外文翻譯----液壓站及液壓元件發(fā)展概況

1、<p>　　Hydraulic Station and the development of hydraulic components Profiles</p><p>　　Hydraulic Pump Station also known as the stations are independent h- ydraulic device. </p><p>　　It requ

2、ested by the oil gradually. And controlling the hydraulic oil flow direction, pressure and flow rate, applied to the mainframe and hy- draulic devices separability of hydraulic machinery. </p><p>　　Users wil

3、l be provided after the purchase hydraulic station and host of implementing agencies (motor oil or fuel tanks) connected with tubing, Hydraulic machinery can be realized from these movements and the work cycle.</p>

4、<p>　　Hydraulic pump station is installed, Manifold or valve combination, t- anks, a combination of electrical boxes.</p><p>　　Functional components : </p><p>　　Pump device -- is equipped

5、 with motors and pumps, hydraulic station is the source of power. to mechanical energy into hydraulic oil pressure can be. </p><p>　　Manifold -- from hydraulic valve body and channel assembled. Right directi

6、on for implementation of hydraulic oil, pressure and flow control. </p><p>　　Valve portfolio -- plate valve is installed in up board after board conn-</p><p>　　ects with the same functional IC.

7、</p><p>　　Tank -- plate welding semi-closed containers, also loaded with oil filtering network, air filters, used oil, oil filters and cooling. </p><p>　　Electrical boxes -- at the two patterns.

8、 A set of external fuse terminal plate; distribution of a full range of electrical control. </p><p>　　Hydraulic Station principle : motor driven pump rotation, which pump oil absorption from the oil tank. to

9、 mechanical energy into hydraulic pressure to the station, hydraulic oil through Manifold (or valve combinations) realized the direction, pressure, After adjusting flow pipe and external to the cylinder hydraulic machine

10、ry or motor oil, so as to control the direction of the motive fluid transformation force the size and speed the pace of promoting the various acting hydraulic machinery. </p><p>　　A development course </p

11、><p>　　China Hydraulic (including hydraulic, the same below), pneumatic and seals industrial development process can be broadly divided into three phases, namely : 20 early 1950s to the early 1960s, the initial

12、 stage; 60's and 70 for specialized production system ;80~90's growth stage for the rapid development stage. Which, hydraulic industry in the early 1950s from the machine tool industry production of fake Su-grind

13、er, broaching machine, copying lathe, and other hydraulic drive started, Hydraulic Co</p><p>　　Since the 1980s, in the country's reform and opening up policy guidelines, with the development of the machi

14、nery industry, based mainframe pieces behind the conflicts have become increasingly prominent and attracted the attention of the relevant departments. To this end, the Ministry of the original one in 1982, formed the bas

15、is of common pieces of Industry, will be scattered in the original machine tools, agricultural machinery, mechanical engineering industries centralized hydraulic, pneumatic</p><p>　　Second, the current situa

16、tion </p><p>　　(1) Basic Profiles </p><p>　　After 40 years of efforts, China hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing industry has formed a relatively complete categories. a certain level of technical c

17、apacity and the industrial system. According to the 1995 Third National Industrial Census statistics, hydraulic, Pneumatic seals and industrial 370,000 annual sales income of 100 million yuan in state-owned, village-run,

18、 private and cooperative enterprises, individual, "three capital" enterprises with a total of more than 1,300, of which about 700 </p><p>　　(2) the current supply and demand profiles </p>&l

19、t;p>　　Through the introduction of technology, independent development and technological innovation, and high-pressure piston pump, gear pumps, vane pump, General Motors hydraulic valves, tanks, Non-lubricated aerodyna

20、mic pieces and various seals of the first large technology products has increased noticeably. stability of the mass production may, for various mainframe products provide a level of assurance. In addition, hydraulic and

21、pneumatic components of the CAD system, pollution control, proportion</p><p>　　1998 pieces of homemade hydraulic output 4.8 million. sales of about 28 billion (of which about 70% mechanical systems); aerodyn

22、amic pieces yield 3.6 million. sales of about 5.5 billion (of which about 60% of mechanical systems); Seals output of about 800 million. sales of about 10 billion (of which about 50% mechanical systems). According to the

23、 China Hydraulic Pneumatic Seals Industry Association 1998 annual report, hydraulic product sales rate of 97. 5% (101% for hydraulic), pneumatic 95.9%, </p><p>　　My hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing industry

24、has attained a great deal of progress, but with mainframe development needs, and the world's advanced level, there are still many gaps, mainly reflected in the product variety, performance and reliability, and so on.

25、 Hydraulic products as an example, products abroad only one-third, life for half abroad. In order to meet key mainframe, and mainframe imports of major technology and equipment needs, every year a large number of hydraul

26、ic, pneumatic and s</p><p>　　Third, the development trend of the future </p><p>　　1, affect the development of the main factors </p><p>　　(1) product development ability, and the le

27、vel of technological development and speed can not completely meet the advanced mainframe products, major equipment and technology imported equipment and maintenance support; </p><p>　　(2) the number of ente

28、rprises manufacturing technology, the level of equipment and management standards are comparatively backward, coupled with a strong sense of quality, resulting in low levels of product performance, quality, Reliability p

29、oor services in a timely manner, lack of user satisfaction and trust of the brand-name products;</p><p>　　(3) industry specialization of production low, scattered strength, low repeat serious, between region

30、s and enterprises of convergence products, blindly compete with each other, driving down prices, the decline of enterprise returns, lack of funds, liquidity difficulties, product development and technological transformat

31、ion is inadequate and seriously restricted the industry to improve the overall level of competition and the increase of strength; </p><p>　　(4) The internationalization of the domestic market and the increas

32、ing degree of foreign companies have entered the Chinese market and participate in competition with the domestic private and cooperative enterprises, individuals, foreign-funded enterprises, such as the rise of state-own

33、ed enterprises due to the growing impact. </p><p>　　2, the development trend </p><p>　　As the socialist market economy continues to deepen, hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing products in the marke

34、t supply and demand and there is a greater change, long ago to a "shortage" of the seller's market has basically become a "structural surplus" of the characteristics of the buyer's market plac

35、e . Overall capacity, is already in oversupply situation, in particular the general low level of hydraulic, pneumatic and seals, the general oversupply; and the host of urgent high-tech high-parameter,</p><p&g

36、t;　　液壓站及液壓元件發(fā)展概況</p><p>　　液壓站又稱液壓泵站，是獨立的液壓裝置。</p><p>　　它按逐級要求供油。并控制液壓油流的方向、壓力和流量，適用于主機與液壓裝置可分離的各種液壓機械上。</p><p>　　用戶購后只要將液壓站與主機上的執(zhí)行機構（油缸或油馬達）用油管相連，液壓機械即可實現(xiàn)各種規(guī)定的動作和工作循環(huán)。</p>&l

37、t;p>　　液壓站是由泵裝置、集成塊或閥組合、油箱、電氣盒組合而成。各部件功能為：</p><p>　　泵裝置－－上裝有電機和油泵，是液壓站的動力源，將機械能轉化為液壓油的壓力能。</p><p>　　集成塊－－由液壓閥及通道體組裝而成。對液壓油實行方向、壓力和流量調節(jié)。</p><p>　　閥組合－－板式閥裝在立板上，板后管連接，與集成塊功能相同。</

38、p><p>　　油箱－－板焊的半封閉容器，上還裝有濾油網(wǎng)、空氣濾清器等，用來儲油、油的冷卻及過濾。</p><p>　　電氣盒－－分兩種型式。一種設置外接引線的端子板；一種配置了全套控制電器。</p><p>　　液壓站的工作原理：電機帶動油泵轉動，泵從油箱中吸油供油，將機械能轉化為液壓站的壓力能，液壓油通過集成塊（或閥組合）實現(xiàn)了方向、壓力、流量調節(jié)后經(jīng)外接管路并至液

39、壓機械的油缸或油馬達中，從而控制液動機方向的變換、力量的大小及速度的快慢，推動各種液壓機械做功。</p><p>　　一、發(fā)展歷程 　　我國液壓（含液力，下同）、氣動和密封件工業(yè)發(fā)展歷程，大致可分為三個階段，即：20世紀50年代初到60年代初為起步階段；60~70年代為專業(yè)化生產體系成長階段；80~90年代為快速發(fā)展階段。其中，液壓工業(yè)于50年代初從機床行業(yè)生產仿蘇的磨床、拉床、仿形車床等液壓傳動起步，液壓元件

40、由機床廠的液壓車間生產，自產自用。進入60年代后，液壓技術的應用從機床逐漸推廣到農業(yè)機械和工程機械等領域，原來附屬于主機廠的液壓車間有的獨立出來，成為液壓件專業(yè)生產廠。到了60年代末、70年代初，隨著生產機械化的發(fā)展，特別是在為第二汽車制造廠等提供高效、自動化設備的帶動下，液壓元件制造業(yè)出現(xiàn)了迅速發(fā)展的局面，一批中小企業(yè)也成為液壓件專業(yè)制造廠。1968年中國液壓元件年產量已接近20萬件；1973年在機床、農機、工程機械等行業(yè)，生產液壓件