engineer Peter Guerra proposed the concept of space solar power Space Solar Power (SSP). The idea is to establish too power base through the microwave energy back to Eart</p><p>　　4 wir

80、eless power technology prospects</p><p>　　Wireless power transmission as a state-of-the-art technology is generally used in special occasions, has broad application prospects.</p><p>　　4.1 to di

81、fficult to set up lines or dangerous areas supply electricity</p><p>　　The mountains, forests, deserts, islands and other land stations often encountered in the erection of power lines difficult problem, and

82、 work in these areas, border posts, radio navigation, satellite monitoring stations, astronomical observation points need to live and work in electricity, The wireless transmission can supplement the lack of electricity.

83、 In addition, wireless transmission technology can give nomadic and other dispersion village transformer power supply and to for the exploitatio</p><p>　　Fourth, the wireless technology is integrated</p&g

84、t;<p>　　The complementary nature of wireless communications technology is becoming increasingly clear. This was reflected in the different access technologies have different coverage, different application areas,

85、different technical characteristics, different access rates. Solve the WAN seamless coverage and mobility needs of strong roaming 3G, WLAN, to resolve the more high-speed data access in the middle distance, UWB can achie

86、ve close ultra-high-speed wireless access.</p><p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　Power Communication Network's network of optical fiber in this way, in the event of natural disasters will be the

87、normal operation of the fiber optic cable poses a serious threat, it is likely the large area of ??interruption of the fiber optic cable, fiber optic cable repair but also in conditions are met, the time required, which

88、will bring about the safe operation of the grid a serious impact on</p><p>　　Wireless communications networking technology</p><p>　　Wireless communications are generally composed by the wireless

89、 base stations, wireless terminal and management server, wireless communications technology based on the technology are: WLAN, WiMax, of WMN, 3G technology.</p><p>　　2.1WLAN technology</p><p>　　

90、2.1.1WLAN is the use of wireless communication technology within a certain scope of local network, is the product of the combination of computer networks and wireless communication technology, wireless multiple access ch

91、annel as a transmission medium to provide the functionality of the traditional wired LAN, enabling users to achieve real anytime, anywhere, free broadband network access. WLAN technology is also known as wi-Fi technology

92、, there are currently three IEEE standards. Wi-Fi coverage u</p><p>　　2.1.2WIAN networking solutions, namely the AC (access control point) + AP (access point) + Wireless LAN + of network management.</p>

93、;<p>　　2.1.3 Although the Wi-Fi technology has been in the application of a very wide range, but it is still on the security there is a certain security risk, the Wi-Fi is a radio frequency (RF) technology to send

94、 and receive data. Since wireless networks use radio waves to transmit data signals, so are very vulnerable to attack from outside.</p><p>　　2.2WiMax technology</p><p>　　2.2.1WiMax technology pr

95、ofile</p><p>　　The standards used by WiMax 802.16d and 802.16e standards, wireless signal transmission distances of up to 50 km. WiMax is an emerging wireless communications technology, can provide high-spee

96、d Internet connection to access the network, applies to stationary and half stationary state, its transfer rate up to 10M-70M or so, can fully meet the demand for broadband Internet access. The 802.16e standard defines t

97、he air, the physical layer and MAC layer, 802.16e access the IP core network can also pr</p><p>　　WiMax is to provide last mile wireless broadband access technology that can replace the existing cable and DS

98、L connections to. WiMax will provide fixed, mobile and portable form of wireless broadband connection, and finally be able to provide wireless broadband connectivity does not require direct line-of-sight base stations.&l