采礦專業(yè)外文翻譯--關(guān)于神華集團(tuán)露天礦拉斗鏟的應(yīng)用研究

1、<p>　　Research of dragline application in Shenhua Group opencast mines</p><p>　　ABSTRACT:Dragline application is an advanced technique for opencast mining, which is integrated with mining, transportatio

2、n and earth discharge. It can directly discharge the stripping earth into the earth stockyard. This technique enjoys the advantage of large production capacity, cost effective and the shallow-burden opencast Mining. This

3、 article summarizes the dragline application in Heidaigou Opencast Mine, including the dragline type</p><p>　　the analyses of the mining parameter and cast blast technique and economic and technological anal

4、yses, and also introduces the dragline application in Haerwusu Opencast Mine. The two examples witness the availability of the dragline used in Chinese opencast mines and its potential application as well.</p><

5、;p>　　1 QUESTION</p><p>　　Coal is the major consumption energy in China. In recent years, the coal recovery at state-owned main coalmines, state-owned local coalmines and country coalmines in our country i

6、s 50%, 30% and 15% respectively. The recovery of our coal resource is low, for underground mining methods hold much more proportion. Why surface mining with higher recovery is not developed universally? Analysis founds t

7、hat is related much to technology of surface mining .The railway transport technology was employed ma</p><p>　　The dragline stripping application is an advanced mining technology in the world, which integrat

8、es with three operations of digging, transport and dumping, can strip the overburden and dump at the spoil side of the mined-out area. This application is in worldwide use nowadays, for its easier mining method, no restr

9、iction of working bench length. Centralized operation, higher efficiency and especial advantages to almost flat-bedded deposit,</p><p>　　2 RESEARCH OF DRAGLINE APPLICATION IN ZHUNGEER COALMINE</p>&l

10、t;p>　　Shenhua Group Zhungeer Energy Co. Ltd, is an extra-large-size comprehensive energy enterprise integrated with Heidaigou Coalmine and an integral preparation plant with an annual output of 12,000,000 tons each, a

11、 mine-mouth power plant with an installed capacity of 2×100 MW and a first-degree single-track electric railway of 264 km long straight, and all facilities and equipments of the company are first-class and modern. W

12、ith the development and industry reforms, the company gradually started to</p><p>　　2.1.Availability of dragline application in Heidaigou Opencast Coalmine</p><p>　　In Heidaigou Opencast Coalmin

13、e, the thickness of surface soil is about 49 meters, rock layer about 56 meters and coal seam about 28.8 meters. The surface soil is to be stripped by bucket wheel excavator continuous system; rock and coal by shovel-tru

14、ck system. The rock layer thickness ranges from 50 to 70 meters, with a lot of fractures, hardness of the rock f= 3 –5. The coal type is lignite with features of low sulfur, extra low phosphorus, medium ash and high ash

15、fusion point; the average calor</p><p>　　Considering the coal deposit and rock condition, cast blast and dragline application will be a very suitable stripping method for the mine. The dragline can be locate

16、d at the top of the coal floor, rock above coal top floor can be dumped into the inner dump, the left rock and the top losses still employs the original mining technology</p><p>　　2.2 Dragline stripping oper

17、ation</p><p>　　Dragline can be applied in four ways. The mine chooses one of them. To make a dragline stand on the extended platform leveled by a bulldozer after blasting, and dump the overburden into the m

18、ined-out area, refer to Figure1. </p><p>　　2.3 Stripping parameters are defined as follows</p><p>　　2.3.1 coal mining working bench length</p><p>　　The minimum coal mining working b

19、ench length is related to the production scale. Coal seam thickness coal seam density and working bench advance speed, the calculation formula is detailed as below:</p><p>　　Lmin = M/(V× h × r 

20、5; d) = 2002 m</p><p>　　Take 2000m for easier calculation. Stripping working bench length is 2110 meters, of 1987 meters is to be done by dragline alone, of 61 meters at each end walls is to be done under th

21、e assistance of other auxiliary equipments.</p><p>　　2.3.2 Stripping working bench parameters</p><p>　　Stripping working bench parameters: the height of stripping bench is 45m, coal bench is 30m

22、, bank width is 60 m, stripping bench slope is 75º, coal bench slope is 75º, inner dump bench slope is 38º, the blast drop is 31.5 m, casting factor is 0.25, coal haulage ramp width is 30 m, dumping materi

23、al swell factor is 1.35, spoil height is 72.5m, average height of spoil yard is 60.8m.</p><p>　　2.4 Plan of truck haulage in the pit</p><p>　　We designed two ramps at both end walls according To

24、 the features of one dragline stripping technology and tile complicated deposit conditions. In this way, the coal continuous production is guaranteed, for the: other ramp can be used when the dragline operation stops the

25、 access of one ramp.</p><p>　　2.5 Dragline stripping steps</p><p>　　Dragline strips overburden and exposes coal on the blasted level. While coal is dug at the right mining block, and transported

26、 by trucks from the right ramp. With the performance of stripping, some coal at left Mining block is exposed gradually, at meanwhile, the coal in the right mining block is gradually mined out, so the coal digging shall b

27、e moved to left block. At this time, coal digging is performed al both blocks, and coal can be moved out by both coal ramps. When coal-digging transfers t</p><p>　　2.6 Dragline production capability calculat

28、ion</p><p>　　a. Dragline annual production:</p><p><b>　　m³</b></p><p>　　b. Dragline annual volume of per cubic meter of bucket capacity:</p><p>　　c. Dr

29、agline bucket capacity:</p><p><b>　　m³</b></p><p>　　2.7 Coal mining method</p><p>　　We take the original coal mining method, that is, to expose coal over top floor

30、of the coal seam, separate layers along coal slope, mine the coal by layers, dig and transport coal separately. Bench height of top No.6 coal seam is 0 ~12 m, middle No.6 coal seam is 10~15 m, bottom No. 6 coal seam is 6

31、m, the total width of exposed coal is only 60 m, so mining along the dragline working direction is the only available way.</p><p>　　2.8 Cast blast</p><p>　　(l) Borehole Drilling and Blast Method

32、: we will employ a blast hole drill with a 270~300mm diameter bit, 50~60 m drilling depth and 70 ~90℃ drilling angle to drill through. We use multi-row millisecond cast blast pattern with 0.8 kg/ m³ power factor and

33、 25% casting factor. In order to stabilize the stripping bench slope and minimize vibration, we plan to use pre-split blast, the pre-split borehole is 160~200 mm, and space is 3 m, power volume of each borehole is 75 kg

34、and distance from the maim </p><p>　　(2) Vibration and Security Measures: reduce some explosive of detonation; delay intervals and detonation order; pre-split blast.</p><p>　　2.9 Comparisons wit

35、h the main features of shovel-truck operation</p><p>　　In order to explore the technical feasibility and economic benefit, we also studied the shovel-truck operation, and compared the main features, as follo

36、ws.</p><p>　　2.9.1 The main technical features of shovel-truck application</p><p>　　Mining Program consists: the overburden after extension of the mine will be losses, rock above coal top floor

37、and coal seam .The mining technologies consist: BWE continuous system for losses and maximum stripping volume is 19 15 mm³/a, shovel-truck operation for the left losses and rocks, above the coal top floor, shovel-tr

38、uck-brusher station-belt conveyer semi-continuous system for coal seam.</p><p>　　Main equipments and Quantities: required equipment to reach planned production: 5 units of 14rn³ single shovels, 1 units

39、of 25.2 rn³ single shovel, 9 units of 32 rn³ single shoves, 1 unit of 38 rn³ single shovel, 24 units of 108 ton trucks, 104 units of 154 ton trucks.</p><p>　　2.9.2 main technical features of d

40、ragline application</p><p>　　The mining technologies consist: BWE continuous system for losses, shovel-truck operation for the losses above and under the wheel and in the northwest end walls and rock under t

41、he losses, dragline application for rock layer above the coal top floor, shovel-truck-brusher station-belt conveyer semi-continuous system for coal seam.</p><p>　　Main equipments and Quantities: for BWE mini

42、ng continuous system: 4 units 3100 rn³/h bucket wheel excavator, 2 units of 6200 rn³/h spreaders, 6780 m long belt conveyor (1.4 m wide), 6595 m long belt conveyor (1.8 m wide)</p><p>　　For shovel-

43、truck operation: Losses above and under the wheel and northwest end wall and rock will employ shovel-truck operation. Required equipments: 3 units of 32 m³ single shoves, l unit of 25.2 m³ single shovel, 4 unit

44、s of 14 m³ single shovels, 42 units 154 ton trucks, 11 units 108 ton trucks.</p><p>　　For dragline application: 1 dragline, bucket size is 85 m³, operating radium is 121.9 meters, and machine weigh

45、t is 6718 tons.</p><p>　　For the coal mining system: 1 unit of 38 m³ single shovel, 2 units of 14 m³ single shovels, 19 units of 154 ton trucks and 13 units of 108 ton trucks.</p><p>　

46、　2.10 Economic index analysis and evaluation of mining technology</p><p>　　Compare a dragline application design with shovel-truck operation design: Economic Index Analysis proves that dragline application i

47、n Heidaigou Opencast Coalmine is economically reasonable .It costs less, the increased production operating cost is 23.25 Yuan/t, 13.20 Yuan/t less than shovel truck design; It operates more efficiently, stripping capabi

48、lity of one dragline equals with 4 units of 395 B1 shovels and 34 units of 154 ton trucks; There is no capital construction needed, with dragline ap</p><p>　　2.11 Research of dragline application in Harwusu

49、Opencast Coalmine</p><p>　　Harwusu Opencast Coalmine is adjacent to Heidaigou Opencast Coalmine. With the construction and development of ambient power stations, coal marketing becomes larger and larger year

50、 by year, industry groups of coal and power joint operation gradually come into being. The coal deposit condition of Harwusu Opencast Coalmine is quite similar to Heidaigou mine, so dragline can be operated in the same o

51、peration procedure and method.</p><p>　　Selected machine model: 1 2570WS dragline, 109 m³ bucket capacity, 107 m operating radium, 121.9 m boom length, 7413 t working weight.</p><p>　　3 RES

52、EARCH OF DRAGLINE APPLICATION IN VICTORY NO.1 OPENCAST COALMINE </p><p>　　Shenhua Group Victory Coalfield is located in the middle of Xilinguole League of Inner Mongolia, the mining condition enjoys exceptio

53、nal advantages, and it is an important coal base for power and chemical industries. Construction capability is 20 mt/a, which will be constructed in two phases: 10 mt/a production for phase I , to realize full production

54、 by 2009;20 mt/a for phase Ⅱ,to realize full production by 2015. There are two kinds of major minable coal seams, NO.5 and NO.6 coal seam, angle sl</p><p>　　The practical working bench length of dragline app

55、lication is 1800m. Stripping bench height is 45 m, Selected Machine Model is 1570 WS dragline with 66 m³ (additionally increase 4 m³ more than needed) bucket capacity, 106 m operating radium, 115.8 m boom lengt

56、h, 34º boom angle, 62.5 m maximum digging depth, 51.2 m maximum dump height, 179.2 t maximum suspension load, 4559 t working weight. Annual advance is 200 meters; annual mining production is 17.28 mm³. All benc

57、hes are to be dug directly wit</p><p>　　關(guān)于神華集團(tuán)露天礦拉斗鏟的應(yīng)用研究</p><p>　　摘要：拉斗鏟在露天礦的應(yīng)用是一種先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，它能集開(kāi)采、運(yùn)輸、剝離于一體。它能在采場(chǎng)直接倒堆，這種技術(shù)有很大的生產(chǎn)能力，對(duì)露天開(kāi)采經(jīng)濟(jì)上是非常劃算的。這篇文章主要介紹了拉斗鏟在黑岱溝露天礦的應(yīng)用，以及拉斗鏟的型號(hào)，分析在經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)上開(kāi)采范圍和拋擲爆破，另

58、外，還介紹了拉斗鏟在哈爾烏素的應(yīng)用。這兩個(gè)例子證明了拉斗鏟在中國(guó)現(xiàn)有露天礦中還有潛在的巨大的應(yīng)用市場(chǎng)。</p><p><b>　　1問(wèn)題</b></p><p>　　在中國(guó)煤是最基礎(chǔ)、最主要的能源，最近一些年煤主要依靠國(guó)有大型煤礦、地方煤礦、鄉(xiāng)村煤礦，它們的比重分別為50%、30%、15%。但我們的資源回收率卻比較低由于地下開(kāi)采占有很大的比重。為什么有著高回采率的露

59、天開(kāi)采在我國(guó)卻不是太普及？經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)很大程度上取決于露天開(kāi)采的技術(shù)。鐵路運(yùn)輸工藝在60年代是主要的運(yùn)輸方式，單斗-汽車工藝在80年代逐漸發(fā)展起來(lái)了。但單斗-汽車工藝在一段時(shí)間過(guò)后生產(chǎn)成本會(huì)提高由于燃料的消費(fèi)、開(kāi)采深度的增加、工作線長(zhǎng)度的增加、運(yùn)輸距離到排土場(chǎng)的增大等等。而且，露天開(kāi)采工藝的工作線長(zhǎng)度不超過(guò)1.5公里，設(shè)計(jì)能力不超過(guò)1500萬(wàn)噸，在市場(chǎng)上不具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，因此，一種新的露天開(kāi)采工藝是重要且必需的。</p>&l

60、t;p>　　在世界范圍內(nèi)拉斗鏟剝離的應(yīng)用是一種先進(jìn)的開(kāi)采工藝，它集采、運(yùn)、排三種主要作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)于一體，能在把剝離物在剝離后直接排棄到采空區(qū)，在當(dāng)今世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛的應(yīng)用，由于它簡(jiǎn)單的開(kāi)采方法，工作線長(zhǎng)度沒(méi)有限制，集中控制，尤其對(duì)平緩的礦層具有很高的作業(yè)效率。</p><p>　　2在準(zhǔn)格爾露天礦拉斗鏟的應(yīng)用研究</p><p>　　神華集團(tuán)準(zhǔn)葛爾有限責(zé)任公司是一個(gè)特大型的能源企業(yè)，它

61、下屬的黑岱溝露天礦準(zhǔn)備設(shè)計(jì)每年產(chǎn)1200萬(wàn)噸，一個(gè)關(guān)于更大的計(jì)劃安裝能力為2×100MW的一級(jí)單線電氣化直線鐵路264公里，還有公司所有的設(shè)備和器械都是先進(jìn)的和一流的。隨著工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展和改良，公司逐漸快速走上一個(gè)穩(wěn)定良性的發(fā)展道路。為了滿足現(xiàn)在電力市場(chǎng)的要求，該公司準(zhǔn)備擴(kuò)大該礦現(xiàn)有的生產(chǎn)能力，從現(xiàn)在的1200萬(wàn)噸/年擴(kuò)大到2000萬(wàn)噸/年，因此我們從2002年開(kāi)始研究拉斗鏟在黑岱溝露天礦的應(yīng)用。這里我們拿黑岱溝露天礦做個(gè)例子

62、，主要介紹設(shè)備的選型、分析開(kāi)采范圍、拋擲爆破技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。</p><p>　　2.1拉斗鏟應(yīng)用在黑岱溝露天礦的現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　在黑岱溝露天煤礦，表土大約厚49m，巖石大約厚56m，煤層大約厚為28.8m。表土有輪斗挖掘機(jī)采用連續(xù)工藝剝離；巖石和煤采裝有單斗-汽車工藝。巖層厚度大約為50~70m,需預(yù)先爆破，巖石的硬度普氏系數(shù)f=3~5。褐煤的特征是含二氧化硫低，含磷少，中等和

63、高灰份摻和，平均發(fā)熱量是19223~22154J/g（4588~5288卡/克）,與這些能量等值。這主要煤層的平均厚度（6號(hào)煤層）為24m，傾角大約3~5º，煤的普氏系數(shù)f=1~3。</p><p>　　考慮到煤的沉積和巖石條件，拋擲爆破和拉斗鏟剝離方法的應(yīng)用將會(huì)非常適合本礦。拉斗鏟站立在煤層頂板，煤層上部的巖石能排棄到內(nèi)排土場(chǎng)，剩余的巖石和丟失的礦物仍然需要原始的開(kāi)采工藝。</p>&l

64、t;p>　　2.2 拉斗鏟剝離環(huán)節(jié)</p><p>　　拉斗鏟有四種用途，礦山可以選擇任意一種，為了使拉斗鏟站立在延深的水平上在爆破后用推土機(jī)推平，直接把剝離物排棄到采空區(qū)，可見(jiàn)表1。</p><p>　　2.3 剝離范圍有以下原則確定</p><p>　　2.3.1 煤礦工作線長(zhǎng)度</p><p>　　煤礦的最小工作線長(zhǎng)度是根據(jù)生產(chǎn)規(guī)

65、模確定的，煤層厚度，煤層層數(shù)和工作線推進(jìn)速度，計(jì)算公式如下：</p><p><b>　　m</b></p><p>　　取2000 m更容易計(jì)算。</p><p>　　剝離一個(gè)工作線長(zhǎng)度為2110 m，其中的1987 m由拉斗鏟單獨(dú)完成，另外臺(tái)階兩端的61 m需要輔助設(shè)備來(lái)完成。</p><p>　　2.3.2 剝離工

66、作的范圍</p><p>　　剝離工作的范圍：剝離的高度為45 m，煤的30 m，兩側(cè)寬度為60m，剝離傾角75º，煤的傾角為75º，內(nèi)部排卸的角度為38º，爆破拋擲距離是31.5m，拋擲系數(shù)為0.25，煤的運(yùn)輸通道寬度為30m，剝離物的松散系數(shù)為1.35，排棄物的高度為72.5m，排土場(chǎng)的平均高度為60.8m。</p><p>　　2.4 在礦內(nèi)采場(chǎng)運(yùn)輸?shù)挠?jì)

67、劃</p><p>　　我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)斜坡道在臺(tái)階的兩端根據(jù)拉斗鏟剝離工藝的特征及復(fù)雜的沉積條件。用這種方法，煤的生產(chǎn)便能連續(xù)進(jìn)行能得到保證，其它的斜坡道被用來(lái)當(dāng)拉斗鏟停止作業(yè)時(shí)接近一個(gè)斜坡道的出口。</p><p>　　2.5 拉斗鏟剝離步驟</p><p>　　拉斗鏟剝離剝離物并使煤在爆破水平上暴露出來(lái)。當(dāng)挖煤的時(shí)候用合適的采礦方法處理大塊，從最近的斜坡道中由卡車

68、運(yùn)出來(lái)。隨著剝離的進(jìn)行，一些煤在剩下的開(kāi)采大塊中逐漸的暴露出來(lái)，同時(shí)煤也在處理大塊的過(guò)程中開(kāi)采完，因此，挖掘煤的過(guò)程中煤被運(yùn)出之后剩下一些大塊。同時(shí)，采煤進(jìn)行過(guò)程中不但大塊和煤都能被兩條運(yùn)煤通道運(yùn)出來(lái)。當(dāng)采的煤被完全運(yùn)完的時(shí)候只剩下大塊了，煤能有剩下的運(yùn)煤通道來(lái)運(yùn)完。還有拋擲爆破能把大塊破碎成能運(yùn)輸?shù)膲K已定完成。拉斗鏟作業(yè)在剩余的大塊移動(dòng)到兩種大塊中，拉斗鏟移動(dòng)到一堆爆破后的大塊上部后開(kāi)始作業(yè)。在拉斗鏟完成所有的大塊中間的煤后，它將從臺(tái)

69、階的運(yùn)輸通道出去后開(kāi)始下一個(gè)作業(yè)循環(huán)。</p><p>　　2.6 拉斗鏟生產(chǎn)能力計(jì)算</p><p>　　a. 拉斗鏟年生產(chǎn)能力</p><p><b>　　式（1）</b></p><p><b>　　m³</b></p><p>　　b. 拉斗鏟每立米鏟斗的單

70、位生產(chǎn)能力：</p><p><b>　　式（2）</b></p><p><b>　　m³</b></p><p>　　c.拉斗鏟鏟斗的生產(chǎn)能力：</p><p>　　m³ 式（3）</p><p>　　2.7 煤礦開(kāi)采方法</p&g

71、t;<p>　　我們用最原始的采煤方法去把煤層上面的剝離掉從而使煤顯露出來(lái)，并根據(jù)煤層的傾斜坡面劃分單獨(dú)的層，分層開(kāi)采，采煤和運(yùn)煤各自獨(dú)立。6號(hào)煤層上部厚0~12 m，中部煤層厚度為10~15m，下部煤層厚度為6m，顯露煤的總寬度為60m，因此沿著拉斗鏟工作方向開(kāi)采是一種可行的方法。</p><p><b>　　2.8 拋擲爆破</b></p><p>

72、　　（1）鉆機(jī)鉆孔和爆破方法：我們需鉆一個(gè)直徑為270~300mm、50~60m深和角度在70~90º的爆破鉆孔。我們用多排微差爆破來(lái)完成拋擲爆破，用能量為0.8kg/m³的炸藥和要求拋擲系數(shù)為、0.25。為了能使剝離沿著層面剝離和使震動(dòng)減到最小，我們采用預(yù)裂爆破，預(yù)裂爆破的爆破孔直徑為160~200mm，間隔距離為3m，每孔的炸藥容積裝75kg炸藥并距離主爆炸孔4m，我們采用三角形的型式在巖層和煤層之間。</

73、p><p>　?。?）震動(dòng)和安全尺度：減少炸藥爆炸的次數(shù)，增長(zhǎng)爆炸的間隔時(shí)間及改變爆炸順序：預(yù)裂爆破。</p><p>　　2.9 與單斗-汽車主要作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)主要特征的比較</p><p>　　為了研究技術(shù)上的可行和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的合理，我們還需要研究單斗-汽車的作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)，以下是對(duì)比一些主要特征：</p><p>　　2.9.1單斗-汽車應(yīng)用的主要技術(shù)特征

74、</p><p>　　開(kāi)采計(jì)劃包括：礦山在延深后一些煤層頂板和煤層上面的剝離物會(huì)被遺棄。開(kāi)采技術(shù)包括：BWE連續(xù)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)最大剝離的生產(chǎn)能力為19.15百萬(wàn)m³/a，單斗-卡車作業(yè)時(shí)剝離煤層頂板的剝離物，單斗-卡車—推土機(jī)-膠帶輸送機(jī)的半連續(xù)采煤生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)。</p><p>　　主要設(shè)備的數(shù)量：設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)能力要求的設(shè)備：5臺(tái)14 m³ 的電鏟，1臺(tái)25.2 m³ 的

75、電鏟，9臺(tái) 32 m³的電鏟，1臺(tái)38 m³的電鏟，24輛108噸的卡車，104輛154噸的卡車。</p><p>　　2.9.2拉斗鏟應(yīng)用的主要技術(shù)特征</p><p>　　開(kāi)采工藝包括：BWE連續(xù)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，單斗-汽車作業(yè)為了在車輪各個(gè)角落的遺棄剝離物，拉斗鏟應(yīng)用在煤層上部的巖層，單斗-卡車—推土機(jī)-膠帶輸送機(jī)的半連續(xù)采煤生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)。</p><p&

76、gt;　　主要設(shè)備的數(shù)量：BWE開(kāi)采連續(xù)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)：4臺(tái)3100 m³/h的輪斗挖掘機(jī)，兩條長(zhǎng)6780m、6200 m³/h寬度為1.4m的膠帶，以及6595m長(zhǎng)的膠帶（寬度為1.8m）。</p><p>　　單斗-汽車作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)：遺棄各個(gè)角落里的剝離物需要單斗-汽車作業(yè)。要求的設(shè)備：3臺(tái)32 m³的電鏟，1臺(tái)25.2 m³的電鏟，4臺(tái)14 m³的電鏟，42輛154噸

77、的卡車，11輛108噸的卡車。</p><p>　　拉斗鏟的應(yīng)用；1臺(tái)拉斗鏟，鏟斗容積為85 m³，作業(yè)半徑為121.9m，機(jī)器重量為6718噸。</p><p>　　煤的開(kāi)采運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)：1臺(tái)38 m³的電鏟，2臺(tái)14 m³的電鏟，19輛154噸的卡車和13輛108噸的卡車。</p><p>　　2.10經(jīng)濟(jì)指數(shù)分析和開(kāi)采技術(shù)評(píng)價(jià)<

78、/p><p>　　拉斗鏟應(yīng)用的設(shè)計(jì)和單斗-汽車作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì)之間的對(duì)比：經(jīng)濟(jì)指數(shù)分析說(shuō)明黑岱溝露天礦拉斗鏟應(yīng)用的經(jīng)濟(jì)合理性。生產(chǎn)成本低，作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)生產(chǎn)成本的增加為每噸23.25元，每噸節(jié)省了13.2元比單斗-卡車工藝；拉斗鏟工作起來(lái)更有效率，一臺(tái)拉斗鏟的剝離能力相當(dāng)于4臺(tái)395B1電鏟和34輛154噸的卡車；有了拉斗鏟的應(yīng)用，其它的投入就不是太多了，根據(jù)角度的增加而改變工作面，巖層和煤層在一個(gè)工作組合臺(tái)階上，其它的投入

79、就更不需要了；勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率將從每人49.11噸提升到52.78噸比單斗-汽車工藝?？傊痪湓?，每一項(xiàng)指數(shù)都大大高于單斗-汽車工藝。</p><p>　　2.11 拉斗鏟應(yīng)用在哈爾烏素露天煤礦的研究</p><p>　　哈爾烏素露天煤礦毗鄰黑岱溝露天煤礦。隨著四周一些電廠的建造和擴(kuò)大，煤的市場(chǎng)一年一年增大，煤的工業(yè)需求也逐漸的成為了一個(gè)新的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。哈爾烏素露天煤礦煤的沉積條件與黑岱溝露天煤礦比

80、較相似。因此拉斗鏟能被用同樣的方法和開(kāi)采程序來(lái)運(yùn)用于哈爾烏素露天煤礦。</p><p>　　設(shè)備選型：1臺(tái)2570W拉斗鏟，鏟斗容積為109m³，開(kāi)采范圍為107m，臂長(zhǎng)為121.9m，工作重量為7413噸。</p><p>　　3拉斗鏟應(yīng)用在勝利一號(hào)露天煤礦的研究</p><p>　　神華集團(tuán)勝利露天煤礦坐落在內(nèi)蒙古中部的錫林郭勒市，開(kāi)采條件得天獨(dú)厚，它

81、還是動(dòng)力和化工的重要的基礎(chǔ)原料。設(shè)計(jì)能力年產(chǎn)2000萬(wàn)噸，分為兩個(gè)階段，每年1000萬(wàn)噸這個(gè)階段一直生產(chǎn)到2009年；每年2000萬(wàn)噸是第二個(gè)階段，到2005年達(dá)產(chǎn)。有兩個(gè)主要煤層，5號(hào)煤層和6號(hào)煤層，傾斜角度不超過(guò)5º，5號(hào)煤層平均厚度為18.16m，基本不變；6號(hào)煤層平均厚度為36.64m。煤層上方的覆蓋層非常薄，平均剝采比為2.65m/t³，因此露天開(kāi)采是最好的開(kāi)采方法。上覆的巖石基本上是中軟巖石，89%的巖石

82、垂直抗壓強(qiáng)度不超過(guò)6.0Mpa。</p><p>　　拉斗鏟工作線的實(shí)際長(zhǎng)度為180m。剝離高度為45m，設(shè)備選型為1570WS的鏟斗容積為66 m³（可增加4 m³比原來(lái)需要的）拉斗鏟，開(kāi)采范圍為106m，115.8m，臂長(zhǎng)為115.8m、傾角為34º，最大挖掘深度為62.5.m，最大挖掘高度為51.2m，可最大承受179.2噸，工作重量為4559噸。年推進(jìn)距離200m，年生產(chǎn)能力