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1、寫作必背單詞和短語寫作必背單詞和短語1.counterproductiveadj.產(chǎn)生相反效果(結(jié)果)的產(chǎn)生相反效果(結(jié)果)的e.g.Itiscounterproductivetobetootough:itjustmakesthestaffresentful.2.seminaladj.萌芽的,潛在的;開創(chuàng)性的;有重大影響的萌芽的,潛在的;開創(chuàng)性的;有重大影響的e.g.intheseminalstate(在萌芽狀態(tài))||seminalth
2、oughts||seminalprinciple(基本原則)3.fgov.放棄放棄e.g.Thechoicetofgohissecurityisalwaysavailablealthoughitmightcarryunpleasantconsequence.4.intuitionn.直覺直覺e.g.Iwilltrustmystrongintuitionthatfreewillisanessentialpartofourbeingashu
3、mans.5.satisfyv.證明是正當(dāng)?shù)?,公證的;為證明是正當(dāng)?shù)?,公證的;為…尋找正當(dāng)理由尋找正當(dāng)理由e.g.Inthefinalanalysisgovernmentcannotphilosophicallysatisfyassistinglargecitiesfthepurposeofeitherpromotingpreservingthenationsculturaltraditionsnisgovernmentassistan
4、cenecessarytowardtheseends.6.restto…訴諸訴諸…e.g.thereisnonecessitytoresttoviolentactionssuchasdemonstrationriotrebel.7.hingeon…以…為轉(zhuǎn)移,靠為轉(zhuǎn)移,靠…轉(zhuǎn)動轉(zhuǎn)動e.g.Theclaimthatsociety’sdestinyhingesonhowchildrenaresocializedwhileappealingi
5、nsomerespectsisanoverstatementatbest.8.lendsomecredenceto…提供支持提供支持e.g.Recentadvancesinmolecularbiologygeicslendsomecredencetothispositionbysuggestingthatthesedeterminingphysicalfcesincludeourownindividualgeicmakeup.9.dim
6、ensionn.大小;體積;程度;范圍大??;體積;程度;范圍e.g.Ididnotrealizethedimensionsoftheproblem.10.amountto…相當(dāng)于;等于相當(dāng)于;等于e.g.Whatyousayamountstoadirectaccusation.11.inspirev.激勵或鼓舞激勵或鼓舞e.g.Tobeginwithlearningaboutkeyhisticalfiguresinspiresustoa
7、chievegreatthingsourselvesfarmesothanlearningabouttheconditionsofgroupsofpeople.12.providenecessaryimpetusf…給與給與…動力動力e.g.Itisalmostalwaysakeyindividualwhoprovidethenecessaryimputesfwhatotherwisemightbeagroupefftasdiscuss
8、edbelow.13.paradigmn.樣式;典范;范例樣式;典范;范例e.g.educationalparadigms14.obscurev.使陰暗;使朦朧使陰暗;使朦朧e.g.Generallyspeakingthenundueattentiontotheefftsfosterv.養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育撫育撫育培養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)鼓勵鼓勵(Frequentculturalexchangewillcertainlyhelpfosterfriendlyrela
9、tionsbetweenourtwouniversities.||detectfosterartistictalent.||tofosteraninterestinmusic)nurturev.養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育給與營養(yǎng)物給與營養(yǎng)物教養(yǎng)教養(yǎng)(WhilethespeakermightoverlookthebenefitsofnurturingcertainemotionsfeelsonbalanceIagreethat…)30.若干重;若干刃若干重
10、;若干刃adoubleedgedswd雙刃劍雙刃劍e.g.Thistypeofadvertisementcanbeadoubtedgedswdwhentheproductdoesnotmaketheperson“belike”thepersonintheadvertisementtherecanbedisappointmentdisillusionmentwiththeproduct.atwoedgedweapon雙重武器雙重武器e.g
11、.Asissooftenpointedoutknowledgeisatwoedgedweaponwhichcanbeusedequallyfgoodevil.twofoldthreefoldmanifoldadj.雙重雙重三重三重多種多種e.g.Wehavetoaskourselvesveryseriouslywhatwillhappenisthistwofolduseofknowledgewithitseverincreasingpo
12、wercontinues.e.g.TheCityCouncilhasamanifoldplantobeautifythecity.31.消除;減輕消除;減輕eliminatev.排除,消除排除,消除(eliminatethefalseretainthetrue||eliminatethepossibilityof=precludethepossibilityof)diminishv.使減小,使變少使減小,使變少(diminishone’
13、sreputation||diminishthecostofproduction)underminev.破壞,削弱破壞,削弱(fmalstudyofthepresentcultureattheexpanseofstudyingpastculturescanunderminethefunctionofhighereducationultimatelyprovideadisservicetostudentstosociety.)32.惡化;
14、加劇惡化;加劇exacerbatev.惡化惡化增劇增劇激怒激怒使加劇使加劇使煩惱使煩惱e.g.Theproblemswouldonlybeexacerbatedwerethesedecisionsleftexclusivelytofederalregulats.33.過度;過分過度;過分exbitantadj.過度的;過高的過度的;過高的(exbitantrents||exbitantlyexpensive||exbitantamoun
15、tofmoney)undueadj.過度的;過分的過度的;過分的(applyunduepressuretomakes.b.changehismind)34.導(dǎo)致、造成導(dǎo)致、造成pose引起某事物,造成,提出引起某事物,造成,提出e.g.Winterposesparticulardifficultiesftheelderly.renderv.致使,造成致使,造成e.g.Youractionhasrenderedourcontractinv
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