[雙語翻譯]--外文翻譯--服裝設(shè)計模擬褶皺的織物模型（英文）

1、 Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 28 (7) (2014) 2453~2458 www.springerlink.com/content/1738-494x DOI 10.1007/s12206-014-0602-8 Fabric model for clothing design by wrinkle simulation? Ayumi Hara1, Hideki Aoya

2、ma2,* and Tetsuo Oya2 1School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan 2Department of System Design Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan (Manuscript Received October 11, 2013; Revised

3、February 26, 2014; Accepted April 28, 2014) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4、--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract During the design process in clothing production, fashion designers must imagine the state of the f

5、abric used. The state of wrinkles formed on fabric according to human posture and movements is an important design element. However, the selection process of the fab- ric for realizing the design envisioned by the desig

6、ner takes a lot of time and effort. By using clothing simulation, it is possible to identify the parameters of weave and mechanical properties of the yarn fabric for realizing the design that the designer requires, and

7、this can fa- cilitate the selection process. Many fabric models taking into account the mechanical properties of fabric based on mass spring models have been proposed, but none of the models proposed take into account t

8、he state of friction and slipping at the contact point of the warp and weft. In this paper, a method for setting the weave and mechanical properties of the fabric as parameters in order to simulate a state in which the

9、 fabric covers an object or human, and a system based on this method were proposed. The proposed system can perform simple simulation using a mass spring model that takes into account slipping at the contact points of t

10、he warp and weft of the fabric worn. Keywords: Clothing design; Fabric design; Fabric model; Wrinkle simulation -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

11、----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Introduction Clothes are manufactured

12、 for an unspecified large number of people as industrial products using machines at factories. The design process is very important in clothing production as design of the clothes produced must meet consumer taste and

13、 lifestyle, in addition to meeting quality and performance de- mands. However, in most cases, the design process is inefficient because fashion designers must draw the three-dimensional images of the design in their h

14、ead in two dimensions on pa- pers, and make the clothes in three dimensions. Furthermore, the selection process of the fabric for realizing the design en- visaged by the designer takes a lot of time and effort because

15、they need to imagine the state of wrinkles formed on fabric according to human posture and movements. By using cloth- ing simulation, it is possible to identify the parameters of weave and mechanical properties of the

16、yarn fabric for realiz- ing the design that the designer requires, and this can facilitate the selection process. Furthermore, if there is no ready-made fabric, designers can present the parameters as specifications w

17、hen placing fabric orders. Clothing simulation has been studied in both the CG and textile engineering fields [1]. In the CG field, research is car- ried out for the purpose of application to CG animation for games an

18、d movies mainly. Choi et al. reproduced the defor- mation of fabric taking into account bending and stretching [2]. However, they encountered the problem that fabric stretches unnaturally because it is approximated by

19、the spring force of the bending and stretching. Rony et al. also simulated the de- formation of fabrics that are difficult to stretch, such as denim fabric, by limiting the stretching of the fabric [3]. Kuwazuru et al

20、. proposed a quasi-continuum model enabling stress and deformation analysis of plain weave fabric based on the rela- tionship of displacement and strain [4, 5]. However, in these studies, since the fabrics are modeled

21、as elastic material sheets, the differences in the strength of the warp and weft according to the fabric type are not considered. In addition, given that there exist many fabric properties, stud- ies specializing in t

22、he reproduction of some of these properties have also been carried out. Sato et al. represented crease as a property which maintains the folded state of fabric [6]. Saka- moto et al. developed a fabric program taking i

23、nto account collision with other objects and self-collisions [7, 8]. Mitsui et al. carried out correct buckling representation using measure- ment data [9]. Napaporn et al. proposed a fabric modeling method that can b

24、e used to express the fray and tear of fabric caused by pulling with a force above the limit [10]. At the place where the tear occurs, the fabric mass is divided into warp and weft so that it can move freely. The fabr

25、ic simulator *Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 45 566 1722, Fax.: +881 45 566 1720 E-mail address: haoyama@sd.keio.ac.jp ? Recommended by Associate Editor Gil Ho Yoon © KSME & Springer 2013 A. Hara et al. / Jou

26、rnal of Mechanical Science and Technology 28 (7) (2014) 2453~2458 2455 between shear angle and shear force. Deformation is approxi- mately linear from these figures. For this reason, stretching property, bending proper

27、ty, shear property can be approxi- mated using a spring that models the characteristics. 2.2.1 Stretching property Fig. 3(a) shows the warp mass to be connected to the upper and lower masses, and weft mass to be connec

28、ted to the masses on the left and right. If the distance between two parti- cles is longer than the natural length, the force for returning to the original state to prevent excessive stretching of the fabric is applie

29、d. The force acting on mass i due to the stretching deformation between mass i and j can be expressed by the following formula [2]: ( )ijijstretch ij k L = - x f x x(1) where k is spring constant, L is natural length,

30、xij is directional vector from mass j to mass i. Through this approximation using spring force, it is possible to express the stretching properties. 2.2.2 Bending property If the distance between two particles is sho

31、rter than natural length, bending of the fabric produces wrinkles. As shown in Fig. 3(b), mass is connected to the mass point at the position where one mass is skipped in the up/down, left/right, and di- agonal direct

32、ions. It is assumed that bending has occurred in the skipped mass. Curvature c can be expressed by the natural length L and the distance |xij | between mass points as shown below [2]. 1 2 sinc ij c L L- æ ö &

33、#231; ÷ = ç ÷ è øx(2) where ( ) sin sinc x x x = ． The force acting on mass i due to the bending deformation between mass i and j can be expressed by the following for- mula: 12 cos sinc 2 2 ij

34、ijbending cL cL Rc- æ ö æ ö = - ç ÷ ç ÷ è ø è øx f x(3) ( ) ijijijb f º x x x(4) where R is bending stiffness. Linearity of load to reach the buckling loa

35、d can be ex- pressed using fb. If ( ) b b ij c L < - f x , replace fb with fb *. ( ) * . ij b b f c L = - x(5) cb takes a value equal to k. Then it is possible to express natural wrinkles for bending. 2.2.3 Shear pr

36、operty Shear deformation is bending the crossing angle of warp and weft, and φ is shear angle, F is shear force shown in Fig. 3(c). Shear resistance is introduced as a force for preventing shear deformation. As shown

37、 in Fig. 3(d), a spring is con- nected to the mass point adjacent to the oblique direction from the mass point. The force acting on mass i due to the share deformation be- tween masses i and j can be expressed by the

38、following Eq. (6): ( ) 2ijijshear ij k L = - x f x x(6) where the natural length is a value obtained by multiplying the natural length of Eq. (1). 3. Construction of the basic design system In this section, the dynamic

39、s calculation method for mass- spring model is discussed, followed by an outline of the simu- lation process carried out on the foundation design support system using the proposed model. (a) Stretching property