日語語法大全整理筆記

1、日語語法大全整理筆記之目錄日語基本讀音..................................................................................................................................11常識(shí)...................................................................

2、...............................................................................131.外來語...................................................................................................................................132

3、.日語的音調(diào)（重音）......................................................................................................143.常用中國姓氏讀法................................................................................................

4、..........154.常用日本姓氏讀法..........................................................................................................155.語法術(shù)語名...................................................................................

5、...................................166.日語詞匯分類..................................................................................................................167.地名和讀法....................................................

6、..................................................................178.英文字母日語讀法..........................................................................................................18各種常用詞.............................

7、.........................................................................................................191.數(shù)詞和量詞..........................................................................................................

8、............191.1.數(shù)詞..................................................................................................................191.2.量詞..............................................................................

9、....................................212.數(shù)量、順序詞匯的讀法..................................................................................................213.星期的表示...............................................................

10、.......................................................224.日期表達(dá)法......................................................................................................................225.月份表達(dá)法.............................

11、.........................................................................................236.四季表達(dá)法......................................................................................................................237.

12、時(shí)分秒表達(dá)法..................................................................................................................238.其它時(shí)間相關(guān)表達(dá)法.......................................................................................

13、...............23語法..................................................................................................................................................251.判斷句................................................

14、..............................................................................251.1.基本句型（肯定式）................................................................................................251.2.過去肯定式....................

15、............................................................................................251.3.否定式.......................................................................................................................

16、.251.4.過去否定式................................................................................................................251.5.將來推測式.....................................................................................

17、...........................261.6.疑問式........................................................................................................................261.7.特殊疑問式.....................................................

18、...........................................................261.8.中頓式........................................................................................................................262.存在句.........................

19、.....................................................................................................272.1.存在動(dòng)詞的含義........................................................................................................27

20、2.2.存在動(dòng)詞的分工........................................................................................................272.3.存在句句型..............................................................................................

21、..................272.3.1.表示“有”含義的基本句型......................................................................282.3.2.表示“在“含義的基本句型......................................................................283.愿望句式..............

22、....................................................................................................283.1.（第一人稱は）…がを…たいです。／（第一人稱）想…...........................286.2.6.動(dòng)詞的命令形................................................

23、..........................................386.2.6.1.五段動(dòng)詞的命令形..........................................................................386.2.6.2.一段動(dòng)詞的命令形....................................................................

24、......396.2.6.3.カ變動(dòng)詞的命令形......................................................................396.2.6.4.サ變動(dòng)詞的命令形......................................................................396.2.7.動(dòng)詞的推量形及推量助動(dòng)詞(うよう).............

25、.................................396.2.7.1.五段動(dòng)詞的推量形..........................................................................406.2.7.2.一段動(dòng)詞的推量形..........................................................................406

26、.2.7.3.カ變動(dòng)詞的推量形..........................................................................406.2.7.4.サ變動(dòng)詞的推量形..........................................................................406.3.授受關(guān)系動(dòng)詞及其用法.......................

27、...................................................................406.3.1.授受關(guān)系動(dòng)詞..............................................................................................416.3.2.授受關(guān)系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的補(bǔ)助動(dòng)詞句.......................

28、...................................426.3.3.授受關(guān)系三原則......................................................................................426.4.動(dòng)詞的使役態(tài)、使役助動(dòng)詞「5.6.5.せるさせる」5.6.6.、使役句....436.5.動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)及被動(dòng)助動(dòng)詞(れるられる)..............

29、................................44a.被動(dòng)句的基本句型：..........................................................................................45b.被動(dòng)句的擴(kuò)展句型.........................................................................

30、.....................45a)處理雙賓語句............................................................................................45b)處理漢語“…的…”結(jié)構(gòu)............................................................................456.6.

31、可能態(tài)及可能動(dòng)詞..................................................................................................46a.動(dòng)詞原形ことができる.................................................................................46b.動(dòng)詞未然形[れる|られる]..

32、......................................................................46c.五段動(dòng)詞詞尾「う」段假名→「え」段假名る......................................46d.サ變動(dòng)詞詞干できる...........................................................................

33、.......477.助詞、助動(dòng)詞..........................................................................................................477.1.提示助詞[は]....................................................................................

34、......................477.2.提示助詞[も]..........................................................................................................477.3.助詞[が]....................................................................

35、..............................................477.3.1.主格助詞[が]..........................................................................................487.3.2.格助詞[が].......................................................

36、.......................................487.3.3.接續(xù)助詞[が]..........................................................................................487.4.領(lǐng)格助詞[の]...............................................................

37、...........................................487.5.終助詞[か]..............................................................................................................487.6.接續(xù)助詞[て]..........................................

38、................................................................497.7.提示助詞[は]..........................................................................................................497.8.接續(xù)助詞[から].......................

39、.......................................................................497.9.補(bǔ)格助詞[より]..............................................................................................497.10.副助詞[ほど]...........................

40、.......................................................................497.11.終助詞[ね][よ]..............................................................................................497.12.傳聞助動(dòng)詞[そうだ]......................

41、................................................................507.13.補(bǔ)格助詞[に]..................................................................................................507.14.副助詞[か]...............................