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1、1附錄附錄1：SCMisalsoknownasmicrocontroller(MicrocontrollerUnit)commonlyusedlettersoftheacronymMCUthatitwasfirstusedinindustrialcontrol.OnlyasinglechipbytheCPUchipdevelopedfromadedicatedprocess.Thefirstdesignisbyalargenumbero

2、fperipheralsCPUonachipinthecomputersystemsmallermeeasilyintegratedintoacomplexdemingonthevolumecontroldevicewhich.INTELsZ80isthefirstdesignedinaccdancewiththisideaprocessthenonthedevelopmentofmicrocontrollerdedicatedproc

3、essshavepartedways.Are8bitmicrocontrollerearly4bits.OneofthemostsuccessfulistheINTEL8031fasimplereliablegoodperfmancewasalotofpraise.Thendevelopedin8031outofMCS51MCUSystems.SCMsystemsbasedonthissystemuntilnowisstillwidel

4、yused.Withtheincreasedrequirementsofindustrialcontrolfieldbegana16bitmicrocontrollerbecausethecostisnotsatisfactybuthavenotbeenverywidelyused.After90yearswiththegreatdevelopmentofconsumerelectronicsmicrocontrollertechnol

5、ogyhasbeenahugeincrease.WithINTELi960seriesespeciallythelaterseriesofwidelyusedARM32bitmicrocontrollerquicklyreplacehighend16bitMCUstatusenterthemainstreammarket.Thetraditional8bitmicrocontrollerperfmancehavebeentherapid

6、increasecapacityincreasecomparedto80thenumberoftimes.Currentlyhighend32bitmicrocontrollerclockedover300MHztheperfmancecatchingthe90sdedicatedprocesswhiletheaveragemodelpricesfalltooneU.S.dollarsthemosthighendmodelonly10d

7、ollars.ModernSCMsystemsarenolongeronlyinthedevelopmentuseofbaremetalenvironmentalargenumberofproprietaryembeddedoperatingsystemiswidelyusedinthefullrangeofSCM.Thehheldcomputerscellphonesastheceprocessingofhighendmicrocon

8、trollercanevenuseadedicatedWindowsLinuxoperatingsystems.SCMismesuitablethanthespecificprocessusedinembeddedsystemssoitwasuptotheapplication.InfactthenumberofSCMisthewldslargestcomputer.Modernhumanlifeusedinalmosteverypie

9、ceofelectronicmechanicalproductswillbeintegratedsinglechip.Phonetelephonecalculathomeapplianceselectronictoyshheldcomputerscomputeraccessiessuchasamousewitha12inboththeDepartmentofSCM.Personalcomputerwillhavealargenumber

10、ofSCMinthewk.Generalcarwithmethan40SCM3CPUnotashardasamassstagedevice.AvisualizationofsmallhighlevellanguageprogramwhichevenifonlyonebuttonwillreachtensofKofsize!FthehomePCsharddriveintermsofnothingbutintermsoftheMCUisno

11、tacceptable.SCMintheutilizationofhardwareresourcestobeveryhighfthejobsoalthoughtheiginalisstillinthecompilationofalotofuse.ThesametokenifthegiantcomputeroperatingsystemapplicationsrunuptogethomePChomePCalsocannotaffdto.C

12、anbesaidthatthetwentiethcenturyacrossthethree“power“erathatistheageofelectricitytheelectronicagehasenteredintothecomputerage.HoweverthiscomputerusuallyreferstothepersonalcomputerreferredtoasPC.Itconsistsofthehostkeyboard

13、monitothercomponents.Anothertypeofcomputermostpeopledonotknowhow.Thiscomputeristogiveallkindsofintelligentmachinessinglechip(alsoknownasmicrocontroller).Asthenamesuggeststhiscomputersystemtookonlyaminimalintegratedcircui

14、tcanbeasimpleoperationcontrol.Becauseitissmallusuallyhiddeninthegedmechanical“stomach“in.Itisinthedevicelikethehumanbrainplaysaroleitgoeswrongthewholeplantwasparalyzed.Nowthismicrocontrollerhasaverybroadfieldofusesuchass

15、martmetersrealtimeindustrialcontrolcommunicationsequipmentnavigationsystemshouseholdappliances.OnceallkindsofproductswereusingSCMcanservetoupgradetheeffectivenessofproductsoftenintheproductnameprecededbytheadjective“inte

16、lligent“suchasintelligentwashingmachines.Nowsometechnicalpersonneloffactiesotheramateurelectronicsdeveloperstoengageinoutofcertainproductsnotthecircuitistoocomplicatedthatfunctionistoosimplecaneasilybecopied.Thereasonmay

17、bestuckintheproductdidnotuseamicrocontrollerotherprogrammablelogicdevice.SCMhistySCMwasbninthelate20thcentury70experiencedSCMMCUSOCthreestages.Firstmodel1.SCMthesinglechipmicrocomputer(SingleChipMicrocomputer)stagemainly

18、seekingthebestofthebestsinglefmofembeddedsystemsarchitecture.“Innovationmodel“successlayingtheSCMgeneralcomputercompletelydifferentpathofdevelopment.IntheopenroadofindependentdevelopmentofembeddedsystemsIntelCpationcontr

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