中英文翻譯---數(shù)控立式車削中心數(shù)控化改造

1、<p>　　Vertical Turning Center of NC</p><p>　　數(shù)控立式車削中心數(shù)控化改造</p><p>　　New SINUMERIK 802D CNC system on the use of more than 10 years of SKIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center of NC, NC Machine

2、Tool powerful features greatly broadened the scope of machining parts, and better ensuring the processing of parts the consistency and quality of products. This article was the second SINUMERIK NC application essay activ

3、ities and the transformation of a prize-second prize. </p><p>　　用新型SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)對使用10多年的SKIQ16 CNC B數(shù)控立式車削中心進行數(shù)控化改造，機床強大的數(shù)控功能極大地拓寬了機床加工零件的范圍，更好地保證了零件加工的一致性和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。本文獲第二屆SINUMERIK 數(shù)控應(yīng)用與改造有獎?wù)魑幕顒佣泉劇?lt;/p&g

4、t;<p>　　KIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center in the Czech HULIN companies in the 1990s manufacture, use FANUC-BASK 6T CNC system. Since the machine had been in use for more than 10 years, and the NC system upgradin

5、g, BASK 6T-FANUC CNC system has been shutdown, system board of aging, expensive spare parts. A new CNC machine tools to transform the system is imperative so that the machine can restore vitality, and give better play to

6、 the potential of machine tools. </p><p>　　KIQ16 CNC B數(shù)控立式車削中心是捷克HULIN公司于上世紀90年代制造，采用FANUC-BASK 6T數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。由于該機床已經(jīng)使用10余年，加之數(shù)控系統(tǒng)更新?lián)Q代，F(xiàn)ANUC-BASK 6T數(shù)控系統(tǒng)早已停產(chǎn)，系統(tǒng)板件老化，備件昂貴。采用新型數(shù)控系統(tǒng)對該機床進行改造勢在必行，這樣可使該機床重新煥發(fā)活力，更好地發(fā)揮機床的潛力

7、。</p><p>　　Transformation programme development </p><p><b>　　改造方案的制定</b></p><p>　　The original full-featured machine, including spindle (table) and the rotation axis mil

8、ling campaign, X, Z-axis coordinates of movement, 15 knives in a knife library systems, and such as the cooling system, hydraulic system, lubrication system , Paixie system functional machine. Spindle axis and milling by

9、 DC and DC motor speed regulator. X and Z-axis also coordinates by DC servo motor and DC servo governor. The knife used ordinary three-phase asynchronous AC motor from the five binary cam posit</p><p>　　該機床原

10、有功能齊全，包括主軸(工作臺)和銑磨軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)運動、X、Z軸坐標運動、15個刀位的刀庫系統(tǒng)，還有諸如冷卻系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)、排屑系統(tǒng)等機床功能。主軸和銑磨軸采用直流電動機及直流調(diào)速器。X、Z軸坐標也采用直流伺服電機及直流伺服調(diào)速器。刀庫采用普通三相異步交流電動機，由5位二進制凸輪定位。該機床的機械部分各方面機械性能良好穩(wěn)定、精度尚可、液壓系統(tǒng)工作正常，因此上述部分基本保持不變。</p><p>　　NC sy

11、stem and the replacement of electrical control part, by SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system. X and Z axes and knives coordinates the servo drive system uses SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system and a FK7 servo

12、motor, encoder pulse chosen as a location detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. And milling spindle axis drive system by the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor s

13、peed control device. Machine control of other electrical li</p><p>　　數(shù)控改造更換數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和電氣控制部分，采用SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。X、Z軸和刀庫坐標伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)采用SIIMODRIVE 611UE變頻驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)和1FK7伺服電機，選用脈沖編碼器作為位置檢測元件，達到數(shù)字伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)控制。主軸和銑磨軸驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)采

14、用英國Eurotherm公司的590+系列直流電動機調(diào)速裝置。改造機床其他電氣控制線路，更換電氣控制元件，保證機床各種控制功能和操作的實現(xiàn)，保證機床電氣控制部分長期可靠工作。</p><p>　　Apart from increasing MCP machine control panel, we must also re-designed machine operator panel with all type

15、s of machine function buttons and lights. </p><p>　　除增加MCP機床控制面板外，還要重新設(shè)計機床操作面板，具有各種機床功能按鈕和指示燈。</p><p>　　NC system and the servo drive system coordinates </p><p>　　數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和坐標伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)</

16、p><p>　　SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system is all CNC, PLC, HMI and communications tasks integration, is based on the NC system of PROFIBUS. Maintenance-free hardware integration PROFIBUS interface used to drive

17、 and I / O module and installed a speed of the operation panel. SINUMERIK 802D CNC control system X, Z axes and knives to the three figures into a spindle axis and. The machine used two I / O modules and machine operator

18、 panel PP72/48 MCP. TOOLBOX 802D use in PROGRAMMING TOOL PLC 802 software deve</p><p>　　SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)是將所有CNC、PLC、HMI和通訊任務(wù)集成，是基于PROFIBUS總線的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。免維護硬件集成PROFIBUS接口用于驅(qū)動和I/O模塊并具有速裝結(jié)構(gòu)的操作面板。SINUMERIK 8

19、02D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)控制X、Z軸和刀庫三個數(shù)字進給軸和一個主軸。該機床采用二塊I/O模塊PP72/48和機床操作面板MCP。利用TOOLBOX 802D中PROGRAMMING TOOL PLC 802軟件編寫PLC控制程序，調(diào)用PLC子程序庫中的SBR32 PLC-INI PLC初始化、SBR33 EMG-STOP 急停處理、SBR34 MCP-802D 傳送機床控制面板對應(yīng)I/O狀態(tài)、SBR38 MCP-NCK 機床控制面板MCP信號、操

20、作面板HMI信號送至NCK接口、SBR39 HANDWHL 由操作面板HMI在機床坐標系或工件坐標系選擇手輪、SBR40 AXIS-CTL 進給軸和主軸使能控制。由于子程序是標準的車床控制程序，這樣與該機床實際情況不同，刀庫采用數(shù)字軸控制，增加了數(shù)字軸的數(shù)量。在機床控制面板和進給軸和主軸使能控制等子程序中都要做一定的修改</p><p>　　SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency

21、drive system is a function of the drive system can be configured with SINUMERIK 802D CNC system constitutes an ideal combination. SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system in the machine to meet the dynamic respon

22、se and speed adjustment range and rotation accuracy characteristics of the requirement to use modular design can be optimized to best independent state. Debugging can drive on a PC using SimoCom U or use of the front of

23、the driver modules for d</p><p>　　SIIMODRIVE 611UE變頻驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)是一種功能可配置的驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)，與SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成理想的組合。SIIMODRIVE 611UE變頻驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)滿足機床在動態(tài)響應(yīng)、速度調(diào)整范圍和旋轉(zhuǎn)精度特征等方面的要求，采用模塊化設(shè)計可獨立優(yōu)化至最佳狀態(tài)。驅(qū)動調(diào)試可在PC機上利用SimoCom U進行或利用驅(qū)動模塊前端的顯示器和鍵盤進

24、行。利用SimoCom U可設(shè)定驅(qū)動器與電動機和功率模塊匹配的基本參數(shù)；可根據(jù)伺服電機實際拖動的機械部件，對SIIMODRIVE 611UE速度控制器的參數(shù)進行自動優(yōu)化；可監(jiān)控驅(qū)動器的運行狀態(tài)包括電動機實際電流和實際扭矩。</p><p>　　axis milling spindle and drive system </p><p>　　主軸和銑磨軸驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)</p><

25、;p>　　And milling spindle axis drive system using the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor speed control device. 590 + series of DC motor speed control device as supporting and control equipment instal

26、led in the standard box components and design. AC 380V control devices using the standard three-phase voltage, providing DC output voltage and current for the armature and exciting, applicable to DC Motor control and per

27、manent magnet motor. </p><p>　　主軸和銑磨軸驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)采用英國Eurotherm公司的590+系列直流電動機調(diào)速裝置。590+系列直流電動機調(diào)速裝置是作為與配套控制設(shè)備安裝在標準箱內(nèi)的部件而設(shè)計的?？刂蒲b置使用AC 380V的三相標準電壓，提供直流輸出電壓和電流，用于電樞和勵磁，適用于直流他激電動機和永磁電動機控制。</p><p>　　590 + serie

28、s of DC motor speed device is used to achieve 32-bit microprocessor, has many advanced features: complex control algorithms; standard software modules and software configuration can control circuit integration of the ser

29、ial link, and NC transmission devices or other communications systems, advanced to a process system. Axis milling spindle motor and not replaced, the original analog volume control. The spindle motor and non-spindle bet

30、ween 1:1 Direct Connect, spindle SIEMENS installe</p><p>　　590+系列直流電動機調(diào)速裝置是采用32位微處理器實現(xiàn)，具有許多先進的性能：復(fù)雜的控制算法；標準軟件模塊與可組態(tài)的軟件控制電路相結(jié)合；通過串行線路，可與其他傳動裝置或數(shù)控系統(tǒng)通訊，能構(gòu)成先進的過程系統(tǒng).主軸和銑磨軸電動機沒有更換，采用原來的模擬量控制。主軸電動機與主軸之間非1：1直連，主軸上安裝

31、SIEMENS 5000線的TTL脈沖增量編碼器。將SIIMODRIVE 611UE的總線地址為12的雙軸模塊A進給通道攜帶主軸，設(shè)定一個疊加軸。通過對SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)參數(shù)設(shè)定，使用SimoCom U驅(qū)動調(diào)試工具軟件調(diào)整SIIMODRIVE 611UE參數(shù)并配置總線模擬量輸出，模擬量輸出接口用于輸出主軸速度給定（±10V），數(shù)字量輸出用于模擬主軸使能控制，WSG接口用于連接主軸編碼器作為速度反饋，完成主軸控

32、制配置。</p><p>　　knife Library System </p><p><b>　　刀庫系統(tǒng)</b></p><p>　　knife because the original system used for general motors, mechanical transmission ratio 1:360. The mec

33、hanical structure of special knives, knife disc in the vertical Z-axis ram, its direction and the B-axis rotation direction of the same. After transformation, using SIIMODRIVE 611UE and a variable frequency drive system

34、FK7 servo motor, a knife to the NC coordinate axis, as increased pulse encoder position detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. The removal</p><p>　　由于刀庫系統(tǒng)原來采用普通電動機，機械傳動

35、比1：360。刀庫機械結(jié)構(gòu)特殊，圓盤刀庫豎直位于Z軸滑枕后，其旋轉(zhuǎn)方向與B軸方向相同。改造后采用SIIMODRIVE 611UE變頻驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)和1FK7伺服電動機，將刀庫改為數(shù)控坐標軸，增加脈沖編碼器作為位置檢測元件，達到數(shù)字伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)閉環(huán)控制。拆除原有的5位二進制凸輪定位機構(gòu)。由于刀庫裝滿刀具后的重力作用，刀庫圓盤無法達到重力平衡。雖然刀庫運動可以精確定位，但是上述原因?qū)е缕鋵嶋H定位出現(xiàn)偏差，所以仍然采用坐標運動定位后定位銷插入的準確

36、定位方法。</p><p>　　The special machine tool change process, with different vertical lathe general. PLC control ATC procedures are completed the following process: when the knife with X and Z-axis movement a safe

37、 place, Z axis, no knife, a machine tool relaxed state. PLC control manipulator out to promote vertical lathe tool to Z axis machine tool after the completion of that process finished with knives. Shirking knife, X and Z

38、-axis movement a safe place, Z axis, a knife, a machine tool clamping state. PLC control</p><p>　　該機床換刀過程特殊，不同與一般的立式車床。PLC控制程序完成以下?lián)Q刀過程：裝刀時X、Z軸運動安全位置，Z軸上無刀，機床處于刀具放松狀態(tài)。PLC控制機械手伸出，推動立車刀架到Z軸上完成后刀具夾緊，即裝刀過程完畢。卸刀時X

39、、Z軸運動安全位置，Z軸上有刀，機床處于刀具夾緊狀態(tài)。PLC控制機械手伸出，此時刀具放松，機械手縮回帶動立車刀架回到刀盤上后，刀具夾緊，即卸刀過程完畢。</p><p>　　SINUMERIK 802D CNC system support for the use of M code or user calls T code cycle can be used for machine tool exchange.

40、 By setting parameters M activation code, the use of the procedure called M06 fixed exchange cycle enforcement tool. Procedures for the preparation of users cycle through each algorithm to determine the knife knife-axis

41、(B-axis) rotation angle, use of the definition of M ATC activation PLC logic. PLC NC system will be "read to prohibit" buy-signal so that the cycle of a fixed </p><p>　　SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)支持利用M代碼或T代

42、碼調(diào)用用戶循環(huán)，可用于機床刀具交換。通過設(shè)置參數(shù)激活M代碼，利用程序段中的M06調(diào)用固定循環(huán)程序執(zhí)行刀具交換。編寫用戶循環(huán)程序，通過算法確定每個刀位刀庫軸（B軸）的旋轉(zhuǎn)角度，利用自定義M代碼啟動PLC換刀邏輯。PLC將數(shù)控系統(tǒng)“讀入禁止”信號置位，使該固定循環(huán)停止。將換刀機械動作用自定義M代碼分解執(zhí)行，例如：M12卸刀、M13裝刀等。換刀完成后，PLC將“讀入禁止”信號復(fù)位，使該固定循環(huán)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行。在固定循環(huán)中編寫信息顯示在數(shù)控系統(tǒng)屏幕上

43、提示操作者換刀所進行的步驟</p><p>　　Machine debugging </p><p><b>　　機床調(diào)試</b></p><p>　　NC system connecting the various components after the completion of the installation, commissioni

44、ng start PLC control procedures. Since the equipment is vertical lathe, unlike PLC subroutine library in the lathe applications, it must address the specific conditions of the machine to amend PLC subroutine.</p>

45、<p>　　數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的各個部件安裝連接完成后，開始調(diào)試PLC控制程序。由于該設(shè)備是立式車床，不同于PLC子程序庫中的車床應(yīng)用程序，所以必須針對該機床的具體情況修改PLC子程序。</p><p>　　Set the knife for B-axis, and the standard procedures only X and Z axis, and the need to increase the B-

46、axis in the MCP plus or minus adding B-axis direction to move the button, the need for SBR34, SBR38, SBR40 such as subroutine. Because it is vertical lathe, X, Z-axis direction to move the plus or minus key MCP and set d

47、ifferent standards also needs to be revised. According to MCP on the machine need to design user-defined keys, such as hydraulic launch, hydraulic stop, relax beams, and light </p><p>　　將刀庫設(shè)為B軸，而原標準程序只有X、Z軸，

48、需要增加B軸和在MCP上添加B軸正負方向點動鍵，需要對SBR34、SBR38、SBR40等子程序。由于是立式車床，X、Z軸正負方向點動鍵與MCP標準設(shè)置不同也需要修改。根據(jù)機床需要設(shè)計MCP上用戶自定義鍵，如液壓啟動、液壓停止、橫梁放松、橫梁鎖緊及指示燈，設(shè)計MCP和機床操作面板的PLC控制程序并且調(diào)試功能實現(xiàn)。全面測試所使用的子程序庫的子程序，確保子程序的功能在與PLC控制程序聯(lián)結(jié)在一起時正確無誤。編輯設(shè)計PLC用戶報警，通過設(shè)定機床

49、參數(shù)規(guī)定每個報警的屬性。設(shè)定機床基本參數(shù)包括：PROFIBUS總線配置、伺服驅(qū)動器模塊定位、主軸和坐標軸位置控制使能以及傳動系統(tǒng)參數(shù)配比。</p><p>　　In the machine undergone a series of adjustments, NC Machine Tools has basically can be in normal operation. But to make the who

50、le system into the best running state, but also a system parameter optimization work. </p><p>　　在對機床進行了一系列調(diào)整后，數(shù)控機床已基本可以正常運行。但要使整個系統(tǒng)進入最佳運行狀態(tài)，還應(yīng)進行系統(tǒng)參數(shù)優(yōu)化等工作。</p><p>　　when the normal operation of t

51、he system as a whole, should also coordinate axis corresponding parameters such as optimal adjustment, such as: speed, gain, and the acceleration of the control parameters, in order to enable access to the best system of

52、 the state. In the normal operation of machine tools, machine tools should also mechanical parts, such as the vertical axis, the reverse gap, transmission precision measurement adjustments, the mechanical system to the b

53、est. Of course, the mechanical</p><p>　　當整個系統(tǒng)運行正常后，還應(yīng)對相應(yīng)的坐標軸等參數(shù)優(yōu)化調(diào)整，如：速度、增益、加速度及各項監(jiān)控參數(shù)等，以使系統(tǒng)進入最佳工作狀態(tài)。在機床正常運行后，還應(yīng)對機床機械部分，如各軸垂直度、反向間隙、傳動系統(tǒng)精度等進行測量調(diào)整，使機械系統(tǒng)達到最佳。當然，機械調(diào)整后，還應(yīng)對系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進行微調(diào)，以使機床運行在最佳狀態(tài)。當各部分的調(diào)整結(jié)束后，通過對機床機械

54、精度的測量，還需對數(shù)控機床的位控系統(tǒng)進行精度補償。反向間隙補償由于位置反饋編碼器裝在傳動絲杠的端頭，雖然消除了減速箱等機械傳動部分的反向間隙，但絲杠本身的反向間隙仍然存在，可將該值輸入系統(tǒng)相應(yīng)參數(shù)，每次反向運行時，系統(tǒng)自動補償。由于絲杠長期使用中的磨損，絲杠各位置的螺距與標稱值會有一定誤差，為提高定位精度，通過系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進行補償。</p><p>　　According to the production need

55、s of users with the process of transforming machine tools, from SINUMERIK 802D CNC system for the analysis, design and implementation. At present, against the machine mechanical, electrical, various aspects of the system

56、 transformation, installation, commissioning work has been completed, samples were processed fully achieve the desired results. Machine Tool has been transformed into normal use, the progressive completion of a number of

57、 machining tasks. From the u</p><p>　　根據(jù)用戶生產(chǎn)的需求，結(jié)合機床改造過程，對由SINUMERIK 802D數(shù)控系統(tǒng)進行了分析、設(shè)計及實施。目前，針對該機床的機械、電氣、系統(tǒng)各個方面的改造、安裝、調(diào)試工作已經(jīng)完成，樣件加工完全達到預(yù)期效果。改造后機床已投入正常使用，陸續(xù)完成了多項零件加工任務(wù)。從整個機床的使用、運行狀態(tài)來看，改造后機床與原機床相比，功能的極大增強、自動化程度

58、很高。 強大的數(shù)控功能極大地拓寬了機床加工零件的范圍。更好地保證了零件加工的一致性和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。同時高度的自動化也大大降低了操作工人的勞動強度，但對操作工人的綜合素質(zhì)又提出了更高的要求。</p><p>　　From the machine operable, compact structure reasonable, displays, switches and indicator of the layout m

59、ore suitable for the use of operators. At the same time increased by a small handheld unit operations, in order to operate in different state of the operation of a more appropriate choice of location. The hoisting of the

60、 entire operating system using TFT LCD, the window menu-operation, not only to reduce the operation buttons, but more simple and easy operation. </p><p>　　從機床的可操作性來看，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊合理，顯示器、各種開關(guān)和指示燈布局更適合操作人員的使用。同時增加了一個小型

61、的手持操作單元，以便于操作人員在不同的狀態(tài)下選擇更合適的操作位置。整個懸掛操作系統(tǒng)采用TFT液晶顯示器，窗口菜單式操作方式，不但減少了操作按鈕，而且操作更為簡單容易。</p><p>　　After transformation, the machine can be maintained and enhanced. NC system for monitoring the work of the state c

62、ontrol components and fault and displayed on the monitor in a timely manner, while PLC control applications, so that the whole machine tool control systems greatly simplify the circuit. All this makes machine fault detec

63、tion and maintenance more convenient and rapid. Secondly, the need to be tested, liquid injection, fuel components are arranged in operation or maintenance staff acce</p><p>　　改造后的機床增強了可維修性。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)可監(jiān)控各控制部件的工作狀態(tài)

64、及故障，并及時在顯示器上顯示，同時PLC控制的應(yīng)用，使整個機床控制系統(tǒng)線路大為簡化。所有這些都使機床故障檢測和維修更為方便、迅速。其次，需經(jīng)常進行檢測、注液、加油的部件均布置于操作或維修人員容易接近的地方，利于日常的保養(yǎng)維護。</p><p>　　After transformation, the machine reliability greatly improved. NC system, servo con

65、trol systems, such as the various components of the system are highly integrated computer control system, which makes the whole machine tool control system itself has a high reliability. Design and Application of PLC, su

66、cceeded in bringing all of the control to the harmonization greatly simplifies the machine control circuit and the necessary components, and more conducive to improving the reliability of the whol</p><p>　　改