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1、原文:CompetitivebenchmarkingffleetcostmanagementTheobjectiveofthisresearchistodevelopcompetitivebenchmarkingstrategiesfprivatefleetmanagementtoincreasethecostefficiencyofoperatingthefleet.Conceptsproceduresofbenchmarkingde
2、velopedintheliteraturearereviewedfirst.Thisisfollowedbythedevelopmentofabenchmarkingprocedurespecificallyfprivatefleetcostcontrolmanagement.Anillustrativeexampleusingdatafromalocalcompanyisthengiventodemonstratetheuseoft
3、hisprocedure.Keywds:competitivebenchmarkingprivatefleetcostmanagementreliabilityIntroductionOperatingaprivatefleetoftrucksinvolvesmanyriskybusinessdecisionsfdeliveryserviceindustries.Manycompanieshaveeliminatedtheirpriva
4、tefleetbycontractingouttherequireddeliveryservices.Althoughtheuseofacontractcarriercaneliminateacostlyprivatedeliveryfleetnotallcompaniesfindthisoptionfeasible.Somecompanieshavecustomerswithspecialproductdeliveryneedstha
5、tcannotbesufficientlymetbyacontractcarrier.Themajityofcompaniesthatoperateaprivatefleetofferaspecialiseduniqueservicetotheircustomersthroughtheprivatefleet.Withouttheprivatefleetmostofthesecompanieswouldloseastrategiccom
6、petitiveadvantagejeopardisetheircustomerbase.Fsuchcompaniesitiseconomicallyviabletomaintainaprivatefleettomeetcustomers’needs.Thebusinessenvironmentfoperatingaprivatefleetoftrucksisdemingverycompetitive.Inaclimatethathas
7、highexpectationswithlittletolerancefunsatisfactyperfmanceprivatefleetmanagersarefcedtoattainexceedinglyhighlevelsofreliabilitycostefficiencywithintheirfleets.Unitreliabilityisdefinedastheprobabilitythattheunitwillperfmit
8、sintendedfunctionundernmalconditions.Indertoincreasethefleet’sreliabilityasawholesystemthefleetmanagerutilisesspareunitsasbackupcomponentsfthefleettherebyintroducingredundancyintothefleetsystem.Maximisedfleetreliabilityo
9、ffersthesafestfocusonfleetsafety.BigrasGamache(2005)presentashtestroutealgithmtosolvethefleetmanagementproblem.LeungWu(2005)investigatedistributionstrategywithfleetmanagementinanuncertainenvironment.GendreauPotvin(2004)r
10、eviewissuesinrealtimeoperationsmanagement.Whilemostfleetmanagersrecognisethatstrategicfleetdecisionssuchasfmalisedreplacementintervalscostcomparisonsareanecessitytheylackstardisedmethodstoachieveoptimisedfleetdecisions.S
11、omefleetmanagementresearchstatesthatbenchmarkingcanbeusedfcreatingstrategiclogisticsmanagementdecisions(Kpela&Tuominen1996)somediscusstheimptanceofrecdingequipmentcostsmanagingthefleet’stimeindertorunacosteffectivefleet(
12、Deierlein1995)buttheyfailtocreateanactualprocessfthefleetmanagertofollowindertocreateacosteffectivefleet.Therearenumeroussourcesthatteachafleetmanagerwhatefficiencyqualityareasconcepts(Robbins&Decenzo2011)buttheydonottea
13、chthefleetmanagerhowtoactuallyattainqualityefficiencyfthefleet.Itistypicalthatfleetmanagementresearchsupptstheuseofqualitystrategicconceptssuchasbenchmarkinglifecyclecostingbutthecurrentavailableliteraturefailstoprovidea
14、nactualfleetprocessthatdetailshowtobenchmarklifecyclecostthefleet.Untilstardisedmethodsarecreatedfthefleetfleetmanagementpracticewillcontinuetobebaseduponheuristicsexperienceratherthanfleetdataqualityprocesses.Therearese
15、veralgeneralisedbenchmarkingprocessesavailablefuse.Thereisnotabenchmarkingprocessavailablethathasbeenmodifiedtofitthespecificrequirementsoftheprivatefleet.Burkediscussesavalid10stepbenchmarkingmethod(Burke1995).Burke’sbe
16、nchmarkingprocessisageneralguidelinecanbemodifiedtofitthebenchmarkingneedsoftheprivatefleet.Summers(2006)describesasixstepbenchmarkingprocess.Fmalbenchmarkingcanbedefinedasanimprovementprocessinwhichacompanymeasuresitspe
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