[雙語翻譯]會計舞弊外文翻譯---財務(wù)報表的虛假陳述土耳其的一個會計舞弊案件

1、4900 英文單詞， 英文單詞，25500 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 8000 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Ilter C. Misrepresentation of Financial Statements: An Accounting Fraud Case from Turkey[J]. Ssrn Electronic Journal, 2014, 21(2):215-225.Misrepresentation of financ

2、ial statementsAn accounting fraud case from TurkeyCenap IlterAbstractPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the public, in general, and auditors, in particular, that in the absence of control there is always a ri

3、sk of fraud. Fraud can be done in various forms. Larceny may be the most obvious case of fraud, but fraud may be done in many other ways too. Balance sheet fraud or financial statements fraud is a broader issue; it is fa

4、r-fetched than a few hundred dollars of a larceny case. In financial statement fraud, the deep down effect may be millions or billions of dollars. Design/methodology/approach – The paper has been designed based on a frau

5、d theory. The author has observed the implications of a possible fraud in a real audit case. The fraud theory has been tested through financial analysis and audit tests. The theory has then been revised and the existence

6、 of a financial statement fraud has been proven.Findings – The paper explores that banks and group companies controlled by unreliable owners can lead to misuse of public’s funds in accordance with the directives of the o

7、wner. Public’s money can be transferred to other group companies in an illegal manner – in excessive amounts – and never returned to the bank by means of applying different accounting fraud techniques.Research limitation

8、s/implications – Auditors, who may audit group companies that include a bank or banks with deposit receiving and lending rights, should pay attention to the transactions between the group’s bank and the other group compa

9、nies. The lending may be excessive in amount and/or never paid back and the financial statements would be misrepresented covering various fraud schemes.Originality/value – The case that the paper deals with reflects the

10、author’s own audit experiences. The names of the companies have been changed but not the essence of the events. From this perspective, it sheds light onto the path of an auditor who happens to be in a similar situation.K

11、eywords : Fraudulent representation, Interest capitalization1. Conditions for fraudThree conditions of fraud arising from fraudulent financial reporting and misappropriations of assets are described in Section 5,135.012

12、of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants Assurance Handbook titled “The Auditor’s Responsibility to Consider Fraud and Error”. As shown in Figure 1, the following three conditions are referred to as the fraud t

13、riangle:(1) Incentives/pressures: management or other employees have incentives or pressures to commit fraud.(2) Opportunities: circumstances provide opportunities for management or employees to commit fraud.(3) Attitude

14、s/Rationalization: an attitude, character or set of ethical values exists that allows capital that had exited in the crisis flowed back and reserves were reconstituted. However, investors were demanding much higher inter

15、est rates than before, indicating an upward shift in the country risk premium. The result was record overnight interest rates, which peaked at close to 5,000 per cent on February 21, 2001. The banking system, already gre

16、atly weakened by the first crisis, faced breakdown as the interbank payments system ceased to function altogether. The next day the government decided to float the lira, spelling the end of the exchange rate-based stabil

17、ization program. Under the circumstances, floating the currency was probably the only solution available. The market confidence that would have been required to sustain the crawling peg strategy was not present (Bibbee,

18、2001). Between 1997 and 2002, the number of banks that have been transferred to a semi governmental agency – Saving Deposits Insurance Fund (SDIF – the Fund) – due to their being illiquid and not being able to meet their

19、 liabilities has reached 21. They were either merged or sold by the same authority (SDIF Annual Report, 2002, www.tmsf.org.tr/yillik.rapor.en).3. Literature reviewThe following information has been taken from CNN Money (

20、2001, www. money.cnn.com/2001/11/07/news/waste_mgt/index.htm) Last summer, the company – Waste Management and its auditing firm, Arthur Andersen, agreed to pay US$229 million to settle another class-action suit about que

21、stionable accounting practices. Chicago-based Arthur Andersen will also pay Waste Management US$20 million as part of a malpractice settlement. In June, Arthur Andersen agreed to pay a US$7-million civil fine after the S

22、ecurities and Exchange Commission accused it of “knowingly or recklessly” issuing false and misleading audit reports for Waste Management for the years 1993-1996 that inflated the company’s earnings by > US$1 billion.

23、The following information has been taken from US Securities and Exchange Commission (2004, www.sec.gov/news/press/2004-105.htm), Washington, DC, August 4, 2004 – The Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it f

24、iled an enforcement action against Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, a New York-based company whose largest division, the US Medicines Group, is based in New Jersey. The Commission’s complaint, filed today in the US District

25、 Court for the District of New Jersey, alleges that Bristol-Myers perpetrated a fraudulent earnings management scheme by, among other things, selling excessive amounts of pharmaceutical products to its wholesalers ahead

26、of demand, improperly recognizing revenue from US$1.5 billion of such sales to its two largest wholesalers and using “cookie jar” reserves to meet its internal sales and earnings targets and analysts’ earnings estimates.

27、 In settling the Commission’s action, Bristol-Myers agreed to an order requiring it to pay US$150 million dollars and perform numerous remedial undertakings, including the appointment of an independent adviser to review

28、and monitor its accounting practices, financial reporting and internal controls.CIT, a computer leasing group which is one of the Fortune 500 global commercial finance companies in the USA that provided financing and lea

29、sing to many industries worldwide. Its 2004 net income was USD754 million. CIT had its name involved in a fraud scheme in 2004. Niakan, Director of Asset Management Division of the company hired in 2000, diverted the res

30、ale of 2,500 computers to his unauthorized associates outside the company causing a loss of USD637,000. A financial analyst revealed that checks were written by Niakan personally to purchase CIT’s off lease computers (Mi