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1、<p> 中文3500字,2000單詞,12500英文字符</p><p> 外文出處:De Bonis R, Silvestrini A. Internet finance and its influence on traditional banking [J]. Applied Financial Economics, 2016,3(5): 409-425. <
2、;/p><p><b> 原文 </b></p><p> Internet finance and its influence on traditional banking</p><p> De Bonis R, Silvestrini A</p><p> Abstracts </p><p
3、> With the rapid development of information technology, Internet financial model gradually rise. This paper summarizes the Internet financial model on the basis of the concept, features and functions of Internet
4、 financial model in strategy, customer channels, financing, pricing and financial disintermediation of the impact of the traditional commercial bank. This paper argues that Internet financial model in the short term
5、 will not stand in the way of commercial bank's traditional business model a</p><p> Key words: Financial innovation; Internet financial; Financial disintermediation </p><p> At present, m
6、obile payment, online banking, mobile banking and financial business in China's booming financial innovations such as cloud, thus formed a new kind of financial model -- the Internet finance. Big data
7、era and brand creation, spread to the development of financial institutions is both a challenge and opportunity. Along with the development of the Internet financial, emerging Internet traditional financial companie
8、s and financial institutions will be a fierce competition, the future m</p><p> The Internet financial concepts, features and functions </p><p> The concept of the Internet financial. <
9、;/p><p> After years of development, Internet companies stay in business does not provide technical support to financial institutions and service level, the data accumulated through the depth of mining informa
10、tion, to expand our business to the financial sector, build financial models and Internet become the emerging field of combining information technology and capital. Internet financial model is different from indirec
11、t financing of commercial bank, it is also different from direct financing capital ma</p><p> The characteristics of the Internet financial. </p><p> Availability of financial resources.&
12、#160;Financial exclusion is defined as: people in the financial system lack a condition in which the share of financial services, including the social vulnerable groups in the lack of ways or methods is close to financia
13、l institutions, as well as in the use of financial products or financial services exist difficulties and obstacles. The current management mode, the traditional commercial Banks unable to efficiently deal with small
14、 companies, and part of the indiv</p><p> Trading the relative information. The traditional financing mode, the financial institutions to obtain investment enterprises, especially small micro enterpris
15、e information cost is higher, income and cost does not match. Internet financial generation and dissemination of information through social network, any enterprise and individual information will contact with other
16、subjects. Both parties to collect information via the Internet, can be more comprehensive understanding of a business or perso</p><p> The allocation of resources to mediation. The traditional fin
17、ancing mode, the money supply and demand both sides information often don't match. Capital demanders can't get the money in time to support at the same time, capital suppliers also can't find good invest
18、ment projects. Internet financial mode, the money supply and demand both sides no longer need the intermediary institutions such as Banks or exchange set, can be done through the network platform to information scre
19、ening, matching, pric</p><p> The Internet financial function. </p><p> The platform function Financial enterprises establish the platform of network financial via the Internet, customers
20、 can choose the suitable financial products, just move your fingers, which can carry out payment, loan, investment, financial activities, such as convenient and quick, from running errands, and waiting for customer.
21、;</p><p> The allocation of resources (i.e., financing) function. Internet financial is essentially a way of direct financing. Internet financial mode, we can easily check counterparty transaction
22、 records; To find the right risk management tools and risk diversification; In-depth analysis the data by information technology, comprehensive and in-depth master competitors information, improve the efficiency of resou
23、rce allocation. As the Internet financial model, the concept of "since the financial" arises a</p><p> Information gathering and processing. Traditional financial mode, the information r
24、esources dispersed, confused data is difficult to effectively handle the application. Internet financial mode, people use "cloud computing" principle, information asymmetry, the pyramid can be flattened, r
25、ealize the standardization of data, structured, increasing the service efficiency of the data. </p><p> Second, the Internet's influence on the traditional commercial banking financial mode to revi
26、ew the financial strategy, to adapt to the challenges of the Internet financial model. The emergence of the Internet financial model for small and medium-sized bank provides an opportunity to compete with the big Ba
27、nks. If you can make good use of this model, the positive innovation, will catch up with the big Banks in some emerging business, the formation of competitiveness. Traditional banking may be b</p><p&
28、gt; The development of banking customer and channel </p><p> The customer is the basis of commercial Banks and other financial institutions to the business. Internet financial model for commercial Ban
29、ks to expand the customer base. In 2012, the global Internet users up to 2012 people; Chinese Internet users is 565 million (2), the number of online shopping, 193 million (3).Under the mode of Internet financial, c
30、ommercial Banks can be combined with its own strategy, on the one hand, to attract new customers; On the other hand, increase customer adhesivenes</p><p> Improve efficiency of resource allocation, effectiv
31、ely solve the small micro enterprise financing difficult problem. </p><p> Internet financial companies with large data, cloud computing, and micro lending technology. These three technologies can
32、 make a comprehensive understanding of the Internet financial institutions the business practices of small businesses and individual customers and credit rating, and establish a database and network credit system. I
33、n the credit review, investors will network trading and credit history as a reference and analysis indicators. Loan object such as a default, financial firms still </p><p> The price discovery function
34、, and promote the mercerization of interest rate.</p><p> Internet financial model can objectively reflect the market supply and demand both sides price preferences, commercial Banks and other financial ins
35、titutions respond to interest rate marketization. Debit offer Internet financial as a trading platform, funds, credit on the basis of the liquidity preference choice, risk factors, such as loan object, the two sides
36、 bargaining to clinch a deal, trading market completely. With market-oriented interest rate, financial institutions cannot completely dep</p><p> To speed up financial disintermediation. </p>
37、;<p> Traditional Banks in the financial business, mainly ACTS as a financial intermediary function. Internet financial will accelerate financial disintermediation, make the funds of commercial Banks interme
38、diary function marginalized. In the Internet financial mode, Internet companies to provide financial search platform for capital supply and demand, as money information intermediary role. From the perspective o
39、f financing, capital supply and demand both sides using search platform for trading objec</p><p> Third, the Internet financial mode development trend and strategy of commercial Banks. Overall, the Int
40、ernet financial institutions development speed is fast, but the volume is relatively small, short-term would not shake commercial bank's traditional business model and profit way. Sustained and healthy developme
41、nt of the financial industry, the author thinks that, the Internet, need to pay attention to the following four points: first, the Internet financial enterprises should self-discipline, </p><p> Traditional
42、 model of commercial Banks in the Internet age still has advantages. Commercial Banks' capital strength, cognitive and high credit standing, perfect infrastructure, physical outlets are widely distributed, entit
43、y bank can establish the trust of the tangible. In addition to providing traditional commercial bank loan business, wealth depository and provide payment and settlement business media, also for the society to provid
44、e liquidity insurance, support normal economic activity. Some f</p><p><b> 譯文 </b></p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融以及它對(duì)傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)的影響</p><p> 作者:伯尼斯;席爾瓦尼</p><p> 摘要 隨著信息技術(shù)的
45、快速發(fā)展,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式逐漸興起。本文在總結(jié)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式的概念、特征和功能的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式在戰(zhàn)略、客戶渠道、融資、定價(jià)以及金融脫媒等方面對(duì)傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行產(chǎn)生的影響。本文認(rèn)為,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式短期內(nèi)不會(huì)動(dòng)搖商業(yè)銀行傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)模式和盈利方式 , 但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)大力利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式,以獲得新的發(fā)展。與此同時(shí) , 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融業(yè)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展要依靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)的自律、積極創(chuàng)新,還要吸引更多的客戶、加強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)安全建設(shè)。 <
46、;/p><p> 關(guān)鍵詞 :金融創(chuàng)新 ;互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融 ;金融脫媒 </p><p> 當(dāng)前,移動(dòng)支付、網(wǎng)上銀行、手機(jī)銀行、云金融等金融創(chuàng)新業(yè)務(wù)在美國(guó)蓬勃發(fā)展,由此形成了一種新的金融模式——互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融。大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代給金融機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展和品牌創(chuàng)立、傳播既帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn),也帶來(lái)機(jī)遇。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的發(fā)展壯大,新興互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融公司和傳統(tǒng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)將展開激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng),未來(lái)甚至可能改變傳統(tǒng)金融 業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)模式和運(yùn)行格局。 &l
47、t;/p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的概念、特征和功能 </p><p><b> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的概念 </b></p><p> 經(jīng)過(guò)多年發(fā)展,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)沒(méi)有停留在向金融機(jī)構(gòu)提供技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)層面,通過(guò)深度挖掘積累下來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)信息,將業(yè)務(wù)拓展至金融領(lǐng)域,構(gòu)建出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式并成為信息技術(shù)與金融資本相結(jié)合的新興領(lǐng)域?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式是既不同于商業(yè)銀
48、行間接融資、也不同于資本市場(chǎng)直接融資的第三種金融融資模式。從融資模式角度看,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式本質(zhì)上是一種直接融資模式。但與傳統(tǒng)直接融資模式相比,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)融資模式具有信息量大、交易成本低、效率高等特點(diǎn)。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融是信息時(shí)代的一種金融模式。筆者認(rèn)為,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融是依托現(xiàn)代信息科技進(jìn)行的金融活動(dòng),具有融資、支付和交易中介等功能。 </p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的特征。 </p><p> 金融資源
49、的可獲得性強(qiáng)。將金融排斥定義為 :人們?cè)诮鹑隗w系中缺少分享金融服務(wù)的一種狀態(tài),包括社會(huì)中弱勢(shì)群體缺少途徑或方式接近金融機(jī)構(gòu),以及在利用金融產(chǎn)品或金融服務(wù)方面存在困難和障礙。當(dāng)前經(jīng)營(yíng)模式下,傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行無(wú)法高效應(yīng)對(duì)小微企業(yè)和部分個(gè)人客戶的業(yè)務(wù)要求,導(dǎo)致對(duì)某些客戶的金融排斥?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,客戶能夠突破地域限制,在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上尋找需要的金融資源,緩解金融排斥,提升社會(huì)福利水平。 </p><p> 交易信息相對(duì)對(duì)稱。
50、傳統(tǒng)融資模式下,金融機(jī)構(gòu)獲得投資企業(yè),特別是小微企業(yè)的信息成本較高,收益與成本不匹配?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融通過(guò)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)生成和傳播信息,搜集信息,能夠較全面了解一個(gè)企業(yè)或個(gè)人的財(cái)力和信用情況,降低信息不對(duì)稱。當(dāng)貸款對(duì)象違約時(shí),互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)可以通過(guò)公開違約和降低評(píng)級(jí)信息等方式,增加違約成本。 </p><p> 資源配置去中介化。傳統(tǒng)融資模式下,資金供求雙方信息經(jīng)常不匹配。資金需求方無(wú)法及時(shí)得到資金支持的同時(shí),資金供給方也
51、不能找到好的投資項(xiàng)目。 </p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,資金供求雙方不再需要銀行或交易所等中介機(jī)構(gòu)撮合,可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)自行完成信息甄別、匹配、定價(jià)和交易,去中介化作用明顯。 </p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的功能。 </p><p> 平臺(tái)功能。通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)搭建的網(wǎng)絡(luò)金融平臺(tái),客戶可自行選擇適合 的金融產(chǎn)品,只需動(dòng)動(dòng)手指,即能開展支付、貸款、投資等
52、金融活動(dòng),方便快捷,免去客戶跑腿、等待之苦。 </p><p> 資源配置(即融資)功能?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融本質(zhì)上是一種直接融資方式。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,我們能夠方便地查閱交易對(duì)手的交易記錄 ;找到合適的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理工具與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散工具 ;通過(guò)信息技術(shù)深入分析數(shù)據(jù),全面、深入掌握對(duì)手信息,提高了資源配置效率。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式興起,“自金融”的概念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。 </p><p> 支付功能?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模
53、式下,商家和客戶之間的支付由第三方來(lái)完成,方便、快捷,成本更低。第三方支付或?qū)⑾魅跎虡I(yè)銀行、傳統(tǒng)支付平臺(tái)的地位。目前,中國(guó)人民銀行為約 200 家第三方支付企業(yè)頒發(fā)了支付業(yè)務(wù)許可證。2012 年,美國(guó)第三方互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在線支付市場(chǎng)交易規(guī)模達(dá) 3.8 萬(wàn)億元。 </p><p> 信息搜集和處理。傳統(tǒng)金融模式下,信息資源分散龐雜,數(shù)據(jù)難以有效處理應(yīng)用?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,人們利用“云計(jì)算”原理,可以將不對(duì)稱、金字塔型的信
54、息扁平化,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、結(jié)構(gòu)化,提高數(shù)據(jù)使用效率。 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式對(duì)傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行業(yè)務(wù)的影響 </p><p> 重新審視金融戰(zhàn)略,適應(yīng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式的出現(xiàn)為中小銀行提供了與大銀行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的契機(jī)。如果能夠利用好這一模式,積極創(chuàng)新,將在一些新興業(yè)務(wù)上趕超大銀行,形成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)可能因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式發(fā)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局的改變。一些互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)已不滿足只做第三方網(wǎng)絡(luò)支付平臺(tái),而是憑借數(shù)據(jù)信息積累
55、與挖掘的優(yōu)勢(shì),直接向供應(yīng)鏈、小微企業(yè)信貸等融資領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)張,未來(lái)可能沖擊傳統(tǒng)銀行的核心業(yè)務(wù)、搶奪銀行客戶資源、替代銀行物理渠道,顛覆銀行傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)營(yíng)模式和盈利方式。 </p><p> 拓展銀行業(yè)務(wù)的客戶和渠道 </p><p> 客戶是商業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式有利于商業(yè)銀行拓展客戶基礎(chǔ)。2012 年,全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶達(dá) 24 億人 ;美國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶為 5.65億人②,網(wǎng)
56、購(gòu)人數(shù) 1.93 億人③。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,商業(yè)銀行可以與自身戰(zhàn)略結(jié)合,一方面挖掘、吸引新客戶 ;另一方面增加客戶粘合度,拉近與客戶間的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,銀行傳統(tǒng)目標(biāo)客戶群可能發(fā)生改變,傳統(tǒng)物理網(wǎng)點(diǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)弱化,追求多樣化個(gè)性化服務(wù)的中小企業(yè)及個(gè)人客戶更傾向于通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)參與各種金融交易。商業(yè)銀行傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值創(chuàng)造和實(shí)現(xiàn)方式將發(fā)生改變,能夠提供 快捷、低成本服務(wù)的金融機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)得到市場(chǎng)青睞。 </p><p> 提
57、升資源配置效率,有效解決小微企業(yè)融資難題 </p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)擁有大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算和微貸技術(shù)。這三項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以使互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)全面了解小企業(yè)和個(gè)人客戶的經(jīng)營(yíng)行為和信用等級(jí),建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)信用體系。在信貸審核時(shí),投資者將網(wǎng)絡(luò)交易和信用記錄作為參考和分析指標(biāo)。貸款對(duì)象如違約,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)還可利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)搜集和發(fā)布信息,提高違約成本,降低投資者風(fēng)險(xiǎn),在服務(wù)中小企業(yè)融資及個(gè)人貸款具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
58、金融模式可以超越傳統(tǒng)融資方式的資源配置效率,大幅減少交易成本,有力支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。 </p><p> 價(jià)格發(fā)現(xiàn)功能,推動(dòng)利率市場(chǎng)化 </p><p> 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式能夠客觀反映市場(chǎng)供求雙方的價(jià)格偏好,是商業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)對(duì)利率市場(chǎng)化的有效方式。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融作為交易平臺(tái),資金借方報(bào)價(jià),貸方依據(jù)對(duì)流動(dòng)性、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等因素偏好選擇貸款對(duì)象,雙方議價(jià)成交,交易完全市場(chǎng)化。隨著利率市場(chǎng)化推進(jìn),金
59、融機(jī)構(gòu)不能完全依賴央行的基準(zhǔn)利率指導(dǎo),應(yīng)主動(dòng)在市場(chǎng)上尋找利率基準(zhǔn)?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)模式下,金融機(jī)構(gòu)可以通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融市場(chǎng)利率走勢(shì),判斷特定客戶群的利率水平。如果還能夠深入研究挖掘數(shù)據(jù),甚至可以形成完全由市場(chǎng)決定的“利率指數(shù)”,從而完善貸款定價(jià)基礎(chǔ)。 </p><p><b> 加速金融脫媒 </b></p><p> 傳統(tǒng)銀行在金融業(yè)務(wù)往來(lái)中,主要充當(dāng)資金中介的職能?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)
60、金融將加速金融脫媒,使商業(yè)銀行的資金中介功能邊緣化。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式下,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)為資金供需雙方提供金融搜索平臺(tái),充當(dāng)資金信息中介的角色。從融資角度看,資金供需雙方利用搜索平臺(tái)尋找交易對(duì)象,之后的融資交易過(guò)程由雙方自己完成。從支付角度看,第三方支付平臺(tái)已能為客戶提供收付款、自動(dòng)分賬以及轉(zhuǎn)賬匯款等結(jié)算和支付服務(wù),與傳統(tǒng)銀行支付業(yè)務(wù)形成替代。 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和商業(yè)銀行的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。 </p><p> 總體來(lái)
61、看,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展速度雖快,但交易量相對(duì)較小,短期不會(huì)動(dòng)搖商業(yè)銀行傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)營(yíng)模式和盈利方式。筆者認(rèn)為,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融行業(yè)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,需要注意以下四點(diǎn) :首先,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)應(yīng)自律,業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展不能鉆法律空子和監(jiān)管漏洞,應(yīng)以支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)。其次,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)應(yīng)積極創(chuàng) 新,不斷嫁接金融服務(wù)與信息科技功能,探索新業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域,與傳統(tǒng)金融業(yè)務(wù)模式形成互補(bǔ)。再次,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)要利用自身資源,打破地域界限,吸引更多客戶,操作盡可能“傻瓜化”。最
62、后,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)安全建設(shè),保障交易者的資金、信息安全。從社會(huì)環(huán)境看,人們應(yīng)給予互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)更加開放、寬容的態(tài)度。保證金融穩(wěn)定和安全的前提下,相關(guān)部門可以考慮突破地域、行業(yè)限制,鼓勵(lì)金融業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),維護(hù)好社會(huì)金融生態(tài)環(huán)境。 </p><p> 傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行模式在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代仍有優(yōu)勢(shì)。商業(yè)銀行資金實(shí)力雄厚、認(rèn)知和誠(chéng)信度高,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完善,物理網(wǎng)點(diǎn)分布廣泛,實(shí)體銀行可建立看得見摸得著的信任。傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行除提供存
63、貸業(yè)務(wù)、財(cái)富存管業(yè)務(wù)和為支付結(jié)算提供媒介外,還為社會(huì)提供流動(dòng)性保險(xiǎn),支持正常經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。一些金融業(yè)務(wù)需要專業(yè)人士經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷,信息技術(shù)無(wú)法完全替代面對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融公司業(yè)務(wù)的蓬勃發(fā)展,商業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)密切關(guān)注互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的發(fā)展動(dòng)向,轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展觀念,積極調(diào)整戰(zhàn)略。商業(yè)銀行利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式,可以深度整合互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)與銀行核心業(yè)務(wù),提升客戶服務(wù)質(zhì)量,拓展服務(wù)渠道,提高業(yè)務(wù)水平,適應(yīng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式給傳統(tǒng)金融格局帶來(lái)的沖擊,獲得新發(fā)展。結(jié)合自身比較優(yōu)勢(shì),在
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