[雙語翻譯]逆向物流外文翻譯--逆向物流在物流中心概念中的作用

1、2400 英文單詞， 英文單詞，13500 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 3900 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Kaynak R , ?pek Koço?lu, Ali Ekber Akgün. The Role of Reverse Logistics in the Concept of Logistics Centers[J]. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,

2、2014, 109(2):438-442.The Role of Reverse Logistics in the Concept of Logistics CentersRamazan Kaynak, ?pek Koço?lu, Ali Ekber AkgünAbstractPurpose- The purpose of this research is to identify the barriers faced

3、 in the adoption of reverse logistics (RL) and the respective overcoming schemas provided by the logistics centers (LCs). However the lack of awareness on the benefits of the RL both from economic and environment angles

4、is a major factor creating the resistance to complement the logistics activities with RL. Methodology- This study follows a literature research approach in investigating the intersecting and mutually constitutive aspect

5、s of LCs and RL and offers a theoretical systematic infrastructure for the firms to be encouraged in engaging with RL through the establishment of LCs.Findings- The consolidation of RL functions under the organized struc

6、ture of LC would provide a wide range of opportunities and benefits for the organizations. The five major aspects endowed by the construction of a logistics village and the inclusion of RL activities in this central orga

7、nizing, operational and administrative hub are; coordination and cooperation, centralization, consolidation, 3rd party RL collaboration and integration.Conclusion- Along with the opportunities, the barriers in front of t

8、he establishment of a RL system and the contribution of LCs in overcoming these challenges are discussed.Keywords: Logistics centers, reverse logistics, coordination, cooperation;1. IntroductionSupply chains are undergoi

9、ng radical transformations due to the mega-competition taking place on a global scale (Ravi and Shankar, 2005). Firms are finding that they must deal with a high level of uncertainty, which is not only technical in natur

10、e. It has been observed by companies that there is an increase in the flow of returns of the product due to product recalls, warranty returns, service returns, end-of-use returns, end-of-life returns, and so on (Ravi and

11、 Shankar, 2005). Overall, the value of returns is estimated to be around $43 billion per year, representing an average of 15%-20% of all goods sold (Genchev, 2009). With continuing pressures to reduce operating costs whi

12、le often incurring additional costs brought about by environmental restrictions, firms must be concerned with the costs of returning materials associated with the products that they deliver (Alshamrani et al., 2007).The

13、concept of RL has received growing attention in the last decades, due to competition and marketing motives, direct economic motives and concerns with the environment. With the legislative measures tightening up, there ar

14、e not many options left with the companies, but to go to RL practices. New organizational paradigms have been created as ecological and environmental issues play a more important role in cooperative strategies (Gonzalez-

15、Torre et al., 2004). A critical analysis of the challenges hindering RL activities, the opportunities for increased performance, cost reduction (for firms involved in LCs) and profit maximization (for 3rd party RL s

16、ervice providers) can develop and exploit the interaction of RL with logistics villages. transportation infrastructure defines it as; “the Integrator of various transportation types stimulating intermodal transportation”

17、 (Tsamboulas and Kapros, 2003). However in U.S.A., Japan, China, Singapore and some European countries LCs are interpreted as the business generators besides part of the transportation infrastructure. Yet, the concept of

18、 LC in reality should be the combination of the two approaches. Europlatforms – the association of the European freight villages (in Italy, France, Spain, Denmark, Germany, Portugal, Luxembourg, Greece, Poland)-developed

19、 the definition of LC as: ‘the hub of a specific area where all the activities relating to transport, logistics and goods distribution – both for national and international transit – are carried out, on a commercial basi

20、s, by various operators (Iannone et al., 2007).The LC represents an innovation posing challenges and opportunities for many operators involved in freight transport, logistics, manufacturing and trade, while particularly

21、offering to the local productive systems the best solutions in terms of transportation, warehousing and logistics activities (Iannone et al., 2007). The key functions in LCs identified to facilitate the RL chain are; (1)

22、 Coordination and Co-operation, (2) Centralization, (3) Consolidation, (4) 3rd Party Collaboration and (5) Integration.3. Logistics Center Opportunities in Reverse LogisticsStock et al. (2006, p. 16) best describes the s

23、trategic change taking place; “RL should not be viewed as a costly side-show to normal operations. Rather it should be seen as an opportunity to build competitive advantage” (Genchev, 2009). The consolidation of RL funct

24、ions under the organized structure of LC would provide a wide range of opportunities and benefits for the organizations.Coordination and Cooperation: It is an underlying assumption in distribution, logistics and supply c

25、hain management that a higher level of coordination between the actors is superior to a lower, and will in turn lead to increased performance. The empirical results indicate that well functioning coordination and coopera

26、tion mechanisms across flows decrease costs and increase the level of service.Centralization: The presence of LCs in the RL network creates a framework which allows firms to operate within a wide variety of geographical,

27、 economic and political context and turn into an effective network for multimodal transport services operating as the main leg of an international flow of goods.Consolidation: LCs are one of the urban freight infrastruct

28、ures designed to promote consolidated delivery, in harmony with the facilitation of logistics activities (Wisetjindawat, 2010).3rd Party Reverse Logistics Collaboration: The 3PLs providers have expertise and a broader vi

29、ew of how RL works because they work with multiple firms and industries. They can leverage their knowledge and software to benefit everyone. Typical services outsourced to 3PLs providers are transportation, warehousing,

30、inventory, value- added service, information services and reengineering of the supply chain (Du and Evans, 2008).Integration: Dowlatshahi (2000) argues that “from design through manufacture to consumer, firms should expl

31、ore and integrate RL as a viable business option in the product life cycle.” The integration of transport and logistics activities in a single facility is more economic and efficient than several smaller intermodal termi