[雙語翻譯]人才流失外文翻譯--將人才流失轉(zhuǎn)化為人才獲取來自羅馬尼亞醫(yī)療部門的證據(jù)（英文）

1、 Procedia Economics and Finance 20 ( 2015 ) 80 – 87 2212-5671 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

2、by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi. doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00050-7 ScienceDirectAvailable online at www.s

3、ciencedirect.com7th International Conference on Globalization and Higher Education in Economics and Business Administration, GEBA 2013 Turning brain drain into brain gain: evidence from Romania’s medical sector Irina B

4、oncea*Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Pta Romana, No 6, Bucharest, Romania Abstract This article aims to investigate Romania’s potential of turning medical brain drain into brain gain, focusing on three directi

5、ons of study: the return intention, the diaspora option and the remittances. The nature of the study is exploratory. A survey was conducted among Romanian physicians (trained in Romania) with an international work expe

6、rience (currently working abroad or those who worked abroad and returned). Data collected was analyzed using SPSS 19. The main findings constitute a valuable instrument for policy makers in the health system, offering

7、an overview of the possible areas of intervention. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Alexandru I

8、oan Cuza University of Iasi. Keywords: brain gain; return migration; diaspora; remittances; Romania 1. Introduction Literature on medical brain drain evolved over the past 60 years, from the early stage, with scholars

9、highlighting the neutral effect on source countries, sometimes even beneficial, through the second phase, with the emphasis on the negative impact on donor countries and finally to the new economics of brain drain theor

10、y, accepting both the beneficial and detrimental effects on the country of origin. Recent literature identifies several options that, under specific circumstances may turn the brain drain into brain gain: return option

11、, diaspora option and remittances. Research in this area is scarce in Romania, a former communist country affected by the medical brain drain, phenomenon that has intensified after the accession to the European Union.

12、In this respect, this study * Corresponding author. Tel.: +4-076-671-9566. E-mail address: irinaboncea@gmail.com © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND l

13、icense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi.82 Irina Boncea / Procedia

14、Economics and Finance 20 ( 2015 ) 80 – 87 determine the behavior of Romanian emigrants concerning the tendency to remit money are the income obtained in the destination country and the return intention. Also, the

15、education has a negative influence: the highly-skilled remit less, but the amount is not affected by the level of education. 3. Research design This exploratory study aims to investigate Romania’s potential of transform

16、ing brain drain into brain gain. In this respect a survey was conducted among Romanian physicians (trained in Romania) with an international work experience (currently working abroad or those who worked abroad and retu

17、rned in Romania). The questionnaire contains different types of items: simple choice, multiple choice and open questions. It was administrated online, for a period of three months, among specific groups of physicians.

18、90 complete and usable questionnaires are used for this study. Information collected concerns respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics push and pull factors, the return intention, the role of diaspora and the re

19、mittances. This paper focuses on the return intention, diaspora option and remittances. The determinants of the decision to emigrate are explored in a different paper. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19. The first secti

20、on of the questionnaire identifies the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. The mean age of respondents is 33.02 years (Standard Deviation=7.473), 51.1% declared they are not married, 24.4% married wit

21、h children, 20.00% married without children and 4.4% divorced. A number of 34 men and 56 women filled the questionnaire, among them 26 general practitioners and 64 specialists. The distribution by age and gender is rep

22、resented in Table 1. Table 1. Distribution by gender and age Respondent's age (grouped) Total24 or less 25-34 35-44 45-54 55 or above Respondent's gender Female 2 44 8 0 2 56 Male 0 22 6 6 0

23、34 Total 2 66 14 6 2 90 Source: Author’s calculations using SPSS Most of the respondents leaved Romania at the early stage of their career (distribution by gender and status on the labour market before leaving cou

24、ld be seen in Table 2). Table 2. Distribution by gender and status on the labour market Status on the labour market before leaving TotalEmployed in private system Employed in public system Unemployed Student/Residen

25、t PhysicianRespondent's gender Female 2 8 0 46 56 Male 8 8 4 14 34 Total 10 16 4 60 90 Source: Author’s calculations using SPSS Main destination countries include: France (30 respondents), Germany (