結(jié)束於邀標(biāo)書(shū)(requestforproposal,rfp)

1、確認(rèn)需要,第 2 章,2010©滄海書(shū)局,2,本章內(nèi)容,2-1 確認(rèn)需要2-2 選擇專案2-3 準(zhǔn)備邀標(biāo)書(shū)2-4 募集計(jì)劃書(shū),2.1 確認(rèn)需要,確認(rèn)需要是要在專案生命週期一開(kāi)始時(shí)就要做。其始於了解需求、問(wèn)題或機(jī)會(huì)，結(jié)束於邀標(biāo)書(shū) (request for proposal, RFP) 的完成。,2010©滄海書(shū)局,3,2.2 選擇專案,選擇專案 (project selection)，包含評(píng)估不同的需要或機(jī)會(huì)，以

2、決定那一項(xiàng)專案要優(yōu)先執(zhí)行。其可能獲致的利益及後果、優(yōu)點(diǎn)及缺點(diǎn)、增加或減少的每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)都要考慮及評(píng)估。,2010©滄海書(shū)局,4,選擇專案,專案的選擇有下列步驟：發(fā)展一套準(zhǔn)則(接受專案與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))以評(píng)估機(jī)會(huì)(p.34)列出假設(shè)(完成專案的前提，例如，資金，法令許可，股東同意，有相關(guān)技術(shù)。)對(duì)每個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)都收集資訊，以評(píng)估專案可行性。以準(zhǔn)則來(lái)評(píng)估每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),2010©滄海書(shū)局,5,2.3 準(zhǔn)備邀標(biāo)書(shū),當(dāng)公司的專案須委外

3、時(shí)，就必須招(邀)標(biāo)。一般會(huì)刊報(bào)、在網(wǎng)頁(yè)公告、、、正式邀標(biāo)書(shū)的指引(guideline)邀標(biāo)書(shū)應(yīng)提供工作說(shuō)明工作說(shuō)明 (statement of work, SOW) 中會(huì)論及專案範(fàn)圍、任務(wù)概要、顧客想要廠商做的工作內(nèi)容或?qū)０笀F(tuán)隊(duì)要執(zhí)行的項(xiàng)目。邀標(biāo)書(shū)必須包含有顧客的需求，即定義規(guī)格及屬性顧客需求 (customer requirements) 會(huì)涵蓋有規(guī)格大小、數(shù)量、顏色、重量、速度及有關(guān)顧客建議解決方案操作上的變數(shù)。邀標(biāo)

4、書(shū)應(yīng)該要寫(xiě)清楚所交付給顧客的狀況廠商所交付 (deliverables) 的項(xiàng)目要在邀標(biāo)書(shū)中載明。邀標(biāo)書(shū)中要分項(xiàng)列明任何顧客支援(配合)的項(xiàng)目邀標(biāo)書(shū)要載明執(zhí)行前須獲得顧客的同意有些邀標(biāo)書(shū)中會(huì)提及顧客打算要使用的合約樣式邀標(biāo)書(shū)中要載明顧客想要的付款方式,2010©滄海書(shū)局,6,準(zhǔn)備邀標(biāo)書(shū),邀標(biāo)書(shū)中須載明專案完成時(shí)程邀標(biāo)書(shū)中應(yīng)該要有格式化的廠商計(jì)畫(huà)書(shū)邀標(biāo)書(shū)中要說(shuō)明廠商提交計(jì)畫(huà)書(shū)的期限邀標(biāo)書(shū)中應(yīng)包括有評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)估標(biāo)

5、準(zhǔn) (evaluation criteria) 應(yīng)包括下列項(xiàng)目：廠商執(zhí)行類似專案的實(shí)績(jī)經(jīng)驗(yàn) (experience with similar projects)廠商所提供的技術(shù)方法 (technical approach)時(shí)程 (schedule)成本 (cost)為數(shù)極少的個(gè)案中，邀標(biāo)書(shū)會(huì)說(shuō)明顧客僅以有限經(jīng)費(fèi)來(lái)進(jìn)行專案,2010©滄海書(shū)局,7,2.4 募集計(jì)畫(huà)書(shū),「並不是所有的專案生命週期都要寫(xiě)下邀標(biāo)書(shū)及募集計(jì)畫(huà)書(shū)

6、(招標(biāo))」。,2010©滄海書(shū)局,8,.,Case study 21How should Jennifer go about making her decision?She has identified an opportunity. She has $2,000,000 of unexpected profits that she would like reinvest in the company. In th

7、is case, she is soliciting proposals from her internal managers. She should state comprehensively, and in detail, what she expects in the proposals including several of those items discussed in this chapter (due date fo

8、r proposals, format required, evaluation criteria to be used, etc.). In this case, the RFP may or may not be in written form. She should then evaluate each proposal submitted based on the stated criteria.2.What kind

9、of additional data or information should she collect?Among other things, information on cost and benefits should be collected. Costs should include one-time and on-going expenses. Additional data such as specific tas

10、ks and timeframes is also needed. 3.What exactly should Jennifer require the others to submit in the way of proposals?Each proposal should include the cost and anticipated benefits of the project. At a minimum, it

11、 should also include the tasks to be performed, the resources used, and a schedule.4.What do you think Jennifer should do with the $2,000,000? In explaining your answer, address the concerns and positions of Julie, Tyl

12、er, Jeff, and Joe.At this point it is too early to tell. Jennifer must evaluate each of the proposals based on the established criteria and then select the proposal or proposals that provide the greatest benefit to the