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1、The application of the Galerkin finite element method to the dynamic analysis of fluid-conveying curved pipe is presented. The governing equation of the system is discretized by approximiting the pipe with b-spline fun
2、ctions and the Newmark direct integration is employed in solving this system of equations,in terms of displacement. In addition to dynamic responses, force analysis is of vital importance for engineering design.
3、 But accuracy is unwarranted, in evaluating the forces by numerical differentiation from the solved displacements. A software of stiffness matrix formulation for curved pipes with arbitrarily shaped centreline is devel
4、oped. Correct answers from displacements to forces are thus delivered. The limitations of the applications of Galerkin's method to finding second-or higher-order derivatives of the unknown functions are pointed out
5、. Numerical examples of non-uniformly curvedpipes are illustrated. Dynamic and stability analysis of circularly shaped pipes with various end conditions are also implemented. The computed values agree with the kno
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