2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、<p><b>  省略句用法詳解</b></p><p> ?、?、狀語從句中的省略用法 </p><p>  一、如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致,且從句的謂語含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式(am/is/are/was/were),可同時(shí)省略從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞的某種形式。 </p><p>  1、when, while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句

2、</p><p>  e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street. </p><p>  When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her. </p><p>  2、if, unless, once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 </p><p&g

3、t;  e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. </p><p>  I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited. </p><p>  Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarke

4、t, you will be punished. </p><p>  3、though, although, whether, no matter whether/what/how/who等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句 </p><p>  e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor. </p><p>  Whethe

5、r (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful. </p><p>  No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time. </p><p> ?。ㄗⅲ簭木涞闹髡Z和主句的主語不一致時(shí),只省略從句中的be動(dòng)詞形式) </p><p>

6、  4、as if, as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句 </p><p>  e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep. </p><p>  He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.(as if/thou

7、gh + to do表示一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作) </p><p>  二、than, as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中的省略用法: </p><p>  當(dāng)不同的主語進(jìn)行比較時(shí),一般省略從句中的謂語;當(dāng)從句中的主語與謂語(be動(dòng)詞除外)和主句中的主語與謂語相同時(shí),通常省略從句中的主語和謂語,只保留比較部分。 </p><p>  e.g. He is taller than hi

8、s brother (is). </p><p>  I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him. </p><p>  三、以if從句為代表的狀語從句中的特殊省略用法:通常省略了it is, that is, there is/are。 </p><p>  e.g. If (

9、it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. </p><p>  If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm. </p><p>  There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are)

10、 any. </p><p> ?、颉⒍ㄕZ從句中的省略用法 </p><p>  關(guān)系詞的省略 關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom等在限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語且不位于介詞之后時(shí),可以省略;in which或that在先行詞way后作方式狀語從句時(shí)可省略。 </p><p>  e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited

11、last night is my grandpa. </p><p>  I don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl. </p><p>  Ⅲ、虛擬語氣中if及should的省略 </p><p>  1、當(dāng)條件狀語從句中有were, had, should等時(shí)省略if,把它們提至句首,形成倒裝句

12、。 </p><p>  e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. </p><p>  = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. </p><p>  2、Suggest, insist, order, requi

13、re等表示建議、要求、命令的動(dòng)詞后接的名詞性從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。 </p><p>  e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. </p><p>  Ⅳ、不定式符號(hào)to的省略 </p><p>  1、感官動(dòng)詞see, hear,

14、feel, watch等和使役動(dòng)詞have, make, let等后接不定式作賓語時(shí),不定式省略to。 </p><p>  2、do nothing but, can’t help but等結(jié)構(gòu)常接省略to的不定式。 </p><p>  e.g. We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. </p&g

15、t;<p>  Hearing the news, she couldn’t help but cry. </p><p>  3、在特定語境中為了避免重復(fù),當(dāng)不定式再次出現(xiàn)時(shí),在want, wish, hope, try, plan, like, love, hate后往往只保留to,而省略后面的動(dòng)詞。但不定式后有be, have時(shí),也保留be和have。 </p><p>

16、;  e.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didn’t want to. </p><p> ?、?、So和not的替代性省略 </p><p>  用于避免重復(fù)前面所說過的內(nèi)容,替代詞so/not替代肯定或否定的名詞性從句??膳cbelieve, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, s

17、peak, suppose, think, I’m afraid等連用。 </p><p>  e.g. Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? </p><p>  I suppose not. </p><p>  Ⅵ、日常交際中的省略 </p><p>  在情景會(huì)話中,答語常

18、常省略不會(huì)引起歧義的主語、謂語或賓語部分,而只保留對(duì)方希望了解的內(nèi)容。在復(fù)合句或并列句中,也有省略主、謂、賓的情況。 </p><p>  e.g. -- How many copies do you want? -- (I want) Three copies, please. </p><p>  -- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? --

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