學(xué)生考勤管理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　中文2930字</b></p><p>　　Design and Implementation of the Management System for Students Attendance</p><p>　　As for the development of information technology and economic,

2、computer and networking applications become increasingly common. With the school informational construction inputs are constantly increasing, the construction of campus network accesses to space development. Networks hav

3、e gradually infiltrated into the school management, teaching and other areas.For example: A comprehensive education system which utilizes information technology of the network to carry on college course to educate, it<

4、;/p><p>　　The Manager System for Students Attendance is a system which can help exchange information between the school and students. As we know,In the high schools, students’job of check on work attendance n

5、ot only workload is very large,but also time is very strong.In the past many high schools carry through managing by signing in and reporting forms, efficiency and diaphaneity are not good,and easy make a mistake,too.Alon

6、g with development of database technology and progress of corporation informatio</p><p>　　The system is based on Browser/Server (browser/server) structure and developed by JSP language and MySQL database. It

7、 also uses TOMCAT as a server. The system is written by the language: HTML and JAVA. The key techniques used in the process of development are: the page modularization, dynamic generating and static page showing of infor

8、mation, etc. And the thesis focuses on the introduction of the system’s attendance management and the management of asking for leave online.And it develops the fun</p><p>　　Constructing the attendancesystem

9、based on MVC is the typical case that uses JSP - Action-JAVABAN to develop the website, it involves to the MVC design pattern, as well as the backstage database, the tied operation between the fundamental table and the s

10、ystem downstage, this system through the JDBC gain database actuation to tie up the fundamental table in the database and the downstage system. To construct the system in the process, I use MYECLIPSE to make the softwa

11、re development kit of my s</p><p>　　Implementation of a system is bound to apply to different resources, and technology. So, let's discuss this appraisal system under the use of technology in the applica

12、tion of concepts and resources:</p><p>　　MVC and User Interfaces　MVC was first popularized with Smalltalk and is now used in many modern user interface frameworks. One of the primary benefits of MVC is that

13、it provides reusable components for interactive user interfaces. Swing does this admirably for rich Java clients, while Struts does so to a lesser extent on the Web. Even though the introduction of Tiles to Struts provid

14、es more reuse, the components are still more page-centric as opposed to Swing's more fine-grained widget-centric a</p><p><b>　　JSP</b></p><p>　　Put succinctly, JAVA Server Pages

15、is a technology for developing web pages that include dynamic content. Unlike a plain HTML page, which contains static content that always remains the same, a JSP page can change its content based on any number of variab

16、le items, including the identity of the user, the user's browser type, information provided by the user, and selections made by the user.</p><p>　　A JSP page contains standard markup language elements, s

17、uch as HTML tags, just like a regular web page. However, a JSP page also contains special JSP elements that allow the server to insert dynamic content in the page. JSP elements can be used for a variety of purposes, such

18、 as retrieving information from a database or registering user preferences. When a user asks for a JSP page, the server executes the JSP elements, merges the results with the static parts of the page, and sends the dynam

19、ical</p><p><b>　　S2SH</b></p><p>　　DAO layer is responsible for interaction with persistent objects. This layer encapsulates the data, add, delete, check, change operation.</p>

20、<p>　　A typical J2EE three-tier structure, divided into the presentation layer, middle layer (business logic) and data services layer. Three-tier system, the business rules, data access and verify the legitimacy o

21、f such work on the intermediate layer processing. Clients do not directly interact with the database, but by the middle tier components and establish connections, then the middle tier and database interaction.</p>

22、<p>　　S2SH framework</p><p>　　A typical J2EE three-tier structure, divided into the presentation layer, middle layer (business logic) and data services layer. Three-tier system, the business rules, dat

23、a access and verify the legitimacy of such work on the intermediate layer processing. Clients do not directly interact with the database, but by the middle tier components and establish connections, then the middle tier

24、and database interaction.</p><p>　　JSP presentation layer is the traditional technology, since its inception in 1999, after years of development, its wide application and stable performance, as the presentat

25、ion layer technology for laying a solid foundation.</p><p>　　The middle layer is the popular Spring + Hibernate, in order to control the separation layer and business logic layer, further divided into the fo

26、llowing.</p><p>　　Web tier is the MVC pattern inside the "C" (controller), controls the business logic and presentation layer of interaction, called business logic layer, and business data back to

27、the presentation layer for organizational performance, the system using Struts MVC framework .</p><p>　　Service layer (ie business logic), is responsible for achieving business logic. Business logic to DAO l

28、ayer based on the positive mode DAO component packaging, complete system requires business logic.</p><p>　　DAO layer is responsible for interaction with persistent objects. This layer encapsulates the data,

29、add, delete, check, change operation.</p><p>　　PO, persistent object. Through the entity-relational mapping tool for data relational database mapping objects, it is easy to realize object-oriented way of ope

30、rating the database, the system uses Hibernate as the ORM framework.</p><p>　　Spring's role throughout the entire middle layer, the Web layer, Service layer, DAO layer and PO seamless integration of its

31、data services layer is used to store data.</p><p>　　A good framework that allows developers to reduce the re-establishment of the burden of the program to solve complex problems and energy; it can be extende

32、d to the custom-house; and has a strong user community to support it. Usually a good framework to solve a problem. However, your application is layered, each layer may need their own framework. Only solve the UI problem

33、does not mean you can be good business logic and persistence logic, and UI components of a good coupling.</p><p>　　First，Development efficiency: the use of strict J2EE layered architecture, can be avoided wh

34、en a simple button changes the page will damage the system. Changes to the presentation layer if an error occurs, it will not be extended to business logic errors, but will not affect the persistence layer. Therefore, th

35、e use of J2EE layered architecture, even if the pre-development efficiency slightly lower, but it is worth.</p><p>　　Second, changes in demand: customer demand for software, software development process, wit

36、h the depth, clarity up constantly. Therefore, software developers often encounter a certain extent, due to customer demand for software change, making the realization of the software had to change. When the software nee

37、ds to change, it can as much as possible to retain some of the software, change as little as possible the realization of software to meet customer needs change? The answer is - with good dec</p><p>　　Using H

38、ibernate as the persistence layer technology is the biggest advantage: you can completely object-oriented approach to system analysis, system design.</p><p>　　As from the Spring DAO factory, not the programm

39、er to achieve the factory model, only need to configure the Spring DAO component container, managed by the ApplicationContext can create DAO components. With Spring provides dependency injection, other components do not

40、even have to visit the factory and they can directly use the DAO instance</p><p>　　學(xué)生考勤管理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)</p><p>　　由于信息技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用變得越來(lái)越普遍。隨著學(xué)校信息化建設(shè)投入的不斷增加,校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)空間的建設(shè)發(fā)展。網(wǎng)絡(luò)已經(jīng)逐漸滲透到學(xué)校管理、教學(xué)等領(lǐng)域。例如:一個(gè)全面

41、的教育系統(tǒng),利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息技術(shù)進(jìn)行大學(xué)課程教育,它提供了從網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂,基本研究與討論,回答問(wèn)題和處理作業(yè)等功能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)教師和學(xué)生的檢查。</p><p>　　學(xué)生考勤管理系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)有利于學(xué)校和學(xué)生之間進(jìn)行信息交互的系統(tǒng)。我們都知道，在各個(gè)高校中，學(xué)生的考勤工作不僅工作量大，而且時(shí)間非常緊迫。在過(guò)去的高校中，學(xué)校多采用簽到和報(bào)表的形式進(jìn)行管理，效率和透明度較差，并且也容易出錯(cuò)；隨著數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和企業(yè)信息化建設(shè)的進(jìn)行，

42、使用計(jì)算機(jī)管理學(xué)生考勤工作也成為大勢(shì)所趨，它為高校的考勤工作節(jié)約了大量的人力和物力，也大大減輕了考勤工作人員的工作量。本系統(tǒng)主要針對(duì)目前高校學(xué)生在線(xiàn)請(qǐng)假以及學(xué)生上課出勤管理而設(shè)計(jì)的信息系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)總體上由三大功能模塊：請(qǐng)假系統(tǒng)模塊、考勤系統(tǒng)模塊、后臺(tái)管理模塊組成。系統(tǒng)涉及到高校四大類(lèi)用戶(hù)：學(xué)生、任課老師、班主任、系統(tǒng)管理員。管理員是最高權(quán)限者，擁有所有操作權(quán)限，教師擁有一級(jí)審核和查詢(xún)權(quán)限，學(xué)生只有查詢(xún)權(quán)限。</p><

43、;p>　　本系統(tǒng)是以Browser/Server（瀏覽器/服務(wù)器）結(jié)構(gòu)和JSP語(yǔ)言及MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和TOMCAT服務(wù)器開(kāi)發(fā)的。系統(tǒng)語(yǔ)言為Html和JAVA，本系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中運(yùn)用了頁(yè)面模塊化、信息發(fā)布的動(dòng)態(tài)生成、靜態(tài)頁(yè)面顯示等技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)。本文重點(diǎn)介紹該系統(tǒng)的請(qǐng)假系統(tǒng)、考勤系統(tǒng)兩大功能模塊設(shè)計(jì)，完成學(xué)生、任課老師、班主任三類(lèi)用戶(hù)功能的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。系統(tǒng)地闡述了考勤系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)的全過(guò)程。包括系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì)，邏輯框架與數(shù)據(jù)流程，各個(gè)功能模塊

44、劃分，系統(tǒng)功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì)與具體實(shí)現(xiàn)等部分。</p><p>　　基于MVC構(gòu)建考勤系統(tǒng)是使用JSP—Action—JavaBean開(kāi)發(fā)網(wǎng)站的典型案例，它涉及到MVC的設(shè)計(jì)模式，以及后臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、基本表與系統(tǒng)前臺(tái)的綁定操作，本系統(tǒng)是通過(guò)JDBC驅(qū)動(dòng)獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)來(lái)綁定數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中基本表和系統(tǒng)前臺(tái)的。在構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程中，我采用MYECLIPSE一起作為我的系統(tǒng)后臺(tái)軟件的開(kāi)發(fā)工具；采用DREAMWEAVER 作為我前臺(tái)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的

45、制作工具。</p><p>　　一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，必然會(huì)運(yùn)用到不同的資源、技術(shù)。那么，讓我們來(lái)探討下這個(gè)考勤系統(tǒng)中所運(yùn)用的技術(shù)理念以及資源：</p><p>　　MVC和用戶(hù)接口MVC是由于Smalltalk而首先普及并且成為當(dāng)前比較流行的框架模式的。使用MVC的主要益處之一是它提供了接口間可以重用和交互的組件。Swing對(duì)于Java用戶(hù)來(lái)說(shuō)的確是一個(gè)好消息,但是Struts在網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)展方面卻

46、有所減少。雖然Struts提供了更多的重用機(jī)制,但是還有許多組件穿插在頁(yè)面中作為Swing的改良來(lái)使用。和Struts一樣,JSF的目標(biāo)是JAVA網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用, 但是它更接近Swing，它更集中在用戶(hù)接口單元(或組件)的重用上。MVC模式 我們開(kāi)始從傳統(tǒng)形式上描述MVC然后討論它如何能適應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用。MVC模式三個(gè)部分中任一個(gè)都是經(jīng)過(guò)檢驗(yàn)的,他們分別執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的公共模塊。這個(gè)模式的主要意圖是分成三個(gè)相互獨(dú)立的交互的模塊:模型,視圖和控

47、制器。模型的核心是一個(gè)邏輯函數(shù),視圖是用來(lái)顯示用戶(hù)應(yīng)用程序傳遞的數(shù)據(jù)，而控制器是控制用戶(hù)的交互和輸入的。 三者的通信是通過(guò)一個(gè)變換裝置保持協(xié)調(diào)同步的。SQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) SQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是在現(xiàn)今計(jì)算機(jī)環(huán)境中最廣泛使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)的一個(gè)類(lèi)型。數(shù)據(jù)被儲(chǔ)存在一個(gè)提供高度的功能性的非常結(jié)構(gòu)化格式中。相對(duì)于其他的較舊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)，SQL </p><p>　　簡(jiǎn)明扼要地說(shuō)，JSP是一種用來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)含有動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)容網(wǎng)頁(yè)的技術(shù)。純HTM

48、L頁(yè)面只包含靜態(tài)的內(nèi)容，它的內(nèi)容通常保持不變，而JSP頁(yè)面則不同，它可以根據(jù)任意數(shù)量的變量來(lái)改變自己的內(nèi)容，這些變量包括用戶(hù)的身份信息，用戶(hù)使用的瀏覽器類(lèi)型，用戶(hù)提供的信息，以及用戶(hù)所做的選擇等。</p><p>　　JSP頁(yè)面就和常規(guī)的網(wǎng)頁(yè)一樣，包含標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的標(biāo)記語(yǔ)言元素，例如HTML的標(biāo)簽。然而，JSP頁(yè)面還包含特殊的JSP元素，這些元素使得服務(wù)器可以把動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)容插入到網(wǎng)頁(yè)中。JSP元素的用途非常廣泛，例如從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

49、取得信息，或記錄用戶(hù)的個(gè)性信息。當(dāng)用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求一個(gè)JSP頁(yè)面時(shí)，服務(wù)器先執(zhí)行JSP元素，并把結(jié)果同網(wǎng)頁(yè)的靜態(tài)部分相結(jié)合，然后把動(dòng)態(tài)合成后的頁(yè)面送回到瀏覽器。</p><p><b>　　S2SH框架</b></p><p>　　典型的J2EE三層結(jié)構(gòu)，分為表現(xiàn)層、中間層（業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層）和數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)層。三層體系將業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則、數(shù)據(jù)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)及合法性校驗(yàn)等工作放在中間層處理?？蛻?hù)端不直接與

50、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)交互，而是通過(guò)組件與中間層建立連接，再由中間層與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)交互。表現(xiàn)層是傳統(tǒng)的JSP技術(shù)，自1999年問(wèn)世以來(lái)，經(jīng)過(guò)多年的發(fā)展，其廣泛的應(yīng)用和穩(wěn)定的表現(xiàn)，為其作為表現(xiàn)層技術(shù)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。中間層采用的是流行的Spring+Hibernate，為了將控制層與業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層分離，又細(xì)分為以下幾種。Web層，就是MVC模式里面的“C”（controller），負(fù)責(zé)控制業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層與表現(xiàn)層的交互，調(diào)用業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層，并將業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)返回給表現(xiàn)層作組織表現(xiàn)

51、，該系統(tǒng)的MVC框架采用Struts。 Service層（就是業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層），負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層以DAO層為基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)對(duì)DAO組件的正面模式包裝，完成系統(tǒng)所要求的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。DAO層，負(fù)責(zé)與持久化對(duì)象交互。該層封裝了數(shù)據(jù)的增、刪、查、改的操作。PO，持久化對(duì)象。通過(guò)實(shí)體關(guān)系映射工具將關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的數(shù)據(jù)映射成對(duì)象，很方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)以面向?qū)ο蠓绞讲僮鲾?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，該系統(tǒng)采用Hibernate作為ORM框架。 Sprin</p>&

52、lt;p>　　— 開(kāi)發(fā)效率：采用嚴(yán)格分層的J2EE架構(gòu)，可以避免當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單改變頁(yè)面的按鈕時(shí)會(huì)破壞系統(tǒng)。對(duì)表現(xiàn)層的修改即使發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤，也絕對(duì)不會(huì)將錯(cuò)誤擴(kuò)展到業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層，更不會(huì)影響持久層。因此，采用J2EE分層架構(gòu)，即使前期的開(kāi)發(fā)效率稍微低一點(diǎn)，但也是值得的。 二 需求的變更：客戶(hù)對(duì)軟件的需求，是隨著軟件開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程的深入，不斷明晰起來(lái)的。因此，常常遇到軟件開(kāi)發(fā)到一定程度時(shí)，由于客戶(hù)對(duì)軟件需求發(fā)生了變化，使得軟件的實(shí)現(xiàn)不得不隨之改變。

53、當(dāng)軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)需要改變時(shí)，是否可以盡可能多地保留軟件的部分，盡可能少地改變軟件的實(shí)現(xiàn)，從而滿(mǎn)足客戶(hù)需求的變更？答案是——采用優(yōu)秀的解耦架構(gòu)。這種架構(gòu)就是J2EE的分層架構(gòu)，在優(yōu)秀的分層架構(gòu)里，控制層依賴(lài)于業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層，但絕不與任何具體的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯組件耦合，只與接口耦合；同樣，業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層依賴(lài)于DAO層，也不會(huì)與任何具體的DAO組件耦合，而是面向接口編程。采用這種方式的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)，即使軟件的部分發(fā)生改變，其他部分也盡可能不要改變。 采用Hi