工程造價專業(yè)外文翻譯---公路工程變更原因分析及其對工程造價的影響

1、<p>　　Highway engineering change reason</p><p>　　analysis and cost of the project of influence</p><p>　　Abstract: in the implementation stage because of highway engineering design factors,

2、environmental factors, the influence of various engineering changes happened is more common, combining with engineering practice, this paper discusses the causes and engineering change of project cost.</p><p&g

3、t;　　Keywords: engineering change, Reason, Cost</p><p>　　Due to the highway project period, long, long line, so broad in construction of various causes by the engineering change is inevitable. Engineering cha

4、nge could lead to increase of construction cost or time limit of the owner and the contractor, between the claim will claim and the cost of the project.</p><p>　　Owner of change and the causes of the cost<

5、;/p><p>　　And when the owner change engineering bidding of construction conditions of commitment. "SanTongYiPing" referred to in the preceding paragraph, the engineering tight finish, delay purpose wi

6、ll increase the contractor's settlement fee, but little impact on total cost, the owner or project quantity change projects. Increase the project content or quantity, will increase the cost, Project content or cancel

7、 or reduce the number will reduce cost, but may affect the use function of engineering, becaus</p><p>　　The design of change and the causes of the cost</p><p>　　The design adopts the new standar

8、d, new technology, new technology, to replace the original design of the project, and put to use more favorable for owner reduce project cost, the depth of the design documents, cannot satisfy the relevant provisions of

9、the relevant design phase of engineering change and requirements, cost increase or decrease, and when designing units in the preliminary design to fully consider the network planning, and in local government and related

10、departments (e.g., environm</p><p>　　Tthe contractor to change and cause the influence. Cost</p><p>　　The contractor is unable to perform the contract or can't completely, the contractor sha

11、ll take remedial measures proposed change, this kind of change of engineering cost, can increase by contractor burden loss, the contractor has been approved changes when bidding of construction project, this kind of cha

12、nge of cost, but almost no effect for the contractor may save construction cost, and the contractor for construction is convenient, or to shorten the construction period, or to reduce the inve</p><p>　　the s

13、upervisor of change and the causes of the cost</p><p>　　Supervision by the owner, commissioned by the cause of the change of the owner or expenses directly influence the cost. 1 and supervision engineer in o

14、rder to coordinate the contractor's operation, or section of this project contractors to coordinate with relevant departments or units where the relations of production, easy cause engineering change caused by increa

15、sed cost. the site supervision engineers in actual situation in the contract and the technical specification for the design, accordin</p><p>　　The environment factors and impact on the cost of change</p&g

16、t;<p>　　Engineering geology unknown or insufficiency in design, engineering cost increased to. and highway engineering construction projects from the construction, project feasibility study, design and constructio

17、n drawing design to construction, due to various reasons, the project in the declaration and approval process, some problems existing in the construction stage, these problems caused by exposure to change, and engineerin

18、g cost increase. and national policies, laws and regulations and standard, </p><p>　　Highway engineering change of a variety of reasons, this means that the appraisal work for engineering changes are complex

19、 and difficult to decrease the cost, the change of the effects are also different. Through the analysis, is looking for engineering changes the various causes, and through the analysis of the cost control are not isolate

20、d, control cost, the key is to establish and perfect the scientific management system. Based on control cost, quality assurance and accelerate the progress, t</p><p>　　公路工程變更原因分析及其對工程造價的影響</p><p&g

21、t;　　摘要：公路工程在實施階段由于設(shè)計因素、環(huán)境因素等多方面的影響，發(fā)生工程變更是較常見的，文章結(jié)合工程實踐，探討工程變更的原因及其對工程造價的影響。 　　關(guān)鍵詞：工程變更；原因；造價影響 　　</p><p>　　由于公路工程項目路線長、工期長、涉及面廣，因此在施工中由各種原因引起的工程變更也不可避免。工程變更可能導致建設(shè)費用的增減或工期的延長，在業(yè)主和承包商之間會出現(xiàn)索賠和反索賠，使工程的造價發(fā)生變化。

22、</p><p>　　一、業(yè)主原因引起變更及其對造價的影響 　　 1、業(yè)主改變工程招標時承諾的施工條件。如“三通一平”條件，本工程緊前項目的延遲完成等，會增加承包方的結(jié)算費用，但對總造價影響很 ?。?、業(yè)主變更項目內(nèi)容或項目數(shù)量。增加項目內(nèi)容或者數(shù)量，會增加造價；減少或取消項目內(nèi)容或數(shù)量會降低造價，但可能影響工程的使用功能；3、因業(yè)主原 因同承包方簽訂的協(xié)議存在不完整之外，或在標段劃分時出現(xiàn)遺漏內(nèi)容，會增加合同

23、外造價；4、業(yè)主要求提前竣工交付，縮短原合同工期，導致施工單位投入更多 的人力和物力，使造價增加；5、業(yè)主要求提高原設(shè)計標準，從安全美觀等角度要求改變工程結(jié)構(gòu)的型式、標高、基線、位置、尺寸、強度等，使造價增加；6、業(yè) 主要求改變已在施工組織設(shè)計中被批準的施工方案，使造價增加；7、業(yè)主對原合同中約定同業(yè)主供應(yīng)的材料或設(shè)備的種類或數(shù)量進行增減，引起造價增加或減 少；8、業(yè)主的指定發(fā)包不合理，會使造價增加。 二、設(shè)計原因引起變更及其對造價的