業(yè)主協(xié)會(huì)，安全圍墻，以及拉斯維加斯的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)【外文翻譯】

1、本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯原文：原文：HOMEOWNERASSOCIATIONSSECURITYWALLSDEVELOPMENTTRENDSINLASVEGASPrivatelygovernedresidentialenclavesknownascommoninteresthousingdevelopments(CIDs)manyofthemgatedwalledarethepredominantfmofnewhousinginAme

2、rica’sfastestgrowingcitiessuburbs.Overthelast25yearsthismassiveprivatizationoflocalgovernmentfunctionshaschangedtheappearanceganizationalstructureofAmericanurbanareas.Thistrendisnotapassingfashionbutaninstitutionaltransf

3、mationreflectingtheideologicalshifttowardprivatismacteristicoftheneoliberalconsensus.SpecificallytheCIDrevolutionisdrivenbythreemainfces.Developerspursuehigherdensityindertomaintainprofitsdespiterisinglcosts.Localgovernm

4、entsseekgrowthincreasedtaxrevenueswithminimalpublicexpenditure.manydleupperclasshomebuyersfearfulofcrimedisenchantedwithgovernmentareinsearchofaprivatizedutopia—asIcallitprivatopiaofferingsecurityahomogenouspopulationman

5、agerialprivategovernment.Thistransfmationresemblestheconstructionofaphysicalinstitutionalpomeriumsanctifiedwallaroundtheaffluentptionsofanincreasinglydividedsociety.NowhereintheUnitedStatesisthistransfmationmevisiblethan

6、inLasVegasNevadathefastestgrowingcityinthenationonethatexemplifiesthenationalglobaltrendtowardplacingtourismatthecenteroftheurbaneconomyreshapingthespatialsocialpoliticalderaccdingly.LasVegasarealocalgovernmentsrequirede

7、veloperstoconstructvirtuallyallnewhousinginCIDsgatedsecuritydevelopmentsarepopular.SopopularinfactthatnonCIDneighbhoodscomeunderpressuretoemulateCIDs.OnesuchneighbhoodBonanzaVillagewasliterallywalledinbytheCityofLasVegas

8、overtheprotestofsubmittedwitheachfinalmapapplicationaddressingthelscapedesignofthesubdivisionwithrespecttosuchfeaturesaswallfencedesignlfmsbermsrocksboulderstreesplantmaterialssculptureartpavingmaterialsstreetfurnituresu

9、bdivisionentrancestatementcommonarealscapingotheropenspaceareas…Wherecommonlotsareshownflscapingtheapplicantshallcausethecreationofahomeownersassociationfpurposesofowningthecommonlotmaintainingthelscaping.Thecodefurtherp

10、rovidesthat“Allwallssetbackareaslscapingcreatedtoaccommodatetheseregulationsshallbelocatedonprivateproperty.IfincommonownershipthepropertyshallbeownedmaintainedbyaHomeowner’sAssociation.”(LasVegasZoningCodeSection18.12.5

11、70subsectionC.Chapter19oftheZoningCoderequiresthatinResidentialPlannedDevelopmentDistricts“Alldevelopmentwith12medwellingunitsshallprovide15percentuseableopenspacefpassiveactiverecreationaluses.”TheCity’sUrbanDesignGuide

12、linesStardsaresimilarstating“Allrequiredlscapingshallbeproperlymaintainedbasedonstardlscapingpracticesbythepropertyowner(s)supptedbyaperpetualHomeowner’sAssociationbudgetareasonablealternativeapprovedbytheCity.”Iaminfmed

13、byarepresentativeoftheSouthernNevadaBuilders’Associationthatnosuch“reasonablealternativetoanassociationhasbeenapprovedtodate.ThesameGuidelinesStardsprovidethat“Developersmayprovideplantstreetmediansonpublicprivatestreets

14、aslongastheyaresupptedbyaperpetualHomeowner’sAssociation.”elsewherecommonopenspaceswhichmustbeHOAcontrolledarerequired:“PrivatecommonopenspacesaretobeprovidedinResidentialPlannedDevelopmentDistrictsinmultifamilyresidenti

15、aldevelopments.”Title19ofthecityZoningCodeprovidesfHOAcontrolledprivatestreetsgatedentrances:“Subdivisionsdevelopedwithprivatestreetsmusthaveamatypropertyownersassociationwhichincludesallpropertyservedbyprivatestreets.Th