外文翻譯--基于注射成型機性能基礎上的模型演變和再利用技術

1、<p><b>　　中文2955字</b></p><p>　　Model evolvement and reuse technology of injection molding machine based on performance knowledge</p><p>　　1．Introduction</p><p>　　Per

2、formance knowledge occupies an important place in the configuration design of injection molding machines to meet the clients’ performance requirements. And it is one of highlights of product model evolvement and reuse te

3、chnology. The research of performance knowledge mainly fuscous on product configuration modeling which decides the product functions and quality, performance knowledge expression which helps the product design, product m

4、odel evolvement and performance knowledge reuse of inject</p><p>　　Performance knowledge can drive the product design process. In point of fact, injection molding machine’s product model itself evolves dynam

5、ically and the design knowledge should be reused. As a performance knowledge-based design activity, product model evolvement and reuse technology has recently attracted a lot of research and industrial interest. Troxlor

6、presented the management of product design knowledge. The knowledge acquirement, model, retrieve and publishment were studied. Pan researche</p><p>　　Now, there are formidable challenges among the manufactur

7、ing enterprises in the multi-outlet market economy environment. To make injection machines meet the customers’ individual requirements, the research on product model evolvement technology becomes more and more important.

8、 The dynamic evolvement of injection molding machine’s product model and the updating and improvement of performance knowledge demand the further research on injection molding machine’s product. model and performance kno

9、wle</p><p>　　2. Product model dynamics and evolvement driven factors </p><p>　　2.1 Product model dynamics of injection molding machines </p><p>　　Every aspect of the process of in

10、jection molding machine configuration design determines that it is a dynamic process．Its dynamics mainly appear as the following aspects： </p><p>　　(1) Component sets of injection molding machines are dynam

11、ic． </p><p>　　With the evolvement of injection molding machine’s product model, some new components would be added into the sets，and some old components which were eliminated would be deleted from the sets

12、 to perfect or update the completed products ． </p><p>　　(2) Parts of injection molding machine’s components are dynamic.</p><p>　　Some parts in the product model would remodel their materials,

13、 colors and such characters to improve the product model integral performance.</p><p>　　(3) Product models of injection molding machine sale dynamic． </p><p>　　The product models in some design

14、 environment would transform into other models because of design requirements changing． </p><p>　　(4) Completed injection molding machines are dynamic. </p><p>　　In the life-cycle of completel

15、y designed products, one or two parts of the injection molding machines would be updated or maintained． </p><p>　　(5) Customers’ individual requirements of injection molding machines are dynamic． </p>

16、;<p>　　The same customer or different customers’ requirements would be changed in different time or different environment.</p><p>　　2.2 Evolvement driven factors of injection molding machines</p>

17、;<p>　　The evolvement causations of injection molding machines’product model are function improvement，performance elevation，design requirements changing and so on．It specifically appears as the following three asp

18、ects, as shown in Fig.2-1．</p><p>　　Fig.2-1 Evolvement driven factors of injection molding machines</p><p>　　(1) Changing of components in the injection molding machines’product models． </p&

19、gt;<p>　　New function could be obtained by modifying the components．Parts in the components would be updated and replaced．Product structure would be conformed by components compounding or decomposing. </p>

20、<p>　　(2) Perfecting and updating of the injection molding machine performance knowledge． </p><p>　　If one component is assured, the restriction conditions of other optional components would be changed

21、 because the performance knowledge would define the rules and restricts． </p><p>　　(3) Other aspects． </p><p>　　Security and environmental standards are varient in different countries．Individu

22、al requirements and variable rules could drive the evolvement of injection molding machines． </p><p>　　3. Product model evolvement driven by performance knowledge</p><p>　　3.1 Passing and varia

23、nce of performance knowledge</p><p>　　There are mainly two kinds of injection molding machines’ performance knowledge．One is document knowledge (DK). Another is part knowledge (PK)． DK is the visual expressi

24、on and common carrier of injection molding machines’design data．PK is the carrier of injection molding machines’ structure and layer information which isn’t contained by DK.</p><p>　　To record performance kn

25、owledge information in detail and afford facility for products’ updating， maintenance and reuse，upper-layer passing rules are adopted in the injection molding machines’ configuration design． Upper layer performance knowl

26、edge would be evolved when the lower layer configuration has evolved because of the structure and function changing. For example, in Fig.3-1，CK is the upper layer performance knowledge．It comprises CK1 and CK2 which are

27、lower layer performance knowledge．Wh</p><p>　　Fig.3-1 Performance knowledge’s upper-layer passing rule</p><p>　　There are two modes of injection molding machines’ performance knowledge variance．

28、One is the modification of former performance knowledge．The basic properties (such as function，structure，unit，exterior interface and so on) of performance knowledge itself don’t vary． Some property definitions of perform

29、ance knowledge could be varied only．Another is the transformation of performance knowledge version．The properties of performance knowledge itself could be varied．It is one kind of the radical mode．A</p><p>　

30、　3.2 Product model evolvement of the injection molding machine</p><p>　　Product model evolvement of the injection molding machine can be divided into three levels due to the injection molding machine perform

31、ance knowledge，as shown in Fig.3-2</p><p>　　Fig.3-2 Levels of injection molding machine’s product model evolvement</p><p>　　The first level is the description layer of injection molding machines

32、’ performance knowledge．It could be maintained to a certain extent． </p><p>　　The second level records models and former evolvement the product configuration history information based on the first level．<

33、/p><p>　　The third level is a perfect design environment which contains the passing and variance of injection molding machines’ performance knowledge．The differences between two tools could be realized．And the

34、products could be improved in any time.</p><p>　　A structured and understandable method of describing product model evolvement is one of goals which we want to achieve．At present, the research on the product

35、 model evolvement mainly focuses on the first level．The passing and variance information of product model would not be considered．The newest product model would be used all the time．These parts of performance knowledge a

36、re neglected．</p><p>　　In the practical injection molding machines’ configuration design, the passing and variance information of product model drive the product model to evolve directly because of all kinds

37、 of causations. In the process of product performance knowledge passing and variance，the product model could be evolved．And it is the upper layer evolvement also is kind of injection molding machines’ evolvement mode cou

38、ld record the process of product model and performance knowledge evolvement effectively and part</p><p>　　Fig.3-3 Evolvement of product model</p><p>　　4. Reuse of injection molding machines’ per

39、formance knowledge</p><p>　　4.1 Definition of performance knowledge reuse</p><p>　　The reuse of configuration design can be defined as “giving a former product instance, a customer’s requirement

40、s set and a new product model to obtain a new injection molding machine’s instance which could meet the customer’s requirements set.”</p><p>　　A concept model of injection molding machine is shown as follows

41、:</p><p><b>　　Inputs:</b></p><p>　　R: Injection molding machine’s instance results;</p><p>　　Md: Injection molding machine’s requirement model;</p><p>　　ReM

42、d: Reuse model of injection molding machine’s performance knowledge;</p><p>　　F(R,R r): Restriction functions.</p><p><b>　　Outputs:</b></p><p>　　Rr: Result of injection

43、molding machine’s performance knowledge reuse;</p><p>　　r1, r2 … rn: Operation series of tool’s performance knowledge reuse.</p><p><b>　　An d： </b></p><p>　　Rr Md；Rr R

44、eMd；Rr = (rl，r2 … rn)R; Rr is the most optimized.</p><p>　　“ ” means satisfaction. The conformation and application of F (R, Rr) are related to practical application domain. The former knowledge should be m

45、odified as little as the best of one’s abilities. And the lower cost project should be adopted.</p><p>　　4.2 Realization arithmetic of performance knowledge reuse</p><p>　　Realizing the injectio

46、n molding machines’ performance knowledge reuse falls into the third level of the product model evolvement. The preconditions are all kinds of information which should be established in the first and second level. The pr

47、oduct model is PM1 in the time T1. There is a design Rr1 according to the customer’s requirements CR1. The product model becomes PM2 in the time T2. And the customer’s requirements are CR2.</p><p>　　The main

48、 thought of reuse arithmetic is described as follows, and is shown in Fig.4-1.</p><p>　　Fig.4-1 Main thought of reuse arithmetic</p><p>　　Step 1: The customer’s new requirements (CR2) should be

49、confirmed at present, and the conformable product model (PM2) should be ensured also;</p><p>　　Step 2: Configure a new virtual design product (VDP2) using the conformable product model (PM2) and new customer

50、’s requirements (CR2);</p><p>　　Step 3: Check parts in the VDP2 one by one. Operations on each part are as follows;</p><p>　　If the part exists in VDP2, but doesn’t in P1’, add the part into P1’

51、;</p><p>　　If the part doesn’t exist in VDP2, but it exists in P1’, delete the part from P1’;</p><p>　　If the part exists in VDP2 and P1’, but the structures are different, replace the part of P

52、1’;</p><p>　　If there are unchecked parts in VDP2, go back to Step 1;</p><p>　　Step 4: Result of the configuration design reuse P2= P1’;</p><p>　　Step 5: The end.</p><p&g

53、t;　　5. Example</p><p>　　The HT1800X1N series injection molding machines as an example to illuminate the injection molding machines’ product model evolvement and performance knowledge reuse. Using the technol

54、ogy of model evolvement and reuse above, a system of computer aided product configuration design is developed based on product performance knowledge. Fig.5-1 shows the HT1800X1N series injection molding machines’ model e

55、volvement process.</p><p>　　Fig.5-1 HT1800X1N series injection molding machines model evolvement process</p><p>　　6. Conclusion</p><p>　　Product model evolvement and performance kno

56、wledge reuse are the absolutely necessary segment of the injection molding machines’ design. With the adoption of the configuration design of the injection molding machine, research on the performance knowledge reuse bec

57、omes more and more important. Firstly, dynamics of injection molding machines’ product model are analyzed. Secondly, the product model evolvement of the injection molding machine is divided into three levels. Practical a

58、nd effective rea</p><p>　　基于注射成型機性能基礎上的模型演變和再利用技術</p><p><b>　　1.導論</b></p><p>　　注塑機的性能技術在配置設計中占有重要地位，以滿足客戶對性能的要求，這是一個突出的產(chǎn)品模型的演變和再利用技術。性能技術的研究主要關注于產(chǎn)品的配置建模，這決定了產(chǎn)品的性能和質(zhì)量，性能

59、技術的表達有助于產(chǎn)品設計、產(chǎn)品模型的演變和注塑機性能技術的重用。</p><p>　　性能技術可以驅(qū)動的產(chǎn)品的設計過程。事實上，注塑機生產(chǎn)模式本身的發(fā)展動態(tài)和設計知識應該重復使用。作為一種以性能技術為基礎的設計活動，產(chǎn)品模型的演變和再利用技術最近吸引了大量研究和產(chǎn)業(yè)的興趣。Troxlor介紹了產(chǎn)品設計管理的有關知識，在知識獲取、建模、檢索和出版這幾個方面作了研究。Pan研究了以知識和知識模型的展示為基礎的產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新

60、設計技術。Tan介紹了多種方式來表達大規(guī)模定制模式的知識配置。Waterson證實了以知識基礎為系統(tǒng)的本體論承諾。在現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品設計方法中，就必定有一些產(chǎn)品型號和性能演變的歷史知識的管理和維修問題。否則，舊的知識、完成了性能的產(chǎn)品應加以更新和完善，因為功能在改進、顧客的要求在改變等等。也就是說，性能技術和設計結(jié)果應是基于當前產(chǎn)品模型的改進和修改，使之成為一個新的注塑機產(chǎn)品，以滿足新的設計要求。與原來的產(chǎn)品相比，新的注塑機必須有類似的結(jié)構(gòu)、協(xié)

61、調(diào)能力或強大的功能。在注塑機的產(chǎn)品型號不斷演變過程中，注塑機的性能得到不斷地完善和豐富。</p><p>　　現(xiàn)在，在多出口的市場經(jīng)濟環(huán)境下，制造業(yè)面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。注塑機生產(chǎn)模式的動態(tài)演變、更新和改進業(yè)績方面，需要對注塑機的產(chǎn)品、模型及性能技術重用技術進行一步研究。</p><p>　　2. 產(chǎn)品模型動態(tài)演化的驅(qū)動因素</p><p>　　2.1注射成型機產(chǎn)品的動

62、態(tài)模型</p><p>　　注塑機配置設置過程中的各個方面決定了它是一個動態(tài)的過程。它的動態(tài)主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：</p><p>　　（1）注射機的各組件是動態(tài)的</p><p>　　根據(jù)注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的演變,一些新的部件將被添加到設備中,舊元件都將被刪除掉以完善和更新產(chǎn)品。</p><p>　　（2）注射機部件的組成元件是動態(tài)的<

63、/p><p>　　產(chǎn)品模型中的一些部件將重塑材料、色彩等特點,以提高產(chǎn)品模型的整體外觀。</p><p>　　（3）注射機產(chǎn)品型號的銷售動態(tài)</p><p>　　因為設計要求改變，該產(chǎn)品型號在某些設計環(huán)境中將轉(zhuǎn)化為其他模式。</p><p>　?。?）整個注射機是動態(tài)的</p><p>　　在產(chǎn)品完全設計的生命周期里，注射

64、機的一個或兩個部件將被更新或維持。</p><p>　　（5）客戶對注塑機的個別需求是動態(tài)的</p><p>　　同一客戶或不同客戶的需求在不同時間或不同的環(huán)境將發(fā)生變化。</p><p>　　2.2注塑機演變的驅(qū)動因素</p><p>　　注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的演變原因是功能的改進、性能的提升、設計要求的改變等等。它明確顯示在以下三個方面，如圖2

65、-1所示。</p><p>　　圖2-1注塑機演變的驅(qū)動因素</p><p>　?。?）注射機部件產(chǎn)品模型的改變</p><p>　　通過改變元件可以獲得新功能，組成元件中的各部分將被更新和取代。產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)將符合復雜的組成部分或分支部分。</p><p>　　（2）注射機性能的完善和更新</p><p>　　如果是有保證

66、的一個組成部分，限制條件的其他可選組件將會改變，因為性能將確定其規(guī)則和限制。</p><p><b>　?。?）其他方面</b></p><p>　　安全和環(huán)境標準在不同的國家是不同的，個別的需求和規(guī)則的可變驅(qū)動著注塑機的演變。</p><p>　　3.性能技術推動著產(chǎn)品模型的演變</p><p>　　3.1性能的傳遞和

67、變化</p><p>　　注射機的性能技術主要有兩種，一種是文件技術（DK），另一種是部件技術（PK）。DK是視覺表達和注射機設計參數(shù)的公共承載者。PK是注射機結(jié)構(gòu)和層次信息的承擔者（不包含DK）。</p><p>　　為了詳細地記錄注射機的性能信息，并提供設備以更新、維護和重新利用產(chǎn)品，以及上層傳遞規(guī)則通過在注塑機上的配置設計。當下層結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)演變時，上層性能技術也將演變，這是因為結(jié)構(gòu)和功

68、能發(fā)生變化。例如，如圖3-1所示，CK是上層性能技術，它由CK1和CK2兩個下層性能技術組成。當CK1從V1演變到V2時，ＣＫ將從V1演變到V3。</p><p>　　圖3-1性能技術的上層傳遞規(guī)則</p><p>　　注射機性能有兩種方式的變化，一種是對前性能技術修改，性能技術的基本特點（如功能，結(jié)構(gòu)，單元，外部接口等）沒有變化，一些性能技術的定義只能多種多樣。另一個是性能技術的版轉(zhuǎn)化，

69、性能技術的特點本身可以不同，這是一種激進的方式。在注射機的結(jié)構(gòu)設計中，這是一種增強功能、提高性能的重要方法。</p><p>　　3.2注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的演變</p><p>　　根據(jù)注塑機的性能技術，注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的演變可分為三個層次，如圖3-2所示。</p><p>　　圖3-2注塑機的產(chǎn)品模型層次的演變</p><p>　　第一個層次是注

70、塑機性能技術的描述層，它可以保持在一定程度上。</p><p>　　第二個層次記錄前演化模型和在第一級基礎上的產(chǎn)品配置的歷史資料。</p><p>　　第三個層次是一個完美的設計環(huán)境，包含了注射機性能技術的傳遞和演變。兩個工具之間的差異可以實現(xiàn)的，并且產(chǎn)品可以在任何時候得到改善。</p><p>　　獲得一個有條理、容易理解的方法來描述產(chǎn)品，是我們要達到的目標。目前

71、，產(chǎn)品型號演變的研究主要集中在第一級，沒有考慮到產(chǎn)品型號的傳遞和變化。最新的產(chǎn)品模式將被隨時采用，忽略了這些部件的性能技術。</p><p>　　因為種種原因，在注塑機的實際配置設計，產(chǎn)品模型的傳遞和變化推動著產(chǎn)品模型的演變。在產(chǎn)品性能的傳遞和變化過程中，產(chǎn)品模型也得到了演變。這是上層的演變，也是一種注塑機演化模式，可以有效地記錄產(chǎn)品型號和性能技術的演變過程，如圖3-3所示。第四部分P4由V1演變到V2，導致元件

72、C1從V1演變到V2，產(chǎn)品模型PM同樣從V0演變到V1。當性能技術演變時，產(chǎn)品型號可以使用最新的性能技術以實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品模型的演變。</p><p>　　圖3-3 產(chǎn)品模型的演變</p><p>　　4注塑機性能技術的重復利用</p><p>　　4.1性能技術重復利用的定義</p><p>　　配置設計的反復利用可以被定義為“以前產(chǎn)品為例，客戶的

73、要求和新的產(chǎn)品型號能獲得新的注塑機可滿足客戶的要求。”</p><p>　　注塑機的模型概念如下所示：</p><p><b>　　Inputs：</b></p><p>　　R：注塑機的實例結(jié)果</p><p>　　ReMd：注塑機模型性能技術反復利用</p><p>　　F(R,R r)：限制

74、功能</p><p><b>　　Outputs：</b></p><p>　　Rr：注塑機性能技術的反復利用</p><p>　　r1, r2 … rn：運行一系列工具的性能技術反復利用</p><p><b>　　And：</b></p><p>　　Rr Md；Rr R

75、eMd；Rr = (rl，r2 … rn)R；Rr是最優(yōu)化</p><p>　　“”的意思是滿足。F(R, Rr) 的構(gòu)造及其應用涉及到實際應用領域。前者的知識應該像自己最好的的能力一樣修改的越少越好，并且應采用低成本項目。</p><p>　　4.2性能技術重復利用的算法實現(xiàn)</p><p>　　實現(xiàn)注塑機的性能技術的反復利用應是第三層次產(chǎn)品模型的演變。各種各樣的

76、信息是前提,這些信息應該是建立在第一和第二層次之上。該產(chǎn)品模型是在時間T1的PM1，有一種是根據(jù)客戶的要求CR1的設計Rr1。產(chǎn)品模型在時間T2變成了PM2，并且顧客的要求變成了CR2。</p><p>　　算法的主要思想如下，如圖4-1所示。</p><p>　　圖4-1重新利用算法的主要思想</p><p>　　第一步：客戶的新要求(CR2)應該被證實,當前一體

77、化產(chǎn)品模型（PM2)應得到保證；</p><p>　　第二步：設定一個新的采用一體化產(chǎn)品模型（PM2）的虛擬設計(VDP2)和新客戶的要求（CR2）。</p><p>　　第三步：在VDP2中逐個檢查每一部分，每個部分的操作如下：</p><p>　　如果這個部分在VDP2中，而不在P1’中，將其添加到P1’中；</p><p>　　如果這個

78、部分不在VDP2中，而在P1’中，將其P1’中刪除；</p><p>　　如果這個部分既在VDP2中又在P1’中，而結(jié)構(gòu)又不同，將這個部分用P1’代替；</p><p>　　如果在VDP2中有未檢測到的部分，返回到第一步；</p><p>　　第四步：配置設計重新利用的結(jié)果是P2=P1；</p><p><b>　　第五步：結(jié)束。&

79、lt;/b></p><p><b>　　5實例</b></p><p>　　以HT1800X1N系列注塑機為例, 闡釋了注塑機產(chǎn)品模型和性能演化的重復利用。使用以上這種模型演變和復用技術, 計算機輔助產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)設計系統(tǒng)是基于產(chǎn)品性能而設計的。圖5-1展示了HT1800X1N系列注塑機模型演變的過程。</p><p>　　圖5-1HT180

80、0X1N系列注塑機模型演變的過程</p><p><b>　　6結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　產(chǎn)品模型演變和性能技術的重復利用是注塑機設計必不可少的組成部分。隨著注塑機結(jié)構(gòu)設計的采用，關于性能技術重復利用方面的研究變的越來越重要。首先，分析了注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的動態(tài)。其次，注塑機產(chǎn)品模型的演變被分成了三個層次。實現(xiàn)性能技術有了實際有效地算法。最后，以HT1800X1N