計算機外文翻譯---jsp技術(shù)與主流java+ee開源框架（ssh）技術(shù)簡介

1、<p><b>　　中文3170字</b></p><p>　　本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯</p><p>　　JSP technology and mainstream open-source framework for JAVA EE</p><p>　　院（系、部）名 稱 ： 工商管理學(xué)院 </

2、p><p>　　專 業(yè) 名 稱：信息管理與信息系統(tǒng) </p><p>　　學(xué) 生 姓 名： </p><p>　　學(xué) 生 學(xué) 號： </p><p>　　指 導(dǎo) 教 師： <

3、/p><p>　　2012年 5月 18日</p><p>　　JSP technology and mainstream open-source framework for JAVAEE</p><p>　　JSP Profile </p><p>　　JSP (Java Server Pages) is initiated by Su

4、n Microsystems, Inc., with many companies to participate in the establishment of a dynamic web page technical standards. JSP technology somewhat similar to ASP technology, it is in the traditional HTML web page document

5、(*.htm, *. html) to insert the Java programming paragraph (Scriptlet) and JSP tag (tag), thus JSP documents (*.jsp). Using JSP development of the Web application is cross-platform that can run on Linux, is also available

6、 for other operati</p><p>　　JSP technology to use the Java programming language prepared by the category of XML tags and scriptlets, to produce dynamic pages package processing logic. Page also visit by tags

7、 and scriptlets exist in the services side of the resources of logic. JSP page logic and web page design and display separation, support reusable component-based design, Web-based application development is rapid and eas

8、y.</p><p>　　Web server in the face of visits JSP page request, the first implementation of the procedures of, and then together with the results of the implementation of JSP documents in HTML code with the r

9、eturn to the customer. Insert the Java programming operation of the database can be re-oriented websites, in order to achieve the establishment of dynamic pages needed to function.JSP and Java Servlet, is in the implemen

10、tation of the server, usually returned to the client is an HTML text, as long as the </p><p>　　JSP 1.0 specification of the final version is launched in September 1999, December has introduced 1.1 specificat

11、ions. At present relatively new is JSP1.2 norms, JSP2.0 norms of the draft has also been introduced. </p><p>　　JSP pages from HTML code and Java code embedded in one of the components. The server was in the

12、pages of client requests after the Java code and then will generate the HTML pages to return to the client browser. Java Servlet JSP is the technical foundation and large-scale Web application development needs of Java S

13、ervlet and JSP support to complete. JSP with the Java technology easy to use, fully object-oriented, and a platform-independent and secure mainly for all the characteristics of the Int</p><p>　　2. J2EE Devel

14、opment Framework</p><p>　　Java2 Enterprise Edition middleware unified ideology played a significant role. For example, J2EE for distributed transaction management, directory services and messaging services p

15、rovide a standard programming interface. J2EE-based -Java2Standard Edition (J2SE), successfully access for Java provides a standard relational database.</p><p>　　But, as this article "J2EE programming o

16、f the lack of support", as mentioned, J2EEplatform does not provide a satisfactory application programming model. Sun and some of the major application server vendors wanted to use the development tools to reduce th

17、e complexity of J2EE development, but these tools are no other outstanding JAVA development tools, which have advanced refactoring tools, and. NET platform compared, J2EE tool support appeared to be very inferior.</p&

18、gt;<p>　　Many J2EE development tools automatically generate the code for the same complex as the tools themselves. In many small-scale J2EE open source community developers chose another way of development - some

19、can be difficult to reduce the development of J2EE development framework, the more popular such as: Struts, Hibernate, and Spring Framework, J2EE project types in many of today they play an important the role.</p>

20、<p>　　2.1 Spring Framework</p><p>　　The Spring Framework is an open source application framework for the Java platform.</p><p>　　The first version was written by Rod Johnson who released t

21、he framework with the publication of his book Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development in October 2002. The framework was first released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003. The first milestone release, 1.0, w

22、as released in March 2004, with further milestone releases in September 2004 and March 2005. The Spring 1.2.6 framework won a Jolt productivity award and a JAX Innovation Award in 2006. Spring 2.0 was released in October

23、 </p><p>　　The core features of the Spring Framework can be used by any Java application, but there are extensions for building web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Although the Spring Framework

24、does not impose any specific programming model, it has become popular in the Java community as an alternative to, replacement for, or even addition to the Enterprise JavaBean (EJB) model.</p><p>　　Modules Th

25、e Spring Framework comprises several modules that provide a range of services:</p><p>　　Inversion of Control container: configuration of application components and lifecycle management of Java objects</p&

26、gt;<p>　　Aspect-oriented programming: enables implementation of cross-cutting routines</p><p>　　Data access: working with relational database management systems on the Java platform using JDBC and obj

27、ect-relational mapping tools</p><p>　　Transaction management: unifies several transaction management APIs and coordinates transactions for Java objects</p><p>　　Model-view-controller: an HTTP an

28、d Servlet-based framework providing hooks for extension and customization</p><p>　　Remote Access framework: configurative RPC-style export and import of Java objects over networks supporting RMI, CORBA and H

29、TTP-based protocols including web services (SOAP)</p><p>　　Convention-over-configuration: a rapid application development solution for Spring-based enterprise applications is offered in the Spring model.<

30、/p><p>　　Batch processing: a framework for high-volume processing featuring reusable functions including logging/tracing, transaction management, job processing statistics, job restart, skip, and resource manag

31、ement</p><p>　　Authentication and authorization: configurable security processes that support a range of standards, protocols, tools and practices via the Spring Security sub-project (formerly Acegi Security

32、 System for Spring).</p><p>　　Remote Management: configurative exposure and management of Java objects for local or remote configuration via JMX</p><p>　　Messaging: configurative registration of

33、 message listener objects for transparent message consumption from message queues via JMS, improvement of message sending over standard JMS APIs</p><p>　　Testing: support classes for writing unit tests and i

34、ntegration tests</p><p>　　Inversion of Control container Central to the Spring Framework is its Inversion of Control container, which provides a consistent means of configuring and managing Java objects usin

35、g callbacks. The container is responsible for managing object lifecycles: creating objects, calling initialization methods, and configuring objects by wiring them together.</p><p>　　Objects created by the co

36、ntainer are also called Managed Objects or Beans. Typically, the container is configured by loading XML files containing Bean definitions which provide the information required to create the beans.</p><p>　　

37、Objects can be obtained by means of Dependency lookup or Dependency injection. Dependency lookup is a pattern where a caller asks the container object for an object with a specific name or of a specific type. Dependency

38、injection is a pattern where the container passes objects by name to other objects, via either constructors, properties, or factory methods.</p><p>　　In many cases it's not necessary to use the container

39、 when using other parts of the Spring Framework, although using it will likely make an application easier to configure and customize. The Spring container provides a consistent mechanism to configure applications and int

40、egrates with almost all Java environments, from small-scale applications to large enterprise applications.</p><p>　　The container can be turned into a partially-compliant EJB3 container by means of the Pitch

41、fork project. The Spring Framework is criticized by some as not being standards compliant. However, Spring Source doesn't see EJB3 compliance as a major goal, and claims that the Spring Framework and the container al

42、low for more powerful programming models.</p><p>　　Aspect-oriented programming framework The Spring Framework has its own AOP framework which modularizes cross-cutting concerns in aspects. The motivation for

43、 creating a separate AOP framework comes from the belief that it would be possible to provide basic AOP features without too much complexity in either design, implementation, or configuration. The SAOP framework also tak

44、es full advantage of the Spring Container.</p><p>　　The Spring AOP framework is interception based, and is configured at runtime. This removes the need for a compilation step or load-time weaving. On the oth

45、er hand, interception only allows for public or protected method execution on existing objects at a join point.</p><p>　　Compared to the AspectJ framework, Spring AOP is less powerful but also less complicat

46、ed. Spring 1.2 includes support to configure AspectJ aspects in the container. Spring 2.0 added more integration with AspectJ; for example, the pointcut language is reused and can be mixed with SpAOP-based aspects. Furth

47、er, Spring 2.0 added a Spring Aspects library which uses AspectJ to offer common Spring features such as declarative transaction management and dependency injection via AspectJ compile-time or l</p><p>　　Spr

48、ing AOP has been designed to make it able to work with cross-cutting concerns inside the Spring Framework. Any object which is created and configured by the container can be enriched using Spring AOP.</p><p>

49、;　　The Spring Framework uses Spring AOP internally for transaction management, security, remote access, and JMX.</p><p>　　Since version 2.0 of the framework, Spring provides two approaches to the AOP configu

50、ration:schema-based approach.@AspectJ-based annotation style.</p><p>　　The Spring team decided not to introduce new AOP-related terminology; therefore, in the Spring reference documentation and API, terms su

51、ch as aspect, join point, advice, pointcut, introduction, target object (advised object), AOP proxy, and weaving all have the same meanings as in most other AOP frameworks (particularly AspectJ).</p><p>　　Da

52、ta access framework Spring's data access framework addresses common difficulties developers face when working with databases in applications. Support is provided for all popular data access frameworks in Java: JDBC,

53、iBatis, Hibernate, JDO, JPA, Oracle Top Link, Apache OJB, and Apache Cayenne, among others.</p><p>　　For all of these supported frameworks, Spring provides these features:</p><p>　　Resource mana

54、gement - automatically acquiring and releasing database resources</p><p>　　Exception handling - translating data access related exception to a Spring data access hierarchy</p><p>　　Transaction p

55、articipation - transparent participation in ongoing transactions</p><p>　　Resource unwrapping - retrieving database objects from connection pool wrappers</p><p>　　Abstraction for BLOB and CLOB h

56、andling</p><p>　　All these features become available when using Template classes provided by Spring for each supported framework. Critics say these Template classes are intrusive and offer no advantage over

57、using (for example) the Hibernate API.. directly. In response, the Spring developers have made it possible to use the Hibernate and JPA APIs directly. This however requires transparent transaction management, as applicat

58、ion code no longer assumes the responsibility to obtain and close database resources, and </p><p>　　Together with Spring's transaction management, its data access framework offers a flexible abstraction

59、for working with data access frameworks. The Spring Framework doesn't offer a common data access API; instead, the full power of the supported APIs is kept intact. The Spring Framework is the only framework available

60、 in Java which offers managed data access environments outside of an application server or container. While using Spring for transaction management with Hibernate, the following bea</p><p>　　Transaction mana

61、gement framework Spring's transaction management framework brings an abstraction mechanism to the Java platform. Its abstraction is capable of working with local and global transactions (local transaction does not re

62、quire an application server).working with nested transactions working with transaction safe points working in almost all environments of the Java platform</p><p>　　In comparison, JTA only supports nested tra

63、nsactions and global transactions, and requires an application server (and in some cases also deployment of applications in an application server).</p><p>　　The Spring Framework ships a Platform Transaction

64、Manager for a number of transaction management strategies:</p><p>　　Transactions managed on a JDBC Connection</p><p>　　Transactions managed on Object-relational mapping Units of Work</p>

65、<p>　　Transactions managed via the JTA Transaction Manager and User Transaction</p><p>　　Transactions managed on other resources, like object databases</p><p>　　Next to this abstraction mec

66、hanism the framework also provides two ways of adding transaction management to applications:</p><p>　　Programmatically, by using Spring's Transaction Template</p><p>　　Configuratively, by u

67、sing metadata like XML or Java 5 annotations</p><p>　　Together with Spring's data access framework — which integrates the transaction management framework — it is possible to set up a transactional syste

68、m through configuration without having to rely on JTA or EJB. The transactional framework also integrates with messaging and caching engines.</p><p>　　The BoneCP Spring/Hibernate page contains a full example

69、 project of Spring used in conjunction with Hibernate.</p><p>　　Model-view-controller framework The Spring Framework features its own MVC framework, which wasn't originally planned. The Spring developers

70、 decided to write their own web framework as a reaction to what they perceived as the poor design of the popular Jakarta Struts web framework, as well as deficiencies in other available frameworks. In particular, they fe

71、lt there was insufficient separation between the presentation and request handling layers, and between the request handling layer and the mod</p><p>　　Like Struts, Spring MVC is a request-based framework. Th

72、e framework defines strategy interfaces for all of the responsibilities which must be handled by a modern request-based framework. The goal of each interface is to be simple and clear so that it's easy for Spring MVC

73、 users to write their own implementations if they so choose. MVC paves the way for cleaner front end code. All interfaces are tightly coupled to the Servlet API. This tight coupling to the Servlet API is seen by some as

74、a failur</p><p>　　The Dispatcher Servlet class is the front controller of the framework and is responsible for delegating control to the various interfaces during the execution phases of a HTTP request.</

75、p><p>　　The most important interfaces defined by Spring MVC, and their responsibilities, are listed below:</p><p>　　Handler Mapping: selecting objects which handle incoming requests (handlers) base

76、d on any attribute or condition internal or external to those requests</p><p>　　Handler Adapter: execution of objects which handle incoming requests</p><p>　　Controller: comes between Model and

77、View to manage incoming requests and redirect to proper response. It essentially is like a gate that directs the incoming information. It switches between going into model or view.</p><p>　　View: responsible

78、 for returning a response to the client. It is possible to go straight to view without going to the model part. It is also possible to go through all three.</p><p>　　View Resolver: selecting a View based on

79、a logical name for the view (use is not strictly required)</p><p>　　Handler Interceptor: interception of incoming requests comparable but not equal to Servlet filters (use is optional and not controlled by D

80、ispatcher Servlet).</p><p>　　Locale Resolver: resolving and optionally saving of the locale of an individual user</p><p>　　Multipart Resolver: facilitate working with file uploads by wrapping in

81、coming requests</p><p>　　Each strategy interface above has an important responsibility in the overall framework. The abstractions offered by these interfaces are powerful, so to allow for a set of variations

82、 in their implementations, Spring MVC ships with implementations of all these interfaces and together offers a feature set on top of the Servlet API. However, developers and vendors are free to write other implementation

83、s. Spring MVC uses the Java java.util.Map interface as a data-oriented abstraction for the Model w</p><p>　　The ease of testing the implementations of these interfaces seems one important advantage of the hi

84、gh level of abstraction offered by Spring MVC. Dispatcher Servlet is tightly coupled to the Spring Inversion of Control container for configuring the web layers of applications. However, applications can use other parts

85、of the Spring Framework—including the container—and choose not to use Spring MVC.</p><p>　　Because Spring MVC uses the Spring container for configuration and assembly, web-based applications can take full ad

86、vantage of the Inversion of Control features offered by the container. This framework allows for multi layering. It allows for the code to be broken apart and used more effectively in segments, while allowing the mvc to

87、do the work. It allows for back and forth transmission of data. Some designs are more linear without allowing a forward and backward flow of information. MVC is des</p><p>　　Remote access framework Spring

88、9;s Remote Access framework is an abstraction for working with various RPC-based technologies available on the Java platform both for client connectivity and exporting objects on servers. The most important feature offer

89、ed by this framework is to ease configuration and usage of these technologies as much as possible by combining Inversion of Control and AOP.</p><p>　　The framework also provides fault-recovery (automatic rec

90、onnection after connection failure) and some optimizations for client-side use of EJB remote stateless session beans.</p><p>　　Convention-Over-Configuration Rapid Application Development Spring Roo is Spring

91、's Convention-over-configuration solution for rapidly building applications in Java. It currently supports Spring Framework, Spring Security and Spring Web Flow, with remaining Spring projects scheduled to be added i

92、n due course. Roo differs from other rapid application development frameworks by focusing on:</p><p>　　The following diagram represents the Spring Framework Architecture</p><p>　　2.2 Struts Intr

93、oduction</p><p>　　Apache Struts From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search </p><p>　　"Struts" redirects here. For the structural component, see strut. For other

94、meanings, see strut (disambiguation).</p><p>　　This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations.</p><p>　　Please help to im

95、prove this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. </p><p>　　Apache Struts is an open-source web application framework for developing Java EE web applications. It uses and extends th

96、e Java Servlet API to encourage developers to adopt a model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. It was originally created by Craig McClanahan and donated to the Apache Foundation in May, 2000. Formerly located under the

97、Apache Jakarta Project and known as Jakarta Struts, it became a top level Apache project in 2005.</p><p>　　Design goals and over view in a standard Java EE web application, the client will typically submit i

98、nformation to the server via a web form. The information is then either handed over to a Java Servlet that processes it, interacts with a database and produces an HTML-formatted response, or it is given to a Java Server