noslidetitle-departmentofee-cityuniversityof

1、Prepared By : Alex ChoiDate : Oct 30, 2009,Current quality assurance practices in Hong Kong,About the speaker,,,,Alex ChoiMSc in Manufacturing Systems Engineering from University of Warwick University UK Work for t

2、he electronics manufacturing industry in Hong Kong and China over 20 years in various areas including industrial engineering, QA, manufacturing, sales and marketing, and management position.Currently holds the General

3、Manager position of VTech Communications Limited. Prior to joining the Company, Alex Choi worked in various electronic manufacturing services companies in Hong Kong and have extensive China factory management experience

4、.email : alex_choi@vtech.comcompany website : www.vtechcms.com,China as the World Factory ?,,,,Product manufactured in China Typical product types Brands, Players High end Industrial, Medical, Automotive,

5、 GE, Siemens, e.g. X-Ray machine, CT scanner, General Motors,Car Toyota, Nissan, Benz Medium PC, HDD Dell, Seagate Low EndTelecommunications system HuaWei, 3Com, Cell p

6、hone system, phone set, e.g. ZTE, PuTian,toys, consumer products, simple McDonald, Mattel, mechanical assemblies Hasbro,,Product Complexity,,,1980-2007 China Export-Import Value Trend,Source: National Burea

7、u of Statistics of China,Web site: http://www.stats.gov.cn,USD100M,,Traditionally, western people believe China products are cheap, copies, and low tech…To some extent, it is not totally wrong !China manufacturers (i

8、ncluding investors from HK and Taiwan…) are able to manufacture at very low cost, with average to good quality products. Product selling cost & margin down trend has drawn the attention to good product quality an

9、d higher manufacturing yield -> QUALITY of product itself and manufacturing processes,Problems associated with these massive product manufactured,,… quality is everything, quality is king…?! Not only that !Be pract

10、ical, the product liability never ends....More and more massive product recall, heavy fine......Mentality changed over the past decades.Before was : Buy and sell relationship,Inspected, accepted, then shippedP

11、roduct corresponding liability ends !Not any more......Some examples :,Why quality is important ?,,Union Carbide Case History Thursday, 02 February 2006 In November of 1999, several victims of the 1984 Union

12、Carbide gas plant disaster at Bhopal, India, filed suit against Union Carbide and its former CEO, Warren Anderson, in federal court in New York. The leak of poisonous gas from the Bhopal pesticide plant killed over 5,000

13、 people immediately, and injured many thousands more. Union Carbide's actions violated international human rights law, environmental law, and international criminal law, and the plaintiffs sought to hold the corporat

14、ion accountable for these violations. In addition to the 1984 disaster, the plaintiffs sought compensation for ongoing pollution and contamination at the Bhopal plant. The history of the attempts to hold Union Carbide le

15、gally accountable for this disaster is long and complex. Lawsuits were filed in the U.S. as early as 1985, but they were dismissed in favor of litigating the case in Indian courts. The Indian Supreme Court finally ordere

16、d a settlement of the claims against Union Carbide in 1989 for a mere $470 million, less than $10,000 for each immediate death, let alone the later suffering and deaths of the survivors. The Indian Supreme Court also all

17、owed criminal cases against Union Carbide and Warren Anderson to continue, but neither ever appeared after arrest warrants were issued. The Bano case suffered a setback in August 2000 when the trial court dismissed the l

18、awsuit. The plaintiffs won a mixed victory in November 2001, however, when the Second Circuit Court of Appeals reinstated parts of the case. The appeals court allowed all of the claims of pollution and contamination not

19、directly related to the 1984 gas plant disaster to proceed. It sent those claims back to the trial court. The court dismissed the claims relating to the 1984 disaster, however, because it found that the 1989 settlement p

20、recluded any other legal claims, despite the fact that Union Carbide and Anderson had failed to show up to answer the criminal charges against them. The court never ruled on whether Union Carbide's actions did, in fa

21、ct, violate international law norms.On March 18, 2003, the trial court dismissed the Bhopal residents' claims that Union Carbide caused massive water pollution of the local water supply. In dismissing the case, the C

22、ourt did not address the question of whether Carbide caused the pollution. Instead, the Court dismissed because, in its view, the named plaintiff was injured too long ago to present a claim, the organizations that filed

23、suit were not proper representatives of the victims, and an order that Union Carbide clean up the plant would be difficult to enforce. On March 17, 2004, the Second Circuit reversed that decision in part. It held that wh

24、ile the named plaintiff’s personal injury claims were time-barred, her property damage claims were not. In addition, the Court held that Union Carbide could be ordered to clean up individual victims’ property, and could

25、also be ordered to clean up the plant site itself, if the government, which owns the land on which the plant sits, were to intervene and request such a clean-up. Source : http://www.earthrights.org/site_blurbs/bano_v._

26、union_carbide_case_history.html,Union Carbide India Limited leakage killed 8,000+ in 1984,,This case also named as the world’s worst industrial disasterCompany : Union Carbide Indian Limited (UCIL) Location : India Bho

27、palDate : December 3, 1984Case : 42 tonnes of methyl isocyanate gas leakage (pesticide)Killed : 3,000 immediate death, total over 8,000 within two weeks, and many injuryCauses : Poor process control and maintenance,

28、causing over pressure in the storage tanks, and finally led to leakage at relief valvesOut-of-court settlement in 1989 : US$470, equals < US$10,000 per deathNote : Union Carbide (parent company) sold UCIL share in 1

29、994 to Eveready. Dow Chemical merged with Union Carbide in 2001. Union Carbide name disappear.Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_Disaster#Background_and_causes.2C_summary,Union Carbide India Limited leakag

30、e killed 8,000+ in 1984,China recall toy factory boss hangs himself,,,,,China recall toy factory boss hangs himself,,,,Milk contaminated with melamine,10,666 children still sick from milk in ChinaOctober 10, 2008BEIJ

31、ING More than 10,000 children remain hospitalized in China's tainted milk scandal, Chinese health officials revealed, while the country defended its dairy products yesterday at a meeting of the World Trade Organizati

32、on. The Health Ministry said in a statement on its Web site Wednesday that 10,666 children were still in hospitals after drinking milk contaminated with melamine, an industrial chemical that can cause kidney stones and l

33、ead to life-threatening kidney failure. No new deaths have been recorded, it said. The scandal has so far been blamed for the deaths of four babies and the sickening of about 54,000 other children in China. China's f

34、ood exports have increasingly suffered, with more than 30 countries restricting Chinese dairy imports and in some cases all Chinese food products.Source : http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/nation/bal-te.briefs103oct10

35、,0,7533258.story?track=rss,,,,Milk contaminated with melamine,,三鹿Sanlu Group集團(tuán)原董事長田文華一審被判無期徒刑,Tian Wenhua, former chairwoman and general manager of Sanlu Group, filed an appeal on February 1, the appeal deadline. She ple

36、d not guilty in the Intermediate Court. Tian was sentenced to life in prison for “producing and selling fake or substandard products” in late January. Three top Sanlu officials, Wang Yuliang, Hang Zhiqi and Wu Jus

37、heng, also filed an appeal to the Higher People’s Court of Hebei Province that same day. The Intermediate People’s Court also ruled that Sanlu Group is guilty of “producing and selling fake or substandard products

38、”, but Sanlu Group did not appeal the decision, thereby accepting the verdict. The Sanlu tainted milk scandal was exposed to the public in early September 2008. Tian was detained by the Shijiazhuang Public Securit

39、y Bureau, accused of “producing and selling fake or substandard products” and was officially arrested on September 26, 2008. The court found that Tian knew that the Sanlu milk formula contained the industrial chem

40、ical melamine and understood its harmful effects on the human body, but did not stop producing or selling the tainted Sanlu milk formula. The court also ruled that she was guilty of ordering the subsidiaries of Sanlu Gro

41、up to produce liquid milk out of the tainted formula. The court ruling found that “Tian cited the alleged ‘European Union Standard’ and allowed Sanlu milk formula containing melamine less than 10 milligrams per ki

42、logram to enter the market.”  However, Tian asserts in her appeal petition that it was Guo Xueyan, a director from Sanlu’s New Zealand investor, Fonterra, who provided the standard and suggested Sanlu to use it.F

43、ull article in Chinese: http://www.caijing.com.cn/2009-02-02/110052079.html,,中國食品產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng) (2009-2-3 9:42:06) 　　盡管廣東當(dāng)局過去幾年不斷嚴(yán)厲抽檢打假，今年春節(jié)前又掀起抽檢打假風(fēng)，但假酒泛濫的清況在廣東卻一直沒有改善。一名知情人士向本報(bào)透露，雖然沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，但他可以肯定，廣東的很多夜店和娛樂場所仍在賣假酒，尤其是假洋酒，因?yàn)椤疤?/p>

44、好賺了”?！　”M管廣東當(dāng)局過去幾年不斷嚴(yán)厲抽檢打假，今年春節(jié)前又掀起抽檢打假風(fēng)，但假酒泛濫的清況在廣東卻一直沒有改善。一名知情人士向本報(bào)透露，雖然沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，但他可以肯定，廣東的很多夜店和娛樂場所仍在賣假酒，尤其是假洋酒，因?yàn)椤疤觅嵙恕薄！　∵@名知情人士從事食品調(diào)味業(yè)，他告訴記者，無論什么品牌的酒味都能假冒，一般消費(fèi)者是無法辨認(rèn)出來的。他透露，時(shí)常會(huì)有人找上他，要他調(diào)配各種酒味，但由于這種生意是違法的，他肯定會(huì)回絕。不過，周

45、圍的很多同行卻愿意鋌而走險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槔麧櫟拇_很有吸引力?！　≈槿耸空f：“在廣東各大城市，尤其是珠三角城市，夜店的競爭非常激烈，大家都在搞促銷，一瓶洋酒的價(jià)格可以低至300多元（人民幣，下同，約60新元）。若他們用的是真洋酒，哪里有錢掙？”他告訴記者，即使是假酒，也可分為幾個(gè)層次，素質(zhì)較好的，喝下去對身體基本上無害；素質(zhì)較差的，喝了之后可能造成頭疼、嘔吐等現(xiàn)象，長時(shí)間累積，對身體必定有害。,Guangdong counterfeit

46、 wine,,“在廣東的夜店，最安全的就是喝啤酒，因?yàn)橹袊钠【铺阋肆?，沒有人會(huì)去假冒。”他幽默地告訴記者?！　〈汗?jié)期間，廣東人的酒類消費(fèi)邁入一年當(dāng)中的旺季，假酒的制造也進(jìn)入高峰期?！　V東中山市警方最近就打破一個(gè)制造、儲(chǔ)存、銷售“一條龍”的假冒洋酒組織，在四個(gè)窩點(diǎn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)假冒的“軒尼詩”、“芝華士”、“人頭馬”、“五糧液”等國內(nèi)外品牌名酒近百箱，數(shù)量近千瓶，涉及金額70多萬元。　　查案人員在現(xiàn)場存放的賬本中發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個(gè)組織的

47、許多假酒都賣給一些酒店和KTV、酒吧等娛樂場所?！　〖倬茊栴}在廣東，乃至整個(gè)中國，已存在多年。盡管各地警方全力打假，但在高利潤的誘惑下，假酒業(yè)可說是“野火燒不盡，春風(fēng)吹又生”。此外，各種酒類品牌的持有者，往往也不愿高調(diào)處理假酒案件，他們?nèi)舭l(fā)現(xiàn)有人假冒自己的品牌，一般會(huì)傾向以警告方式低調(diào)處理，若假冒的清況不嚴(yán)重，他們甚至可以睜一眼閉一眼。主要因?yàn)槭?，他們?dān)心自己品牌的假酒新聞若時(shí)常出現(xiàn)，將影響品牌的形象和銷售額。 據(jù)了

48、解，假冒分子用的酒瓶一般是保存完好的真品酒瓶，這些都是他們從市場上收購回來的。因此，中國某些城市的警方近期特別呼吁市民，在喝完洋酒之后，應(yīng)該有意識(shí)地拿走酒瓶或者撕毀酒瓶上的標(biāo)簽、防偽標(biāo)志等“正牌標(biāo)識(shí)”，這樣將有助于杜絕假冒洋酒的出現(xiàn)，因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)酒瓶和標(biāo)簽的成本很高，假冒分子得不償失。,,Source : http://www.foodqs.com,,,2009-01-06 10:11:07　來源: 中國經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)(北京) 核心提示：1月

49、4日，河南查獲一制假茅臺(tái)酒的作坊，工商人員在作坊內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)酒味用的劇毒農(nóng)藥敵敵畏。                             &#

50、160;                                    

51、                                  中國經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)1月6日報(bào)道

52、前日17時(shí)40分，中原工商分局李宏濤來電稱，他們接到群眾舉報(bào)，在淮河路西段的李江溝村一民房內(nèi)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)制假茅臺(tái)酒的作坊，因?yàn)樽鞣簧姘竷r(jià)值太大，他們已經(jīng)通知警方，對翻窗逃跑的嫌疑人展開調(diào)查。他們在作坊內(nèi)，發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)酒味用的劇毒農(nóng)藥敵敵畏。,Henan counterfeit Maotai wine with Dichlorovos,,,當(dāng)日，在淮河路西環(huán)道邊上的老年公寓東側(cè)一處民房的一樓，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)就能聞到一股濃烈的酒曲氣味兒。工商人員正在兩間民房

53、內(nèi)，點(diǎn)查大量的“茅臺(tái)酒”，屋內(nèi)堆滿了寫著“茅臺(tái)酒”字樣的箱子，里面已裝滿了“成品酒”，一角放著兩個(gè)塑料大桶，盛滿剛調(diào)好的酒，酒桶邊上放置著一暗色瓶子。半瓶液體經(jīng)鑒定，確認(rèn)是劇毒農(nóng)藥敵敵畏?！斑@專門用來調(diào)酒出味兒的。幾年來，就有不少人喝假酒喝死的，太可怕了?！痹趬翘?，工商人員又發(fā)現(xiàn)另一滿瓶未開封的敵敵畏農(nóng)藥。 現(xiàn)場的中原工商分局監(jiān)管科王智科長介紹，當(dāng)天17時(shí)30分左右，他們接到群眾舉報(bào)，此處窗戶內(nèi)飄出酒味兒，有人拉走成箱的東

54、西，但租房者每次進(jìn)屋都立即緊閉房門，里面的人好像怕有人進(jìn)他們的屋內(nèi)?！拔覀兊能噭偟剑习寰蜎_上了二樓，從二樓陽臺(tái)上跳下去跑了。初步查明這是一個(gè)制造假茅臺(tái)作坊，現(xiàn)場查獲200多瓶茅臺(tái)酒以及制酒工具和大量原料，按市場價(jià)每瓶700元算，涉案價(jià)值14萬元以上?！币?yàn)橹萍僬呱嫦臃欠ń?jīng)營，涉案價(jià)值巨大，工商執(zhí)法人員立即通知中原公安分局刑偵人員趕到，現(xiàn)場只留下涉嫌制假者的一本結(jié)婚證，顯示嫌疑人姓盧，中原刑偵已根據(jù)該結(jié)婚證，對盧某追查中。

55、房東因?yàn)榻o造假者提供生產(chǎn)作坊，也在接受警方的調(diào)查。（鄭州晚報(bào) 記者 徐富盈/文 王銀廷/圖） (本文來源：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng) ),Source : http://news.163.com,,,假酒窩點(diǎn)：殺蟲劑勾兌出醬香型茅臺(tái),中國酒網(wǎng) （2009-2-11 16:17:28）,春節(jié)前，南京市棲霞公安、質(zhì)監(jiān)接到市民舉報(bào)后，聯(lián)手端掉了棲霞區(qū)馬群東花崗村一個(gè)制售假酒的特大窩點(diǎn)，此次查獲的假酒數(shù)量之大可謂近幾年罕見。兩輛貨車來回幾十趟，用了5個(gè)多小

56、時(shí)才把這批假酒運(yùn)出，抓獲涉案人員66人，其中35人被批捕?！　〕鲎馕堇镌臁懊啤薄　?月7日22時(shí)，200多名執(zhí)法人員悄悄集結(jié)。執(zhí)法人員首先對村口的主要交通要道進(jìn)行把守，隨后悄悄地對涉嫌制售假酒的出租屋外圍現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行封鎖。隨著統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)的一聲令下，200余名公安、質(zhì)監(jiān)執(zhí)法人員對該村22戶出租屋當(dāng)場進(jìn)行了清查，有17戶出租屋在造假。當(dāng)晚警方抓獲涉嫌制售假酒者53人，接著又從外圍抓獲涉案人員13人。此外，還查獲8臺(tái)機(jī)動(dòng)車，5本筆記本電腦

57、及銀行卡若干，卡內(nèi)金額及現(xiàn)場查獲的現(xiàn)金，加起來有66萬余元。,Counterfeit Maotai wine with Pesticide,,,殺蟲劑摻入“茅臺(tái)”　　在一間灌裝假茅臺(tái)酒的生產(chǎn)窩點(diǎn)里，涉及茅臺(tái)酒市場上的十來個(gè)品種。經(jīng)執(zhí)法人員現(xiàn)場清點(diǎn)還有精包裝禮品酒杯若干，甚至連茅臺(tái)酒沒有的品種也赫然在場，其制作水平之高讓消費(fèi)者單憑肉眼根本無法鑒別。在制假現(xiàn)場，一箱“全無敵”殺蟲劑和一支注射器引起執(zhí)法人員的注意，經(jīng)制假者交待，茅臺(tái)酒制假

58、者為讓假酒從口味上達(dá)到逼真的效果，一般都要將這種毒藥注射到假酒中，通常每瓶注射一至兩滴?！　∶┡_(tái)為什么會(huì)有殺蟲劑的味道呢？原來茅臺(tái)是醬香型的白酒，在發(fā)酵過程中自然形成了這種獨(dú)特的味道。很多人其實(shí)是不喜歡這個(gè)味道的，但都知道真正喜歡喝酒的人一喝茅臺(tái)，必須有醬香味，否則會(huì)被視為假酒，于是茅臺(tái)酒制假者就在假茅臺(tái)酒中加上殺蟲劑。　　經(jīng)審查顯示，張某、寧某、董某、羅某等為首的60余名制假分子，均為湖北省孝昌縣人，2008年10月來到馬群東

59、花崗村，大肆生產(chǎn)假冒高檔白酒。在銷往南京部分酒店同時(shí)，還將假酒銷往蘇州、連云港、鹽城、揚(yáng)州、青島等9個(gè)地區(qū)的飯店、個(gè)體超市和酒類批發(fā)市場。質(zhì)監(jiān)人員分析，如果這批假冒白酒全部銷售出去，非法獲利將達(dá)300萬元。從目前調(diào)查情況看，這一案件算得上是南京市歷年查處的假酒案件中，涉案人數(shù)最多、涉案金額最大的一起。,Source : http://www.cnwine.cn,,,中國酒網(wǎng) （2009-2-9 11:08:13）,河源市酒類專賣局與源城

60、區(qū)酒類專賣局近日在酒類專項(xiàng)清查行動(dòng)中，分別在源城區(qū)4家酒類批發(fā)點(diǎn)及銷售點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)多批疑用工業(yè)酒精勾兌的某知名品牌的假白酒，其中在該區(qū)源南鎮(zhèn)白田村的一家商店的倉庫內(nèi)共查獲假酒37箱共計(jì)443瓶，而在河源市區(qū)東江河邊紫金橋下的一家商店，當(dāng)?shù)鼐祁悓Ｙu局執(zhí)法人員共查出該商店已銷售出去的假白酒118瓶?！　∽蛉?，河源市酒類專賣局執(zhí)法人員仍在緊急追查被銷售出去的假酒去向及其假酒來源?！　?jù)當(dāng)?shù)鼐祁悓Ｙu局執(zhí)法人員介紹，12月10日中午，該局接到多

61、位河源市民舉報(bào)，稱該市源城區(qū)源南鎮(zhèn)白田村的一家商店正在銷售一種疑用工業(yè)酒精勾兌的冒牌假白酒?！　?zhí)法人員隨即到該商店進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場突擊檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)該商店出售的某品牌白酒無酒類流通隨附單、食品衛(wèi)生許可證、批次許可證，經(jīng)某品牌制酒廠家的打假人員辨認(rèn)，確認(rèn)屬于仿冒假酒。在該商店倉庫，執(zhí)法人員當(dāng)場查獲仿冒假酒37箱共443瓶。　　“正品酒是糧食酒，而這種假酒多為勾兌工業(yè)酒精制成，對人體有相當(dāng)大的危害?！碑?dāng)?shù)鼐祁悓Ｙu局一位執(zhí)法人員昨日告訴記者，隨

62、后執(zhí)法人員在河源市區(qū)東江河邊紫金橋下的一家商店清查時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)該商店12月6日購進(jìn)銷售的同一品牌假酒120瓶，店里只剩下2瓶假酒，其余的已被銷售一空?！　《诤釉词袇^(qū)站前路一個(gè)酒類批發(fā)倉庫清查時(shí)，執(zhí)法人員抵達(dá)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)該酒類批發(fā)倉庫大門已經(jīng)緊閉，一位執(zhí)法人員稱：“估計(jì)是得到同伙告密后臨時(shí)關(guān)門的?！蔽恼戮庉嫞篶yanine 文章來源：廣州日報(bào),Source : http://www.cnwine.cn,Industrial alcoh

63、ol in counterfeit wine,,澳門居民稱在街市買到假雞蛋 民署表示關(guān)注(圖),2009年02月20日10:58  來源：中國新聞網(wǎng),,據(jù)澳門日報(bào)報(bào)道，對于有居民稱懷疑購買多只假雞蛋，澳門民署管委會(huì)委員伍秉賢表示，過去曾有多宗問題雞蛋投訴，但其后查證并非澳門進(jìn)口，不排除有非正途來源的雞蛋流入澳門，利用假冒紅印蒙騙居民?！　∥楸t呼吁居民若發(fā)現(xiàn)問題雞蛋，應(yīng)記下生產(chǎn)編號及銷售點(diǎn)，連同問題樣本

64、送交民署、經(jīng)濟(jì)局或衛(wèi)生局，以便有關(guān)人員檢驗(yàn)?！　∮芯用癖硎荆缜皯岩稍谟訚h街市購買到假雞蛋，遂把假蛋帶到民署化驗(yàn)所要求化驗(yàn)，但有關(guān)人員并沒有接納。伍秉賢回應(yīng)指，居民若懷疑出現(xiàn)食品安全問題，可把有關(guān)食品送交由民署、衛(wèi)生局或經(jīng)濟(jì)局，前線人員將會(huì)接收有關(guān)產(chǎn)品并登記，由部門轉(zhuǎn)介技術(shù)部門化驗(yàn)。,,,伍秉賢稱，事件中涉及者并非化驗(yàn)所人員，并不清楚內(nèi)部規(guī)則，言語間令該名居民誤會(huì)要自行化驗(yàn)。他承認(rèn)有關(guān)人員在處理事件中有缺失，并對該名居民致歉。

65、 伍秉賢表示，所有進(jìn)口澳門的雞蛋，其來源場地、日期、生產(chǎn)編號、商鋪位置，民署均一一登記，居民若懷疑有假雞蛋，可以向民署反映，以便有關(guān)人員追查。此外，雞蛋在高溫下，外殼印有的編號會(huì)消失，雞蛋煮熟后也有所變化，不利檢驗(yàn)及找尋來源，若居民發(fā)現(xiàn)雞蛋有異樣，不要煮熟，盡量保留原狀，送交民署，以便追蹤貨品的來源?！　〗衲?至2月所收集到的問題雞蛋投訴不足10宗，只有約2宗提供樣本，其中居民交來的雞蛋殼上的紅色編號，多為未

66、登記，不排除是非正途流入澳門。　　伍秉賢強(qiáng)調(diào)，民署現(xiàn)時(shí)已與海關(guān)方面加緊聯(lián)系，加強(qiáng)堵截問題雞蛋流入。民署19日下午聯(lián)同衛(wèi)生局、經(jīng)濟(jì)局的獸醫(yī)及人員，大規(guī)模抽查市面多個(gè)雞蛋零售點(diǎn)，爭取最短時(shí)間公布查驗(yàn)結(jié)果。　　民署化驗(yàn)所處長吳偉濠表示，檢驗(yàn)雞蛋的真?zhèn)雾毥?jīng)四方面檢測，每個(gè)分析所需時(shí)間一至兩天，若化驗(yàn)樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)色素、苯甲酸鈉及金屬鋁(明礬)，便是假雞蛋。,Source : http://hm.people.com.cn,,,,All th

67、ese issues ring the bell of all manufacturers.What have already been done in most electronics manufacturing factories ? For sizeable and structured ones ?What countermeasures have been added lately ?What is the com

68、ing trend & consequence ?,Quality issues ring the bell,,What quality measures are being enforced in most electronic factories now,Usually at four levels :At supplier manufacturing site levelOwn factory IQCIn P

69、rocess QCOutgoing QA,,What quality measures are being enforce in most electronic factories now,Supplier manufacturing site level- ensure your suppliers have enough financial strength to do business with you !- sourc

70、e inspection, for those bulky & relative less expensive parts, and expensive to transport. Say, packaging, plastic, mechanical assemblies- 3rd party certification, e.g. conformance to ISO9000, QS16949 system, etc

71、- regular supplier audit. As a rule of thumb, at least once a year2. IQC level- AQL sampling check on all the parts- Less tight on low defect ppm parts, e.g. IC, semiconductors- Tighter on higher defect ppm parts

72、, e.g. mechanical fabricated parts, plastics, PCB, metals- Use 80/20 rule : 80% of the problems are caused by 20% of the parts- Monitor the incoming quality trend of : Individual part types by week, by monthIndivi