內(nèi)蒙古天然草原主要食草動(dòng)物食性和食量變化及其影響因素研究.pdf

1、‘jcl目差f犬普博士學(xué)位論文Y30960內(nèi)蒙古天然草原主要食草動(dòng)物食性和食量變化及其影響因素研究StudyonthedietcompositionandherbageintakeofmainherbivoresandtheiraffectingfactorsintheInnerMongoliasteppes研究生：割量塑指導(dǎo)教師：整建國(guó)麴援合作指導(dǎo)教師：廷遺硒宜雖申請(qǐng)學(xué)位門(mén)類(lèi)級(jí)別：奎堂譴研究方向：堇地姿遁二望絲生查墨笪堡二零零六年六月

2、本論文為中國(guó)科學(xué)院知識(shí)創(chuàng)新I群方向性項(xiàng)日(KSCX2SW107)、國(guó)家臼然科學(xué)基金(30371019)利國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重人研究計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目(90211017)研究?jī)?nèi)容AbstractTheexperimentwascardedoutattheInnerMongoliasteppesfromJune2003toOctober2004tostudythedietcompositionandherbageintakeofmainherb

3、ivoresatdifferentgrazingintensityinthreetypicalgrasslandcommunitiesusingn—alkanetechniques，andexploretherelationshipbetweentheirchangesandplantdiversityandoverlapoftrophicnicheamongmainherbivores，suggesttherelationshipbe

4、tweengrazingsuccessionandgrasslanddegradation，inordertoprovidesomescientificbasisfor’quantifyingthemoderategrazingintensityinnaturalgrasslandandutilizinggrasslandreasonablyandprovidethepracticedevidenceforestimatingthedi

5、etcompositionandintakeofwildanimalsusingnalkanetechniquesTheresultsindicate：1ThereWasdifferentconcentrationofnalkanesinplantspecies，andtheconcentrationofoddcarbonalkanesweremorethanevencarbonalkanes，especiallythealkaneso

6、fC27、C29andC31wereabundantinallplantspecies2Fecalrecoveriesofnalkaneslinearincreasedwithincreasingcarbonchainlengths，anditWasgreaterusingovendryingthanfreezedrying，andthereWasnosignificanteffectofartificialQSMcapsulesonf

7、ecalrecoveriesofalkanesinplantcuticularwaxbysheep3Then—alkanetechniqueCanprovideallaccurateandpreciseestimateofdietcompositionandherbageintakeofsheep，andestimatedintakeswerecloseractualintakesbasedonC33：C32nalkaneratios4

8、Then—alkanestechniqueprovidedanaccurateandpreciseestimateofdietcompositionandherbageintakeofgrazingsheepwhenusedincombinationwiththecagetechniqueinnaturalgrasslandsThedietarycompositionsofgrazingsheepchangedwithstockingr

9、atesandgrazingseasons，butintakedidnotchangeTheliveweightpersheepwasdecreasedwithincreasingofstockingrates，butonthecon仃aryinthelive—weightperhectareThedietcompositionofgrazingsheepindifferentstockingratesandgrazingseasons

10、werechangedwiththefoodavailabilityandaccessibilityofplantspeciesincommunityandthereweresignificant儼005)interactionbetweenstockingratesandgrazingseasonsondietcompositionofgrazingsheepFurthermore，thedietcompositionofgrazin

11、gCOWweredifferentingrazingseasons，andtheir’intakeincreasedwithbackofgrazingseasons5Thedietselectivityofgrazinganimalscausedthechangeofplantdiversityandplantdiversitiesdecreasedwithincreasingofgrazingintensitiesinthreetyp

12、icalplantcommunities，butthepopulationstructureanddietcompositionofCdauricusandoasiaticusweretheresultsofchangeofplantdiversity6Then—alkanetechniquecanprovideanaccurateandpreciseestimateofdietcompositionofCdauricusandDasi

13、aticusinnaturalgrasslands，andthegrasshoppercouldchangeitsdietpaRernfromaspecialist(graminivorous)inLchinensisand＆grandiscommunitiestoageneralist(mixedgraminivorous)inansklemenziicommunity7Coefficientoftrophicnichebreadth