2思科設備互聯(lián)

1、Cisco 路由器介紹,配置途徑用主控CONSOLE口接終端配置?？梢栽贏UX口接一MODEM同電話網(wǎng)相連，在遠端配置在TCP/IP網(wǎng)上可通過仿真終端TELNET配置可以從TFTP SERVER上下載配置可用網(wǎng)管工作站進行監(jiān)控和配置,IOS 的用戶界面: 是 CLI (Command Line interface) ，象MS-DOS， unix里面的command line都是 CLI的。而Windows是GUI (Gra

2、phic User Interface). CLI的特點是比較難學，但configure 起來比較快。,Cisco 路由器配置途徑,PCs require an RJ-45-to-DB-9 or RJ-45-to-DB-25 adapter. 要有適配器COM port settings are 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control. 數(shù)率

3、和數(shù)據(jù)位的要求AUX switch port may be used for a modem-connected console. AUX用于MODEM連接控制臺,Setting Up a ConsoleConnection設置一個控制臺連接,Device with Console,,,,,,,,使用Telnet登陸網(wǎng)絡設備,,,確保主機與要登陸的直連設備處于同一網(wǎng)段內(nèi)。輸入命令C:\>telnet 192.16

4、8.1.102,192.168.1.102,Cisco 路由器配置模式,一般用戶模式只限于路由器的某一些有 限的權限登錄到機器的缺省狀態(tài)router>,全局設置狀態(tài)在特權執(zhí)行態(tài)輸入config terminal 則進入該態(tài)router(config)#,特權模式有檢查，配置，調試等所有權限通過enable可進入此狀態(tài)router#,其他的設置狀態(tài)在特權執(zhí)行狀態(tài)輸入相應的命令時進入例如：interfac

5、e serial 2/0router(config-mode)#,用戶模式Router>,特權模式Router#,全局配置模式Router(config)#,子配置模式Router(config-mode)#,,,,,,,enable,configure terminal,exit end ctrl+z,具體命令,exit,end ctrl+z,,exit,各種模式間的轉換,,路由器模式一覽,,,,,,,,Route

6、r(config)#,Router>enable,Router#config term,Exit,Ctrl-Z (end),用戶模式特權模式全局配置模式,,,,,配置模式,模式提示,InterfaceRouter(config-if)#SubinterfaceRouter(config-subif)#Controller Router(config-controller)#LineRout

7、er(config-line)#RouterRouter(config-router)#IPX router Router(config-ipx-router)#,,,,,,wg_ro_c#?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interf

8、ace access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manual emergency modes setting cd Change current directory clear Reset functions clock Manage t

9、he system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also 'undebug'

10、;) delete Delete a file dir List files on a filesystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on pr

11、ivileged commands erase Erase a filesystem exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system-- More --,路由器特權模式命令列表,,,路由器上下文相關幫助,Router#,clok,,Translating &q

12、uot;CLOK",% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,,,,Router#,cl?,,clear clock,,Router#,clock,,% Incomplete command.,,Router#,clock ?,set Set the time and date,Router#,clock set,%

13、 Incomplete command.,,Router#,clock set ?,hh:mm:ss Current Time,,字符解析 命令提示 命令回調,,,,,,路由器上下文相關幫助(cont.),Router# clok,Translating "CLOK",% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,

14、,,,Router#,clear clock,,Router#,% Incomplete command.,,Router#,set Set the time and date,Router#,% Incomplete command.,,Router#,hh:mm:ss Current Time,,,,Router#,clock set 19:56:00,,% Incomplete command.,,,Router#,

15、clock set 19:56:00 ?,, Day of the month,,MONTH Month of the year,,,,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 8,,^,,% Invalid input detected at the '^' marker,,,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 August,% Incomplete com

16、mand.,,,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 August ?, Year,,命令提示語法檢查命令提示,,,,查看配置情況,控制臺,IOS,,Setup utility,showstartup-config,showrunning-config,,,將配置參數(shù)保存到NVRAM中,Config,Config,,RAM,NVRAM,,,,show running 和 show startup

17、命令,,,,wg_ro_c#show startup-configUsing 1359 out of 32762 bytes!version 12.0!-- More --,,wg_ro_c#show running-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration:!version 12.0!-- More --,保存在NVRAM中,保存在RAM中,顯

18、示當前運行的和保存的配置情況,show version 命令,,wg_ro_a#show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, In

19、c.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguyeImage text-base: 0x03050C84, data-base: 0x00001000ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.0(10c), RELEA

20、SE SOFTWARE(fc1)wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutesSystem restarted by reloadSystem image file is "flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin"(output omitted)--More--Configuration register is 0x2102,,配置路由器的各種標識,為路由器設置標識或信息,,路

21、由器名,,Router(config)#hostname wg_ro_cwg_ro_c(config)#,,開機時的固定顯示信息,,wg_ro_c(config)#banner motd # Accounting Department You have entered a secured system. Authorized access only! #,,配置路由器的各種標識,為路由器端口設置標識

22、或信息,,路由器名,,Router(config)#hostname wg_ro_cwg_ro_c(config)#,,開機時的固定顯示信息,,wg_ro_c(config)#banner motd # Accounting Department You have entered a secured system. Authorized access only! #,,端口描述,,wg_ro_c(

23、config)#interface fastethernet 0/0wg_ro_c(config-if)#description Engineering LAN, Bldg. 18,,Router(config)#interface type numberRouter(config-if)#,端口配置,type 包括 serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, diale

24、r, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnelnumber 用來識別具體的單個端口,從當前端口配置模式退出,,Router(config)#interface type slot/portRouter(config-if)#,模塊化端口的表示法,配置串口,進入全局配置模式,,Router(config)#interface serial 0/0 Router(config-if)#,,Router#

25、configure termRouter(config)#,指定某個端口,配置串口,進入全局配置模式,,Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000Router(config-if)#,,Router(config)#interface serial 0/0 Router(config-if)#,,Router#configure termRouter(config)#,,Router(con

26、fig-if)#bandwidth 64000Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#,指定某個端口,設置時鐘頻率 (只在DCE端),調協(xié)波特率 (建議),禁用或啟用一個接口,,Router#configure termRouter(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-3-UPD

27、OWN: Interface Seria0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up,Enables an interface that is administratively shut down啟用,,Router#configure termRouter(config)#in

28、terface serial 0 Router(config-if)#shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to administratively down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down,Administratively tur

29、ns off an interface管理性關閉,,,Router#show interface serial 0/0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.140.4.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1

30、/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:04, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/d

31、rops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (all

32、ocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec(output omitted),確認參數(shù)修改情況,CISCO網(wǎng)絡工程師,內(nèi)部講義,,,Router#show interfaces serial 1Serial1 is up, line prot

33、ocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Description: 64Kb Line to San Jose :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: ::,,,Operational..................Connection problem...Interface problem........Disabled .................

34、.....,Serial1 is up, line protocol is upSerial1 is up, line protocol is downSerial1 is down, line protocol is downSerial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down,Keepalives,Carrier Detect,,,,,接口的狀態(tài),給接口配置IP地址,B

35、ecause IP address is interface specific, you need to go to interface Router>enable Router#config t Router(config)#int s0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#int f0/0Router(

36、config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#^Z,使用 ping和 trace 命令,測試連通性和路徑,,Router#ping 10.1.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds