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1、湘潭大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文近代歐洲民族主義的形成及其特點(diǎn)姓名：張寶梅申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專(zhuān)業(yè)：世界史指導(dǎo)教師：趙立坤20080516IIAbstractNationalismisatypeofpoliticalthoughtsappearedsincemoderntimes.Itfirstiginatedfromthe17thcenturyBritainthenspreadtoEuropeAmericacoverseverystatein20t

2、hcentury.Nationalismisthecompanionofnationstates.Themodernnationalismappearedduringtheprocessofbuildingnationstates.Everystatehasitsownnationalismitsownhistyofnationalism.Differentstatesfmdifferentnationalismsduringthepr

3、ocessofbuilding.InthefmingprocessofthemodernwesternnationstatesBritainFranceGermanyarethemosttypical.Britainisthefirstiginofthemodernnationalismaswellastheearlieststatetostartthebourgeoisrevolutiontaketheroadofindustrial

4、izationmodernization.Britaincompletedprimarilythenationalunionismunderthecircumstanceofthealignmentofcitizenclasskingshipsetupautocraticmonarchystate.Inthisprocesskingshipbecameacrucialfactwhichbecamethesymbolofbuildingu

5、ptheunionismofnationstate.thebourgeoisrevolutionendedin17thcenturydroveBritaintochangegraduallyfromfeudalabsolutemonarchystatetomodernnationstate.SincethenBritainhasbecomeabourgeoisstateofconstitutionalconventionBritishn

6、ationalismthusappeared.Itsfeaturesisitstypicaldisplayoftheinspirationtothenationalconsciousnessoftheconsolidatemarketfmedbythecapitalistcommodityeconomythecommonadvantages.Itspoliticalthoughtdisplayedbrilliantliberalismf

7、eatureemphasizinginbnhumanrightswiththeceofthepropertyrightinquiringfreedomruleoflaw.InFrancenationalismwksasdemocracy.Franceestablishedautocraticmonarchycentralizationcountryin15thcentury.Howeverthestateundertheruleofau

8、tocratickingshipwasnotyetmodernnationstate.AsthedevelopmentofthecapitalismfeudalautocraticmonarchyshoweddeepcrisisleadingthebirthoftheEnlightenment.Frenchenlightenmentthinkerscombinedopposingfeudalautocratickingshipwithf

9、ightingf“democracy”“republicanism”thethoughtsofpatriotismnationlovingwhichbecomestheoutstingfeatureofthenationalismthey.RousseaulaidthetheyfoundationoftheFrancedemocraticnationalism.FrenchRevolutionestablishedmodernnatio

10、nstatebydemolishingfeudalautocraticmonarchythuspromotedthefinalestablishmentofmodernwestEuropenationalism.InGermanythedivisionindleageautocracymadetheGermanynationalism.CulturalnationalismrealizedtheunificationofGermanyc

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