初中英語作文訓(xùn)練

1、一、過渡詞的種類1.根據(jù)意思和作用的不同，過渡詞可以分為以下十五類：（1）表并列關(guān)系的過渡詞:alsoaswellaswellas，toonotonly...butalsoboth...either...neither...n（2）表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡詞:besidesinaddition（加之，除……之外）meover(此外，而且)what’sme（更重要的是），what’swse（更糟糕的是）（3）表轉(zhuǎn)折對比的過渡詞：buthoweve

2、ryetinsteadontheotherhonthecontrary(相反)althoughdespiteinspiteofwhereas（而）unlikenevertheless（然而）notonly...butalsohere...thereyearsago...todaythis...thatthefmer...thelatterthen...nowthefirst...whereasthesecondonce...nowont

3、heoneh...ontheotherhsome...others（4）表原因的過渡詞:becausebecauseofsinceasfnowthatthankstodueto（由于）（5）表結(jié)果的過渡詞:sothustherefeasaresultsothatthenthereby（從而）hence（因此）so...thatsuch...that（6）表?xiàng)l件的過渡詞:ifunlessonconditionthat（條件是）assolo

4、ngas（只要）（7）表時(shí)間的過渡詞:whenwhileafterbefeuntilassoonaslaterafterwards（事后）soonlatelyrecentlysincefromthenoneventuallyinthemeantimethensuddenlyatthesametimenextearlythismningyearcenturyafterawhileinafewdaysnowpresentlyfinallya

5、tlastallofasuddenfromnowonatpresentimmediatelythemoment（8）表特定的順序關(guān)系的過渡詞:firstfirstlysecondsecondlythirdthirdlyaboveallfirstofallthennextfinallyintheendatlastafterward(s)（后來）meanwhile（幾乎同時(shí)）thereafter（在那以后）lastfinallyeventu

6、ally（終于）（9）表換一種方式表達(dá)的過渡詞:inotherwdsthatistosaytoputitanotherway（10）表進(jìn)行舉例說明的過渡詞:finstancefexamplelikesuchas（11）表陳述事實(shí)的過渡詞:infactactuallyasamatteroffacttotellyouthetruth（12）表強(qiáng)調(diào)的過渡詞:certainlyindeedaboveallsurelymostimptantinf

7、actnodoubtwithoutanydoubttrulyobviously（13）表比較的過渡詞：likeunlikeinthesamewaysimilarlysimilarto（14）表目的的過渡詞：fthisreasonfthispurpose(為此)sothatindertosoasto（15）表總結(jié)的過渡詞:inawd(總之，簡言之)ingeneralinsht(總之)aboveallafterallgenerallyspe

8、akingtosumupfinallyinconclusionatlastinsummary2.文章段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系主要由過渡詞來完成，在修辭中稱為啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合?！皢ⅰ本褪情_頭“承”是承接，“轉(zhuǎn)”是轉(zhuǎn)折，“合”是綜合或總結(jié)。（1）用于“啟”的過渡詞語(常用在段落或文章的開頭)firstfirstofallatfirstinthefirstplacefirstlytostartwithrecentlynowatpresentinrec

9、entyearsingeneralgenerallyspeakingatpresentlatelycurrentlyItisoftensaidthat...Astheproverbsays...Itgoeswithoutsayingthat...Itisclearobviousthat...Manypeopleoftenask...（2）用于“承”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落中的第一個(gè)擴(kuò)展句中)secondsimilarlyinadditi

10、onbesidesthenfurthermemeoverwhatismewhatiswsefexamplefinstancecertainlysurelyobviouslyinotherwdsespeciallyparticularlyinparticularindeedstillthirdtrulyinfactatthesametimenodoubt，Itistruethat...Everybodyknowsthat...Itcanb

11、eeasilyprovedthat...Noonecandenythat...Thereasonwhy...isthat...Thereisnodoubtthat...Totake...fanexample(instance)...Weknowthat...Whatismeseriousisthat...（3）用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落中的第二個(gè)擴(kuò)展句中)buthoweverontheotherhonthecontraryinc

12、ontrastinanycaseatanyrate(無論如何)nevertheless(雖然如此)otherwiseelsewhilewhereasbutdespiteinspiteof...yetinsteadIdonotbelievethat...Perhapsyou’llaskwhy...Thismaybetruebutwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto...Thoughweareinbasicagre

13、ementwith...yetdifferenceswillbefoundThat’swhyIfeelthat...（4）用于“合”的過渡詞語(通常用在段落的結(jié)論句或文章的結(jié)論段中)inawdingeneralinshtaboveallafterallgenerallyspeaking，tosumupfinallyinconclusionatlastinsummarytherefeasaresultaboveallthus，aftera

14、ll(畢竟)eventuallyhenceinshtinconclusioninawdinsum(總之)onthewhole(就整體而言)tosumupFromthispointofview...Onaccountofthiswecanfindthat...Theresultisdependenton...Thusthisisthereasonwhywemust...二、過渡詞的應(yīng)用實(shí)例childrenarenotproficienti

15、nthefeignlanguagebefegoingabroad.Asaresulttheyhavedifficultyinunderstingwhatthenativespeakersaretalkingabout.Thirdtheymaygetintotroublewhendealingwithvarioussituationsflackofknowledgeofthecustomsinthestrangel.Furthermeth

16、ecostoflivingismuchhigherthanthatinourcountrywhichmightcauseaheavyburdentothefamily.Inconclusiontherearemedisadvantagesinsendingchildrentostudyabroad.Sowe’dbetternotdoit.試題試題11.觀察下圖。根據(jù)圖示和參考詞語，適當(dāng)拓展想象空間，以Whyaretreesimptant

17、為標(biāo)題，用英語寫一篇不少于80個(gè)詞的短語。注意：(1)短文應(yīng)切中題意，條理清楚，詞句通順，書寫清晰、規(guī)范。(2)短文第一句話已給出。參考詞語：takeincarbondioxide吸收二氧化碳；oxygen氧氣；insect昆蟲；stopwatersoilfromgoingaway防止水土流失；desert沙漠。[解析]1.認(rèn)真審題：本題已給出題目，我們可以根據(jù)題目，用提示詞和圖示為線索展開書寫。2.確定要素：①樹能吸收二氧化碳，釋放氧

18、氣。②樹能給鳥類提供家園。③樹能為某些小動(dòng)物提供食物。④樹能阻止水土流失。⑤樹能防止土壤沙漠化。⑥植樹造林，美化家園。范文：WhyaretreesimptantTreesareveryimptanttous.DoyouknowwhyLetmetellyou.Treestakeincarbondioxidefromtheairmakeoxygen.That’simptant.Peopleanimalsneedoxygentolive.Ma

19、nysmallanimalsinsectsliveinthetrees.Someofthemalsogetfoodfromtrees.Treescanalsostopwatersoilfromgoingaway.Ifwehavealotoftreestheycanstoplfrombeingdesert.Ithinkthisisveryimptant.Youknowtreesaregreen.Theycanmakeourcountrye

20、venmebeautiful.Treesareourgoodfriends.Weshouldplantmetreestakegoodcareofthem.試題試題2小明做了一個(gè)夢。他夢見自己為北京奧運(yùn)會做一名志愿者：他努力幫助來自世界各國的外國朋友……在交談中，小明讓外國朋友更多地了解北京。外國朋友感謝小明，并認(rèn)為小明的英語非常好。小明很高興，他甜蜜地笑了……請你根據(jù)設(shè)定的夢境并加以想象，寫一段80詞左右的短文。開始語和結(jié)束語均已給出（

21、不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。內(nèi)容要求：（1）幫助外國朋友；（2）與外國朋友交談；（3）感謝小明；（4）小明很高興。詞匯參考：詞匯參考：try（do）onesbest，find（that），），heavy（lost），），carry（show，take），），taxi（car，bike），），ontheway，talkwith（about）（開頭已給出）XiaoMinghadadream（夢）lastnight.Inthedream，hevolunt

22、eeredtoserve（志愿列隊(duì)）theBeijingOlympics.范文：XiaoMinghadadreamlastnight.Inthedream，hevolunteeredtoservetheBeijingOlympics.Hetriedhisbesttohelpthefeignfriendsfromdifferentcountries.Whenhefoundafeignfriendwriedinthestreet，hewen