英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)自學(xué)教程(完全版)

1、英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo),,1. 發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確，說地道的英語(yǔ) 學(xué)習(xí)音標(biāo)能幫助我們準(zhǔn)確發(fā)音，快速提高學(xué)習(xí)信心、聽、讀能力。 2. 拼讀法記憶單詞 死記硬背字母的記憶方法不科學(xué)。英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音有極大的內(nèi)在規(guī)律，國(guó)際音標(biāo)可以用來背單詞。只要知道讀音就基本可以拼寫出單詞，檢驗(yàn)單詞拼寫有否錯(cuò)誤。,,3. 自主學(xué)習(xí)，增加詞匯量 沒有學(xué)習(xí)音標(biāo)依賴?yán)蠋熁螂娮釉~典。很多同學(xué)怕自己忘了就用中

2、文或者奇怪的符號(hào)標(biāo)注。 英語(yǔ)數(shù)十萬(wàn)單詞，學(xué)會(huì)音標(biāo)，遇到不懂的單詞，只需借助詞典，便可輕松拼讀。4. 整體語(yǔ)感提高　 掌握音標(biāo)，可以很流暢地朗讀課文。語(yǔ)感也隨著這樣的日常訓(xùn)練逐步提高，對(duì)學(xué)生應(yīng)對(duì)語(yǔ)法選擇、完形填空和閱讀理解等題目有一種無(wú)形的助力。,元音和輔音的定義： 元音：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振 動(dòng)，呼出的氣流通過口腔時(shí)不受阻礙。 輔音：發(fā)音時(shí)呼出的氣流通過口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到一定的阻礙。

3、 清輔音：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)的輔音。 濁輔音：發(fā)音聲帶振動(dòng)的輔音。,,,,元音音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí),元音概述： 英語(yǔ)里共有20個(gè)元音（單元音1２個(gè)，雙元音８?jìng)€(gè)）。形成元音時(shí)，聲帶振動(dòng)，氣流由咽腔和口腔逸出時(shí)，不受到任何阻礙，沒有可聽到的摩擦聲。 元音差異是由發(fā)音時(shí)各發(fā)音器官的不同位置形成的?！安煌恢谩敝饕敲枋錾辔缓痛叫巍?決定的因素 舌頭的位置：舌頭是在口腔的前部、中部或者后部，決定所發(fā)的音

4、是前元音、中元音還是后元音； 舌身隆起高度：舌的哪一部分隆起最高，決定發(fā)出的元音是開口元音、半開元音、合口元音、還是半合元音。 雙唇的圓扁和大小對(duì)形成不同的元音也有相當(dāng)?shù)挠绊憽?Lesson 1,,元音/i:/ /i/ 輔音/p/ /b/,/i/,發(fā)音字母: i y e ui u ey單詞舉例： sit pig big it is fish busy many happy

5、 dictionary moneyBe quick!We’ll go to the cinema.What is it?It is a ticket.,/i:/,字母組合:ee ea e ie ei ey單詞舉例：three sheep meet bee eat tea meat leaveteacher speak clean please he she me piece receiv

6、e Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field?,/b/,字母組合: b bb單詞舉例：boy ball bed bag beerubber rabbit cabbage Bob’s big brother is building a beautiful building between two brick block

7、s.,/p/,字母組合p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stoppp: apple happyPeggy is playing the piano.,Lesson 2,,元音/ ɑ :/ / ? / 輔音/ ? / / ? /,/ɑ:/,字母組合: ar a au 單詞舉例：car farm laugh park fast class

8、 glass grass aunt The teeth of the shark are sharp.,/? /,發(fā)音字母: u o ou oo 單詞舉例：sun but run luck cup bus come mother love above trouble blood flood,/ ? /,字母組合: sh 單詞舉例： ship shoe

9、shop shortShe sells seashells on the seashore.,/ ? /,字母組合: s si(on）單詞舉例: usually television casual treasurePleasure makes treasure.,Lesson 3,,元音/ e / / æ / 輔音/ t / / d /,Lesson 3,,元音/ e / / æ

10、/ 輔音/ t / / d /,/ e /,字母組合: ea e a ai 單詞舉例：head bread bell leg egg remember pen lesson better desk hotel yes Can I have bread and egg.,/ æ/,發(fā)音字母: a單詞舉例：bag hand happy hat map bad

11、 black back dad man at Catch that fat cat.,/ t / /d/,字母組合: t單詞舉例： boat table coat goat talk The cat sat in a hat and watched a cat.,字母組合: d單詞舉例：dog do date doctor desk Dick likes del

12、icious food.,Lesson 4,,元音/ ?/ / ?:/ 輔音/ f / / v /,/ ? / or /?/,發(fā)音字母: o a 單詞舉例：on hot fox dog shop stop want wash watchTom want to wash his dog.,/ ?:/,字母組合: al or au our ar oor a 單詞舉例：smal

13、l wall talk tall walk short more horse for forty sport author autumn caughtfour warm floor door water,/f/,字母組合: f ph gh單詞舉例： fox fish laugh photo elephantFrank has a french fri

14、end.,/v/,字母組合: v單詞舉例： very vase five love wave elevenI love it very much.,,,,[?:] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合er ir ur ear or er: her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday tur

15、tle purple curtain ear:early learn or: word work world根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中元音字母組合發(fā)音相同的單詞。 1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term

16、,,[?] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ure er ar or a e ure: picture er:teacher brother dinner father sister ar: sugar or:doctor a:panda about above camera sofa China根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[?]的2個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 1.mother sofa road smil

17、e 2.sit father sister food 3. hair deer tiger China 4.sugar soon ear leader,Lesson 2,音標(biāo)[?:] [?] [u:] [u]學(xué)習(xí),音標(biāo)[?:] [?] [u:] [u]學(xué)習(xí),,,,,[?:] 發(fā)

18、這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合a aw al or oor a: water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall or:horse corn fork or short oor:floor door根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[?:]的1個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 1.tall bird bread poor

19、 2.idea chair sport hare 3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk,,[?] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合o a o: fox coffee dog sh

20、op dog doctor long a: watch 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[?:]的2個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog 3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl,,[u:] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合

21、o oo ui o: do who whose oo: food moon too ui: fruit juice u: ruler rude 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出不發(fā)[u:]的單詞。 1. juice moon zoo panda 2. tooth broom eye spoon 3. head boot noodles pool

22、 4. noon cool boot watch,,Lesson 4,元音音標(biāo)[ei] [ai] [?i] [au]練習(xí),音標(biāo)[ei] [ai] [?i] [au]練習(xí),,[ei] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合a ai ay a: cake make name game snake gate lazy ai: rain train wait ay:day May

23、 play taday way 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出下列單詞中發(fā)音不一樣的單詞。 1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train,,[ai] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合i y ie uy i: kite bi

24、ke nice tiger write knife y: by cry fly my sky try why ie:tie pie uy:buy根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出每組中發(fā)[ai]的2個(gè)單詞. 1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write

25、 small tennis kite,,[?i] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合oi oy oi: oil boil coin oy: boy toy根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出每組中發(fā)[?i]的2個(gè)單詞. 1.soil hear soy cold 2. rabbit bed boy noise 3.walk voise boil word 4. tea enjoy to

26、y milk,,[au] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ou ow ou: house mouse mouth trousers ow: flower cow how now down根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，選出不發(fā)[au]的單詞。 1．mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth 3. town dance flower house

27、 4.tower blouse now baby,Lesson 5,元音音標(biāo)[?u] [i?] [e?] [u?]的練習(xí),音標(biāo)[?u] [i?] [e?] [u?]的練習(xí),,[?u] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合o oa ow o: nose rose poen over oa: boat coat soap goat ow:show window snow

28、bowl 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中發(fā)[?u]的2個(gè)單詞。 1．coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3. your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp,,[i?] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ear eer ear: ear hear tear

29、 eer: deer beer根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中發(fā)[i?]的1個(gè)單詞。 1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4. ring king here three,,[e?] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合air ear air: hair chair p

30、air ear:pear bear wear根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中發(fā)[e?]的1個(gè)單詞。 1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4. ring king hare three,,[u?] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合oor our

31、 ure oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中發(fā)[u?]的1個(gè)單詞。 1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower air 4. voice king pure enginee

32、r,輔音爆破音： [p][t][k] [b][d][g]摩擦音： [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] 破擦音： [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [t∫] [t3] 鼻輔音： [m] [n] [η] 舌側(cè)音： 1）出現(xiàn)在元音之前叫作清晰舌邊音2）出現(xiàn)在輔音及單詞末尾時(shí)叫作模糊舌邊音半元音：擦音中氣流較弱，摩擦較小，介于元音跟輔音之 間的音 [w] [j][3] [∫]

33、 [h] [r],輔音音標(biāo),Lesson 6,輔音音標(biāo) [t] [d]練習(xí),輔音音標(biāo)[p] [b] [t] [d]練習(xí),,[t] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出沒有發(fā)[t]的1個(gè)單詞。 1.taxi fat bag to

34、y 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain,,[d] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出沒有發(fā)[d]的1個(gè)單詞。 1.b

35、ed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape,Lesson 7,輔音音標(biāo)[k] [g] [s] [z]學(xué)習(xí),輔音音標(biāo)[k] [g] [s] [z]學(xué)習(xí),,[k]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合c k ck c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kit

36、e cake ck: clock sock cock neck從下列單詞中找出一個(gè)發(fā)[sk]的單詞。 1. cake car desk neck 2. mask rock ink clock 3. disk truck silk duck,,[g]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat

37、 flag gg: egg 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出發(fā)[g]的單詞。 gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language,,[s]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea see c:

38、pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中2個(gè)發(fā)[s]的單詞。 1. whose juice lick student 2. those case scarf shoes 3. space n

39、ose science meat 4. tears piece bus nose,[z]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose rose根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中2個(gè)發(fā)[z]的單詞。 1.zoo freeze lick case 2. gam

40、e play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4. tears peanut eagle zero,Lesson 8,輔音音標(biāo)[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]練習(xí),輔音音標(biāo)[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]練習(xí),[∫] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cas

41、h shop she根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出下列單詞中發(fā)[∫]的2個(gè)單詞。 1. shell ship watch desk 2. truck shirt skirt ship 3. brush carrat sheep sleep 4. hero shape street shelf,[3]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合s s: television, usual

42、ly, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collision; a great decision; my pleasure根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出下列單詞中發(fā)[3]的2個(gè)單詞。 1. shell ship garage desk 2. truck shirt pleasure ship 3. brush casual sheep sleep

43、 4. hero shape leisure shelf,,[t∫]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ch tch ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,找出下列單詞中發(fā)[t∫]的單詞，并抄下來。 chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China

44、 church these flower egg dream shark chick catch,,[d3]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,圈出下列單詞中發(fā)[d3]的單詞。 egg giraffe drago

45、n grass cabbage job gift gate orange drug jeans gun,Lesson 9,音標(biāo)[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的練習(xí),音標(biāo)[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的練習(xí),,[f]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: gir

46、affe ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh選出下列單詞中不發(fā)[f]的單詞，寫在橫線上。 knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf,independent,獨(dú)立自主,,[v]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合v ve v: video vas

47、e vest ve: five love violin根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則,在不發(fā)[v]的單詞上打× violin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase,[θ]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合th th: three thin thi

48、rd teeth mouth根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出不發(fā)[θ]的單詞。 1．father three maths thirsty 2. mouth throat Thursday brother 3. think thirsty mother thousand 4. thin thick they teeth,[ð]發(fā)這個(gè)

49、音的字母和字母組合th th: father mother brother clothes weather根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中發(fā) [ð]的1個(gè)單詞。 1．than sister brother three 2. weather thank night good 3. tie look teeth they 4.

50、 thin father throat watch,Lesson 10,輔音音標(biāo)［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的練習(xí),音標(biāo)［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的練習(xí),[ts] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，

51、找出發(fā)[ts]的4個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids,[dz] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合ds des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides

52、 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[dz]的5個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats horse sands gates,[tr] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出沒有發(fā)[tr

53、]的3個(gè)單詞寫在后面的橫線上。 seats truck train trash tractor drink street drug trousers,,Lesson 11,輔音音標(biāo)[h][r][l][m]的練習(xí),輔音音標(biāo)[h][r][l][m]的練習(xí),[h]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合h wh h: he her head heart hair ham

54、 wh: who whose 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則， 把下列單詞中不發(fā)[h]的找出來。 1. ham hat white ( ) 2. horse whale who ( ) 3. wheat hole hair ( ),[r] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose

55、 rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，選出發(fā)[r]的單詞，打√。 1. bread driver wrong rain worker 2. river father robot rope sister 3. write fruit rabbit crown drum,

56、[l] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，選出每組中不發(fā)[l]的單詞。 1. lamp nail flag woman ( ) 2. yellow fruit lion lychee

57、 ( ) 3. grape bull laugh lake ( ) 4. dumpling moon wheel whale( ),[m] 發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb

58、,Lesson 12,音標(biāo)[n] [η] [w] [j]的練習(xí),音標(biāo)[n] [η] [w] [j]的練習(xí),[n]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合n kn gnn: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane downkn: knee knife knock gn: sign 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[n]的單詞并抄下來。1. mirror wheel

59、 yes knock 2. mall hen laugh nut 3. earrings plane wing bread,[η]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合n ngn: ink bank tank fingerng: sing hang song king readin

60、g running 根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，從下列每組中找出2個(gè)發(fā)[η]的單詞。1．net ring finger meat 2. tennis mouth song swing 3. dumpling wing run

61、 nail 4. hang swim ink note,[w]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，選出每組中不發(fā)[w]音的1個(gè)單詞

62、。1. wood write wheel which2. wheat snow wet woman3. white window now why4. whale water watch row,[j]發(fā)這個(gè)音的字母和字母組合yy: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出發(fā)[j]的單詞寫在下面橫線上。cry you

63、 your sky yellow lorry money jelly toy boy yogurt soy,Lesson 13語(yǔ)音的基本常識(shí) 1、音節(jié)的劃分 一個(gè)單詞的音標(biāo)中有幾個(gè)元音就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。2、重讀音節(jié) 任何雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)單詞的音標(biāo)中，有重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié) ，哪一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀，該音節(jié)的左上方或該音節(jié)的元音上方標(biāo)有重讀符號(hào)“'”。3、濁化音 以sp__,

64、 st___, sk___開頭的單詞中，清輔音/p/ /t/ /k/分別要發(fā)濁輔音/b/ /d/ /g/。4、定冠詞the的讀音 e.g. the man c.f. the old man,5、不完全爆破 爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面緊跟另一個(gè)爆破音時(shí)，前面的那個(gè)爆破音只在口腔內(nèi)形成阻礙，而不能完全讀出。 e.g. basketball the part

65、of the earth 6、連讀 在一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或句子中，如果相鄰兩詞的關(guān)系相等密切，而前一個(gè)詞以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞以元音開頭，輔音和元素連在一起讀。7、意群的停頓  對(duì)于一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的句子，可以根據(jù)意思和結(jié)構(gòu)將其分成幾群,一個(gè)意群必須一口氣說完。,,,,音素和國(guó)際音標(biāo) 1．什么是音素：音素是語(yǔ)音的最小單位。2．音素的分類：元音和輔音。3．音素的個(gè)數(shù)：共48個(gè)，元音音素20個(gè)，輔

66、 音音 素28個(gè)。4．什么是音標(biāo)：記錄音素的符號(hào)叫做音標(biāo)。5．什么是國(guó)際音標(biāo)：國(guó)際音標(biāo)是由國(guó)際語(yǔ)音 協(xié)會(huì)規(guī)定的一套音標(biāo)，用來 記錄世界各主要語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)音。7. 開音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e : name, bike, home, due,

67、 plane, shine b) 輔音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello8. 閉音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+輔音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant9.重讀音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中發(fā)音特別響亮