簡介：中文捅匿中文摘要林業(yè)資源型城市是指國家行政管轄縣以上、林業(yè)經(jīng)濟占主導(dǎo)地位、林業(yè)人口占城市人D“分之一以上的城市，這種城市是伴隨著森林資源的不斷開發(fā)利用而逐步建立和形成的。伊春市素有“紅松故鄉(xiāng)”、“祖國林都”之稱，森林資源已經(jīng)成為其品牌性標志。它經(jīng)歷了“因林而立、因林而興、因林而衰”的過程，是我國典型的林業(yè)資源枯竭型城市。由于森林資源長期的過度采伐，導(dǎo)致伊春市目前可采林木資源已近枯竭，內(nèi)部四大矛盾凸顯，對林區(qū)經(jīng)濟活動和可持續(xù)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了影響。在這種背景下，本人在系統(tǒng)總結(jié)前人在資源性城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、生態(tài)功能區(qū)劃理論、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論、科斯產(chǎn)權(quán)理論和制度變遷理論為指導(dǎo)，通過借鑒國內(nèi)外資源型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的成功經(jīng)驗，然后運用SWOT分析法模型，揭示了伊春市作為典型的資源枯竭型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的必要性和重要性，為伊春市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型出謀劃策。本文的研究重點是對伊春市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的SWOT模型分析以及提出其經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的對策和措施。通過對伊春市的現(xiàn)狀和經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的優(yōu)勢、劣勢、機遇和挑戰(zhàn)分析，以及結(jié)合其他學(xué)者的研究成果，提出了伊春市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型應(yīng)從四個方面入手，即選擇合宜的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型模式，加快推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整；加強國家對林業(yè)資源型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的政策扶持；認真實施林業(yè)資源型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的林權(quán)制度改革；加強生態(tài)功能區(qū)建設(shè)，全面提升生態(tài)建設(shè)水平。林業(yè)資源型城市的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型問題是一個復(fù)雜性、系統(tǒng)性工程，要正確處理好森林資源生長量與采伐量之間的關(guān)系，永續(xù)利用森林資源，走出一條具有自身特色的可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路。關(guān)鍵詞經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型；資源型城市；SWOT模型；林權(quán)改革．黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTFORESTRYRESOURCESCITYREFERSTOTHECITY,WHICHABOVESTHECOUNTYLEVEL，F(xiàn)ORESTRYECONOMYTAKESDOMINANTPLACE，CITYFORESTRYPOPULATIONACCOUNTSFORMORETHAN1／3OFTHEPOPULATIONOFTHISCITY,THISKINDOFCITYISESTABLISHEDANDFORMEDBYTHECONTINUOUSDEVELOPMENTANDUTILIZATIONOFFORESTRESOURCES．YICHUNCITYISKNOWNAS‘‘THEHOMETOWNOFKOREANPINE”，‘THEFORESTCAPITALOFCHINA”，THEFORESTRESOURCESHAVEBECOMESYMBOLSOFITSBRAND．ITHASGONETHROUGHTHEPROCESSOF“STAND、BOOM、DECLINEDUETOTHERESOURCES‘OFFOREST”，WHICHISONEOFTHETYPICALOFFORESTRYRESOURCE。EXHAUSTEDCITIESINCHINA．BECAUSEOFLONGTERMEXCESSIVELOGGING，THEEFFECTIVEFORESTRESOURCESINYICHUNCITYARENEARLYEXHAUSTED，F(xiàn)OURINTERNALCONTRADICTIONSHIGHLIGHT，WHICHINFLUENCEECONOMICACTIVITYANDSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTOFFORESTZONE．INTHISCONTEXT，ONTHEBASISOFSUMMARIZETHERESEARCHRESULTOFPREDECESSORINRESOURCESCITYECONOMICTRANSITION，BYTHETHEORYOFSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT,ECOLOGICALFUNCTIONREGIONALIZATIONOFECOLOGICALECONOMICSTHEORY,THEORYOFINSTITUTIONALCHANGEANDCOASETHEORYASGUIDANCE，THROUGHDRAWINGLESSONSFROMTHEDOMESTICANDFOREIGNECONOMICTRANSFORMATIONOFRESOURCEBASEDCITY’SSUCCESSFULEXPERIENCE，ANDTHENUSESWOTANALYSISMODEL，REVEALSYICHUNCITYASATYPICALOFFORESTRYRESOURCEEXHAUSTEDCITY,THENECESSITYANDIMPORTANCEOFITSECONOMICTRANSFORMATION，GIVEADVICEANDSUGGESTIONSFORTHEECONOMICTRANSFORMATIONOFYICHUNCI夠THEEMPHASISOFTHESTUDYARETHESWOTMODELANALYSISOFECONOMICTRANSFORMATIONINYICHUNCITY,PUTSFORWARDITSECONOMICTRANSITIONCOUNTERMEASUREANDMEASURE．BASEDONTHEANALYSISOFCURRENTSITUATIONINYICHUNCITY,THEADVANTAGES、II

簡介：本文研究了異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)集成的相關(guān)理論和技術(shù)，結(jié)合XML技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢，提出了一種基于XML文檔的通用數(shù)據(jù)交換方法，解決了數(shù)字林業(yè)技術(shù)中關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)間的異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)的信息交換問題。即在JAVA環(huán)境下，借助于JDBC、DOMAPI等技術(shù)，在兩個數(shù)據(jù)庫之間以XML作為媒介，實現(xiàn)對現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問。先規(guī)定數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)和XML文檔之間的映射關(guān)系，并將訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的結(jié)果生成DOM對象樹，經(jīng)過轉(zhuǎn)換成和目標數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)相同的文檔后，再將XML文檔轉(zhuǎn)移到目的數(shù)據(jù)庫，從而實現(xiàn)了SQLSERVER2000和ACLE10G之間的數(shù)據(jù)交換?；谏鲜鏊枷?，進一步實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)庫模式的邏輯備份，即數(shù)據(jù)的導(dǎo)入和導(dǎo)出處理。首先通過ACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù)字典讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫的定義，包括模式、表、字段、主鍵和外鍵等的信息，然后讀取表中所存儲的數(shù)據(jù)，分別寫入XML文檔，利用這些XML文檔可以實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫的恢復(fù)工作。最后，在XML文檔的存儲和傳輸應(yīng)用中，XML的安全性問題已逐漸成為目前研究的熱點，針對該問題，介紹了XML的安全標準，提出了利用現(xiàn)有的DES加密算法對XML進行數(shù)據(jù)加密的解決方案，解決了數(shù)字林業(yè)中XML的安全問題。整個研究的設(shè)計立足于通用、靈活、易于使用、可移植并且可擴展。經(jīng)實驗驗證，該機制具有通用性，適應(yīng)廣泛。

簡介：2016屆碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生學(xué)位論文屆碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生學(xué)位論文分類號F32學(xué)校代碼10446密級公開學(xué)號2014300403論文題目論文題目鄒城與微山林業(yè)有害生物防治現(xiàn)狀與對策研究鄒城與微山林業(yè)有害生物防治現(xiàn)狀與對策研究院系系生命科學(xué)學(xué)院生命科學(xué)學(xué)院______________專業(yè)學(xué)位類別專業(yè)學(xué)位類別農(nóng)業(yè)碩士農(nóng)業(yè)碩士__________________專業(yè)學(xué)位領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)學(xué)位領(lǐng)域農(nóng)業(yè)科技組織與服務(wù)農(nóng)業(yè)科技組織與服務(wù)______論文指導(dǎo)教師論文指導(dǎo)教師楊月偉楊月偉教授教授____________論文作者者劉霰霰劉霰霰__________________2016年6月學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所提交的學(xué)位論文是本人在曲阜師范大學(xué)攻讀碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位期間，在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進行的研究工作和取得的研究成果。除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含其他個人（或集體）已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。其他個人和集體對本研究所做的貢獻均已在論文中作了聲明并表示了謝意。作者簽名日期學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)聲明學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)聲明研究生在校攻讀學(xué)位期間論文工作的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)單位屬曲阜師范大學(xué)。學(xué)校有權(quán)保存本學(xué)位論文的電子和紙質(zhì)文檔，可以借閱或上網(wǎng)公布本學(xué)位論文的部分或全部內(nèi)容，可以采用影印、復(fù)印等手段保存、匯編本學(xué)位論文。學(xué)?？梢韵驀矣嘘P(guān)機關(guān)或機構(gòu)送交論文的電子和紙質(zhì)文檔，允許論文被查閱和借閱。（保密論文在解密后遵守此規(guī)定）保密論文注釋本學(xué)位論文屬于保密論文，保密期限為年。導(dǎo)師簽名作者簽名日期日期

簡介：學(xué)校代碼10225學(xué)號05228學(xué)位論文林業(yè)局級數(shù)字化森林資源信息管理}指導(dǎo)教師姓名申請學(xué)位級別論文提交日期授予學(xué)位單位李林輝王霓虹教授東北林業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)科專業(yè)計算機應(yīng)用技術(shù)2005年05月論文答辯日期2005年06月東北林業(yè)大學(xué)授予學(xué)位日期答辯委員會主席論文評閱人東J參櫛蒜大學(xué)采L型；考、阜癤P刃壘冀公菇．東北林業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTTHEFORESTRESOURCEISMATERIALBASEOFFORESTRYPRODUCTION；THEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTOFFORESTRESOURCEISABASICMANAGEMENTOFTHEFORESTRY．INORDERTOMANAGETHEFORESTRESOURCEBETTER,ITISNECESSARYTHATWESET印AFORESTRESOURCEMANAGEMENTINFORMATIONSYSTEM．THESYSTEMINCLUDESPROCESSING，SEARCHING，ANALYZING，EXPRESSINGOFSPATIALINFORMATIONANDATTRIBUTEINFORMATION．ITCANMAKEALLKINDSOFTHEMATICMAPSQUICKLYANDCURRENTLY,PROCESSSPATIALANALYSES，OFFERAIDDECISIONINFORMATIONFORMANAGINGAPOLIEYMAKERINTIME．APERFECTFORESTRESOURCEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMWILLIMPROVETHEMODERNIZEDLEVELOFFORESTRESOURCEMANAGEMENT．THEOBJECTTHATWESTUDYISFORESTDRAWINGANDFORESTRESOURCEDATAOFLANGXIANGFORESTRYBUREAUANDXIAOBAIFORESTRYFARM．WEREALIZETHEVECTOROFTHESCANPICTUREWITHTHESOFTWARER2V．BASEDONSYSTEMSOFTWAREOFGEOGRAPHICALINFORMATION，ITISFORMEDTHATTHESPATIALDATABASEOFFORESTRESOURCETHROUGHSCANVECTOR,FIGUREEDITOR,ERRORCORRECTION．PROJECTING；WEUSETHEKEYWORDFIELDTOCONNECTCLASSIIFORESTRESOURCEATTRIBUTEDATAWITHTHESPATIALFORESTDATABASE；WEUSEDATAOFXIAOBAIFORESTRYTOANALYZEDISTRIBUTESTRUCTURECHARACTERISTICOFTHEFORESTRESOURCE，CREATEDEMMODELWITHCONTOURLINEJONTHISBASISOFDEM，WECANCREATETHESLOPE，ASPECT，HILLSHADEMODELETC．，WITHTHEDATAWEANALYZEFORESTGROWSPACEENVIRONMENT．ACCORDINGTOTHEMETHODSOFINFORMATIONSCIENCEANDSYSTEMENGINEERING,WITHPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEVISUALBASIC6。0，USINGBASEDOFFACTIVEXGISPACKAGEMAPOBJECTS，WESETUPFORESTRESOLLRCEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMOFLANGXIANGFORESTRYBUREAU．THESYSTEMREALIZESTHEVISUALMANAGEMENTOFFORESTRESOURCE；ITCANCARRYONTHEINQUIRY,EDITINGCOUNT，MAKINGMAPS，SPATIALANALYSISOFFORESTRESOURCEINFORMATION，DISPLAYINGMANYKINDSDATAFORMATS，UPDATINGATTRIBUTEANDGRAPHICDATAATONETIME．THISSYSTEMISFOUNDEDBASEDONTHEORYANDCHARACTERISTICOFGEOGRAPHICALINFORMATIONSYSTEM，ITCHANGESTHETRADITIONALFORESTRESOO．RCEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTMODE，THESYSTEMFULLYUTILIZESTHEHISTORICALMATERIALSOFTHEFORESTRESOURCEDATA，IMPROVESTHEEFFICIENCYOFTHEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENTOFFORESTRESERVESANDENGINEERINGLEVELANDREALIZESTHEAUTOMATIONMANAGEMENTONFORESTRESOURCEINFORMATION，THEDATAMANAGEMENTWASINDEPENDENCEANDSTATICFORMERLY,NOWTHESYSTEMCANMANAGERESOURCEINFORMATIONWITHGISCHARACTERISTICSYNTHETICALLY,REALIZEANALYSISOFDIVERSIFIEDFORESTRESERVESINFORMATIONANDCOMPREHENSIVEUTILIZATION，THESYSTEMHASSOLVEDTHEACTUALNEEDOFFORESTRY’SBUREAU．ITOFFERSAPLATFO腫TOTHEFORESTRY‘SINFORMATIONBUILDANDFORESTRESOURCEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENT．KEYWORDSFORESTRESOURCEINFORMATIONMANAGEMENT；GIS；COMGIS．II．

簡介：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文基于二類清查林業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)倉庫的建立姓名劉慶連申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)森林經(jīng)理學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師寧正元陳平留20060401THEBUILDINGOFFORESTDATAWAREHOUSEBASEDOHSURVEYDATAABSTRAETWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOF“DIGITALFOREST”，PEOPLEHAVEACQUIREDAGREATDEALOFDATUMABOUTFORESTRYRESOURCESCURRENTLYITHASBECOMEAPROBLEMABOUTHOWTOOBTAINUSEFULINFORMATIONANDKNOWLEDGEFROMTHOSEDATAANDHOWTOSERVEWELLTOTHEFORESTMANAGEMENTDATAWAREHOUSEANDDATAMININGCANEXTRACTINFORMATIONFROMDATUMANDTHENINSTRUCTFORESTPRODUCTIONACCORDINGTOTHEFORESTRYGOVERNORSDEMAND，THISPAPERANALYZEDTHECHARACTERISTICSOFINVESTIGATEDFORESTRYINFORMATIONANDDESIGNEDTHEFORESTRYDATAWAREHOUSEBYUSINGCONCEPTMODEL，LOGICMODELANDPHYSICALMODELINTHECONCEPTMODELDESIGNING，THISPAPERANALYZEDTHEMANAGER’SREQUIREMENTANDSEQUENTIALLYMADEINFORMATIONPACKETSTHISPAPERALSOUSEDOLAPTODESIGNLOGICMODELANDOBTAINEDDUALGRANULARITYRAIDREDUNDANTARRAYOFINEXPENSIVEDISKANDBITMAPINDEXAREALSOUSEDTOOPTIMIZETHESYSTEMINPHYSICALMODELDESIGN，SITEQUALITYEVALUATIONMODELANDPREDICTEDFIRSTORAGEMODELINFUJIANARCPRESENTEDINTHEDATAMININGROUGHSETTHEORYWASUSEDINSITEQUALITYEVALUATION，WITHTHESIGNIFICANCESOFATTRIBUTIONBEINGUSEDASFACTOROFWEIGHTEVALUATIONWEAPPLIEDTHETOTALSCORCPRINCIPLETOSPECIFYDIFFERENTAPPRAISALSTANDARDSINORDERTOSOLVETHEPROBLEMOFSLOWSPEEDWHENBPNEURALNETWORKISGAININGKNOWLEDGEINLARGESAMPLE，THEMODELOFFIRSTORAGEINFUJIANWASDESIGNEDWITLLFUZZYNEURALNETWORKMETHODANDWEREPROGRAMMEDINTHREEBPALGORITHMSUCHASBAYESIANREGULARIZATIONMETHOD、GRADIENTDESCENT、ⅣITLLMOMENTUMALGORITHMANDLEVENBERGMARQUARDTOPTIMIZATIONALGORITHMBYMATLABSOITCANSELECTPARTIALSAMPLEFROMTHEORIGINALSAMPLESASNEWSAMPLESFORSTUDYTHISMODELCONSISTSOFTREEHEIGHTINDEX，DIAMETERANDDENSITYAFTERMANYEXPERIMENTSANDCOMPARISONS，BAYESIANREGULARIZATIONMETHODISCORTFMNEDASTHEMODELFORFIRSTORAGEOFPREDICTIONINFUJIANPROVINCE，WITH15ASTHENODEINMIDDLETRANSPARENTLAYERATLASTTHISPAPERPROPOSEDTHESTRUCTUREOFFORESTDATAWAREHOUSEBASEDON

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簡介：林業(yè)數(shù)字參考咨詢系統(tǒng)的研究與實現(xiàn)林業(yè)數(shù)字參考咨詢系統(tǒng)的研究與實現(xiàn)周樹琴周樹琴20072007屆碩士碩士中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院學(xué)位論文林業(yè)數(shù)字參考咨詢系統(tǒng)的研究與實現(xiàn)中國北京學(xué)位論文作者周樹琴指導(dǎo)教師姓名王忠明研究員申請學(xué)位級別碩士學(xué)位專業(yè)名稱森林經(jīng)理學(xué)研究方向網(wǎng)絡(luò)和信息資源共享論文答辯日期2010年6月

簡介：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文全面建設(shè)小康社會時期林業(yè)生態(tài)建設(shè)問題研究姓名馬明申請學(xué)位級別博士專業(yè)林業(yè)經(jīng)濟管理指導(dǎo)教師黃清20060601東北林業(yè)大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文措施就是大力發(fā)展非公有制林業(yè)，充分調(diào)動全社會的力量支持、參與林業(yè)建設(shè)，對林業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展將起到積極的推動作用。非公有制林業(yè)的發(fā)展，受益者遠不止經(jīng)營者本身和林業(yè)部門。本文通過對非公有制林業(yè)發(fā)展問題的研究，探討解決我蚓林業(yè)生態(tài)建設(shè)的一些深層次的問題。、全面建設(shè)小康社會的重點、難點在農(nóng)村，沒有農(nóng)村的小康就沒有我國的全面小康。我國林業(yè)在很大程度上是農(nóng)民的林業(yè)，農(nóng)民是林業(yè)建設(shè)的主力軍，而農(nóng)民的林業(yè)往往是落后地區(qū)的林業(yè)，同時又是生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱地區(qū)的林業(yè)。建設(shè)社會主義新林區(qū)是新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的重要組成部分，應(yīng)把新林區(qū)建設(shè)納入新農(nóng)村建設(shè)范疇。農(nóng)、№存在“三農(nóng)”問題，林區(qū)也存在林區(qū)、林農(nóng)和林工“三林”問題，“三林”問題并不比“三農(nóng)”問題少。林業(yè)問題關(guān)系著新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。森林是農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村的生態(tài)屏障，森林～旦被破壞，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)沒有保障，農(nóng)民生活質(zhì)量就會下降，農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展也不能持久。建設(shè)社會主義新林區(qū)是我國現(xiàn)代化進程中的重大歷史任務(wù)。本文通過對建設(shè)社會主義新林區(qū)的林業(yè)生態(tài)問題研究，為我國的新林區(qū)建設(shè)和林業(yè)生態(tài)建設(shè)提供幫助。關(guān)鍵詞林業(yè)生態(tài)建設(shè)；“綠色GDP”；生態(tài)效益補償；非公有制林業(yè)；社會主義新林區(qū)II

簡介：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文基于GIS的湯旺河林業(yè)局森林資源動態(tài)分析姓名張怡春申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)森林經(jīng)理指導(dǎo)教師郎奎健20060601ABSTRACTINTHISSNJDYMEFORESTDIS劬UTIONM印SOFL968AILD2004ITLMEL抽GWAN曲EBWEAUOF，F(xiàn)ORES缸Y，HEILON萄IAILGPRO、，IILCEWERESTILDIEDASMAINDATABASE，COMBIILEDWITHTHENATURAL帆Y鋤DM趾AGEMEMHISTORYOF幽E盯EASTILDIED，、ⅣITHTTLEGISASTECHILICALSUPPON，TTIEGEOGRAPHJCDA協(xié)BASEOF山EFORESTRESOURCESIN1968AND2004WASES詛BLISHEDAFLDMEMG砌REC哪NCEOFMETⅥ，OSTAGESOFFORESTRESOURCESWASREALIZED．THESTMCTTLMLCHANGESOFFORCSTRESOURCESWASOBTAINCD吐啪U曲MEAILALYSISOFMEV撕ATIONSOFQUAIL血IES，卯ESANDSPACEDIS拓IB塒ONSOFFO搬|TSANDFORESTLAILDSRESOURCES，缸也EHNORE，吐LEVARIATIONS0FLANDSCAPEPA札EMSCAUSEDBY也EVAIIATIOILSOFFBRCSTRESOURCES蚰MCTILRESWEREREVEALEDBASEDON廿LEANALYSISOFLANDSC印ES訂UCTUIES．1‰U曲THEINTE鏟ATION“DEMANDPRCSENTST秈OFLAILDSC印E，THERELADONSMPBE“VEENFORESTRESOURCES柚DECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTWASRENECTEDMOREOBJECTIVELY．THESTILDYWASCONDUCTED矗DMTHEFOLLO麗NGASPECTS1．NEQLLALI哪QUANTITYALLDSPACEDIS仃IBUTIONSIM砒IONOFTLLEF0瞅TRESOURCESI11THEBUREAUIN1968鋤D2004WETEMADECLEARLY，也EDATABASEI11TE擎ATEDWI血也EAT晡BUTEANDSPACEDATAOF細ESTRESOURCESWASESTABLISHED，GISOFTWOSTAGESWASFONNED，MCDIG蹦RECO咖CTIONOFFORESTDISTRIBUTIONWASREALIZED．INT11IS40YEARS，THESTUDYSHOWEDTLLAT舭AREASOFFORESTL柚DAILDSLLNLBBERYLAILDINCREASED，TILEFORESTCOVERRATE鋤DLANDUSECAPABIL時INCREASED，AREASOFART訪CIALFORESTINCREASEDMUCH，THCSⅡUCTUREOFFORESTCATEGORYWASIMPROVED．THEAMO吼TOF昏OWINGSTOCKDECRE嬲EDMUC也MEAGE伊OUPANDDENSITYSTMCTILREOFFORESTSTAⅡDWASOFSEVEREMALADJ咖ENT，幽E枷。吼TOFGROWMINCREASEDLMLE．MEAILWHILE，MEAREASOFL鋤DWITHOUTFORESTINCREASED姐DITSDIS缸B嘶ONEXTENDED．2Q刪TA_TIVEDEPICTSANDQUAI址岫VEANALYSISFORTBESPACEDISTRIBUTIONANDTRA工1SFONNATIONOFFORESTRESOURCESINTLLEAREADLLRINGNEADY40YCARS、VEREPERFONILED．DUETOLONGPERIODNENSIVEAILDEXCESSIVEFCLLIⅡG，MEINILERSHUCTUREOFFORESTWASDESTROYEDSCVERELYTHOUGHNOWADA【YS廿1EFORCEOFRESOURCEMALLAGEMENTARLDREFORESTATIONWASTI曲TEN，讓LEFORESTAREASI11CREASED，ITWASSTILLU瑪EDTOIIILPROVETHE鋤OUNTOFGROWILLGSTOCK，F(xiàn)ORCSTST】．UCTURE柚DAGEGROLLPSS扛1LCTURE、VITLLSCIE而FICMETLLODSANDE虢CTIVEMEASURES．3THEVARIATIONSOFFORESTLANDSCAPESTRILCTUREWERECOMPAREDANDANALYZEDBASEDONTHCMETHODSOFL鋤DSC印EEC0109Y．QU柚廿TATIVEAILALYSISWASPERFO珊EDFORTHESPACECHARACTERSINMESTAGESOF1968AND2004ATⅡLE唧ECTOFLANDSCAPEECOLO肼ME衄1SFO咖ATIONPROBABILITYWASCO藍RNLEDFORALLL【INDSOFLANDSCAPE帥ES．111ERCSUHSINDICATEDTHATLANDSCAPETYPESINCREASED，TLLEQU姐T畸OFPATCHDECRE{撼ED，NLEAVEMGEAREAOFPATCHIⅡCREASED，T11EPROPONIONOFNC甜MATUFEFOREST，MATUREFBRESTANDOVE砌ATUREDFORESTI11THELAILDSCADEDECREASED，THEPROPONIONOFCOLLIFEROUSFORESTANDVALUABLEBROADLEAFBMAD．1EAVEDFORESTIFLCREASED，THEDATCH．II．

簡介：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文林業(yè)有害植物飛機草入侵的生態(tài)機理研究姓名陳華峰申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)植物學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師祖元剛王文杰20060601摘要長為主的V生活史型。如飛機草處于F生境，合成的拮抗物質(zhì)ANTAGONISTICSTRESSSUBSTANCEA物質(zhì)，如生物堿、單寧等次級代謝產(chǎn)物，主要用于保護自身抵抗干旱、高溫等不良環(huán)境，故形成以無性生殖為主的C生活史型。如飛機草處于D生境，合成的促繁物質(zhì)PROPAGATIONPROMOTINGSUBSTANCE一一P物質(zhì)，如黃酮、GA等，主要用于植物細胞減數(shù)分裂以產(chǎn)生大量種子，故形成以有性生殖為主的S生活史型。6飛機草花粉和柱頭的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，如花粉具刺狀紋飾和花柱密集皺褶，使得飛機草傳粉授精成功的機率大增，因而產(chǎn)生大量果實。而且飛機草種子成熟季節(jié)恰值干燥多風(fēng)的旱季，短暫的成熟期、較輕的果實千粒重為0164曲、帶有冠毛這些適合風(fēng)傳播的特征，都促進了飛機草的快速傳播蔓延。由于飛機草種子輕且具冠毛，其近距離傳播主要靠風(fēng)力和水流，飛機草種子的傳播距離隨著風(fēng)速的增大而增大，2～3級風(fēng)下可傳播1622M，當達到4級風(fēng)時，傳播距離可達到25M。飛機草種子可沿輸水灌溉渠、排水溝及湖面等傳播，調(diào)查結(jié)果表明，種子密度可達2～8個／100CM2。中距離傳播主要靠人畜及農(nóng)用車系統(tǒng)的攜帶，而遠距離的傳播主要依賴于公路網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的大型機動車系統(tǒng)，發(fā)達的道路網(wǎng)及大型交通工具是遠距離傳播的主要途徑。大規(guī)模的土壤一次性破壞，又為飛機草種子快速與土壤表面結(jié)合奠定了基礎(chǔ)。7在不同道路條件下，飛機草選擇不同的生活史型。高速公路旁土壤裸露度較低，僅為3％，飛機草種子很難與土壤接觸，從而導(dǎo)致種子密度及幼苗密度也較低，僅為6個／100CM2和15株／M2，但飛機草個體高大，達到3～5M，飛機草生活史型屬于V型。省、縣級公路旁飛機草數(shù)量較少且個體生長不良，僅為367株／M2，但土壤裸露度逐漸增加，從50％增加到90％，種子密度及幼苗密度也逐漸增大，范圍分別為2756125個／100CM2和553767株／M2，生活史型屬于S型與C型之間的過渡類型，即SC型。鄉(xiāng)級公路旁土壤經(jīng)常被牲畜踐踏，土壤孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生一定的破壞，造成土壤緊實度較高，由于土壤裸露度較大，在1466％～8666％之間，鄉(xiāng)級公路飛機草個體數(shù)量較大116735株／M2，種子密度也較高2833～30個，100CM2，因此，飛機草在鄉(xiāng)級公路旁呈線狀單優(yōu)分布，生活史型屬于S型，又由于土壤緊實度較高，有向C型過渡趨勢。村路旁土壤裸露度均較大，在50％R60％之間，最大可達90％，且土壤較疏松，表層土壤緊實度較低。因此，村路旁飛機草個體數(shù)量較大1167～3767株／M2，種子密度也較高2833“125個／100CM2，飛機草在村路呈集中帶狀或團狀分布，形成單優(yōu)群落，生活史型屬于S型。8生境類型不同，飛機草完成生活史的對策也不同，這是飛機草形成不同生活史型的前提條件。采用生境劃分法和形態(tài)性狀主成分分析法對飛機草生活史型劃分的結(jié)果表明土丘生境有利于飛機草的生長發(fā)育，飛機草選擇了以營養(yǎng)生長為主的V生活史型，最大程度地擴展地上空間占據(jù)環(huán)境。路邊生境、林下生境有類似土丘生境的發(fā)育特點，為VS型，有向S型過渡的趨勢。而撂荒地生境最不利于飛機革生長的環(huán)境，在這樣的環(huán)境下，飛機草以犧牲營養(yǎng)體為代價，盡可能地產(chǎn)生最多的種子以