遠(yuǎn)程實(shí)時(shí)空氣自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

1、摘要城市空氣質(zhì)量是作為城市環(huán)境的重要指標(biāo)之一，將直接影響到城市居民的健康甚至出行。近年來(lái)，由于城市空氣污染日益加重，所以應(yīng)該對(duì)城市空氣的質(zhì)量進(jìn)行全天候?qū)崟r(shí)的監(jiān)測(cè)。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于AT89S52單片機(jī)的低成本遠(yuǎn)程空氣監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)可對(duì)城市各個(gè)區(qū)域的大氣溫度、濕度、氣壓、風(fēng)速和CO，SO2氣體濃度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)。傳感器輸出的信號(hào)通過(guò)電流電壓轉(zhuǎn)換和運(yùn)算放大器的放大之后，送入14位高精度AD轉(zhuǎn)換芯片MAX1148。測(cè)量的數(shù)據(jù)由單片機(jī)處理之后，可以通

2、過(guò)DM12864LCD液晶進(jìn)行顯示，可以通過(guò)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片L298N來(lái)控制電機(jī)的正反轉(zhuǎn)，從而控制集氣瓶的開(kāi)關(guān)來(lái)收集空氣。由于單片機(jī)本身IO口有限，通過(guò)擴(kuò)展一個(gè)具有I2C總線功能的PCF8574芯片實(shí)現(xiàn)IO口的擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)展后可以用鍵盤(pán)設(shè)定時(shí)間，單片機(jī)通過(guò)以太網(wǎng)控制器ENC28J60可以遠(yuǎn)程和終端的計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行通信，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)城市空氣質(zhì)量的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。同時(shí)，當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中斷或者擁擠的時(shí)候，系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)到的數(shù)據(jù)可以臨時(shí)存儲(chǔ)在PCF8570儲(chǔ)存芯片內(nèi)。本系統(tǒng)可以靈

3、活地部署在以太網(wǎng)絡(luò)的各個(gè)區(qū)域，形成完備的監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)空氣中各個(gè)重要指標(biāo)的監(jiān)測(cè)。關(guān)鍵詞：空氣質(zhì)量；實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)；以太網(wǎng)；遠(yuǎn)程通信II目錄第1章緒論緒論.............................................................................................................11.1研究空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)的背景及意義..................

4、..........................................11.2國(guó)內(nèi)外空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的研究狀況....................................................21.3本文研究?jī)?nèi)容............................................................................................5第2章

5、系統(tǒng)方案論證系統(tǒng)方案論證.............................................................................................62.1系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)要求及參數(shù)指標(biāo)........................................................................62.2總體方案選擇..................

6、..........................................................................6第3章系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì).....................................................................................93.1單片機(jī)外圍電路..............................

7、..........................................................93.2風(fēng)速監(jiān)測(cè)電路..........................................................................................113.3CO監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)理電路.................................................

8、...................................123.4大氣壓監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)理電路..............................................................................143.5濕度監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)理電路................................................................................

9、..153.6SO2監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)理電路....................................................................................173.7AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路............................................................................................193.8溫度監(jiān)測(cè)電路......

10、....................................................................................203.9外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)電路..................................................................................213.10按鍵電路...............................

11、.................................................................223.11時(shí)鐘芯片電路........................................................................................233.12LCD顯示電路..........................................

12、..............................................243.13單片機(jī)接口擴(kuò)展電路............................................................................253.14電機(jī)正反轉(zhuǎn)控制電路....................................................................

13、........263.15以太網(wǎng)接口電路....................................................................................283.16電源電路................................................................................................30第4章系統(tǒng)軟件

14、設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)...........................................................................................314.1系統(tǒng)主程序..............................................................................................314.2初始化子程序......

15、....................................................................................324.3讀取時(shí)間子程序......................................................................................324.4溫度檢測(cè)子程序..........................