外文翻譯---澆注系統(tǒng)形式和澆口的設(shè)計(jì)

1、<p><b>　　英文翻譯</b></p><p>　　Gating system design forms and gate</p><p>　　A. mainstream design </p><p>　　1. Mainstream Road Size </p><p>　　Road end and m

2、ainstream is in contact with the nozzle injection machine, and the other end of shunt connected with the taper section of the mobile channel. Road mainstream Xiaoduan size of 3.5 ~ 4 mm. </p><p>　　2. Hub in

3、the form of mainstream Road </p><p>　　Road entrance to the mainstream Xiaoduan and repeated contact with the nozzle injection machine, is a consumable, more stringent requirements of the material, thus, part

4、 of the mainstream mold often designed as a removable sleeve, the replacement of the mainstream form (commonly known as the gate sets, said here Jack Tsui), in order to effectively separate the selection of high-quality

5、steel processing and heat treatment. Jack Tsui are standard parts, just to buy on the line. Common jack Tsui in</p><p>　　3. Mainstream, the fixed hub </p><p>　　Because the use of a child care ja

6、ck Tsui, using circle with a fixed location in the mold of the panel. Setting circles are also standard parts, the diameter of Φ120 mm, diameter Φ35 mm. Specific institutional form as shown below: </p><p>　　

7、B. shunt design </p><p>　　In multi-cavity or multi-cavity gate (plastic pieces of large size) should be set up triage Road, shunt is the mainstream, with the gate between the end of this section of the plast

8、ic melt flow channel. It is pouring in molten state system of plastic into the cavity from the mainstream Road, through the cross-sectional area and the changes in the flow of transformation for the smooth transition of

9、the flow pattern. Therefore, should be designed to divert the pressure to meet a good transfer and </p><p>　　1. Main shunt the shape and size </p><p>　　Road map is the main streaming (6) in the

10、intake level of under-flow. </p><p>　　In order to facilitate the processing and condensate expected Stripping, shunt installed in most of sub-surface, the shunt is generally circular cross section trapezoida

11、l shape of U-shaped semi-circular and rectangular, engineering design often used trapezoidal cross-section processing technology is good, and the plastic melting The loss of heat flow resistance are not large, generally

12、using the following formula to determine their experience section size: </p><p>　　Type B-ladder in the bottom edge of the width (mm) </p><p>　　m-weight plastic parts (g) </p><p>　　

13、L-segregation, the length (mm) </p><p>　　H-ladder height (mm) </p><p>　　The bevel side of a ladder often take 50-150, in the application of (-1) should pay attention to its scope of application,

14、 that is, plastic parts in the thickness of 3.2 mm below the weight of less than 200 g, and the results in the range 3.2-9.5 mm The only reasonable. </p><p>　　The electrical insulation for the volume of plas

15、tic-3221.7324 mm3, the quality of about 4 g, the length of segregation, is expected to design a 140 mm long, and there are four cavity, so: </p><p>　　From B to 8 mm </p><p>　　From H to 5 mm <

16、/p><p>　　Small trapezoidal bottom width from 6 mm, and its side perpendicular to the surface at the direction of about 100 percent. In addition the use of the outlet plate (that is, we are talking about the tem

17、plates and the middle of the plate with a plate between), the shunt must be made trapezoidal cross-section, for diversion, and mainstream Liu Ning Road Stripping. </p><p>　　Actual real-time processing, commo

18、nly used cross-section the size of two trapezoidal channel, a large model, a small model. As shown below: </p><p>　　2. Length of the main shunt </p><p>　　Shunt to as short as possible, and less

19、bending, injection molding process for the most economic use of raw materials and the injection of energy consumption, reduce the pressure loss and heat loss. Road will be diverted straight into the design, the chief of

20、140 mm. </p><p>　　3. The design of shunt </p><p>　　Road diversion of the main streaming of the two territories, following the flow shape </p><p>　　Deputy shunt in the vertical direc

21、tion of the flow on the taper of the taper for unilateralism, 20, the very bottom diameter of φ6 mm, the level of the direction of flow from top to bottom two floors of the diameter of φ4 mm, these values are based on ex

22、perience, the total length of 38.15mm. </p><p>　　4. Shunt the surface roughness </p><p>　　As shunt in contact with the outer layer of plastic mold rapid cooling, only the center of the plastic m

23、elt flow better, because of segregation, the inner surface roughness Ra does not require very low, generally from about 1.6 μ m can, This is not just the surface smooth and help melt the plastic outer cortex fixed coolin

24、g, and the center of the melt between the poor have a certain speed, to ensure that the melt flow is appropriate when the shear rate and shear heat . </p><p>　　Actual processing, milling machines used to flo

25、w Milling Road, less for the province to die, saved processing texture on the trip. (Province Die: manufacturing mold a very important process, generally equipped with a professional women die province, with grinding mac

26、hine, sand paper, Whetstone, such as grinding tools will mold cavity surface polished, Moliang, lower cavity surface roughness Degrees.) </p><p>　　5. Shunt layout form </p><p>　　Shunt at the sur

27、face of the arrangement and the foregoing cavity are closely related to a variety of different forms of layout, but should follow two principles: that is, on the one hand with tight, narrow plate-size mold the other proc

28、esses The shortest possible, the clamping force to balance. </p><p>　　The flow of the mold form a balanced layout </p><p>　　C. Gate Design </p><p>　　Gate, also known as the feed mou

29、th, is connected with the cavity of the Road diversion channel, in addition to direct gate, it was pouring system in the cross-section of the smallest part, but it is a key part of gating system, gate location, shape and

30、 size Plastic pieces of performance and quality of great. </p><p>　　1. Selection of gate </p><p>　　Gate can be divided into restrictive and non-restrictive gate two. We will adopt restrictive ga

31、te. On the one hand through the gate of restrictive cross-sectional area of the sudden change to shunt the transmission to produce plastic melt flow rate of acceleration, improve the shear rate, making it ideal state of

32、the movement, full of rapid-balanced cavity, another Improve plastics melt into the cavity when the flow characteristics, adjusting gate size, will enable multi-cavity at the same time </p><p>　　We use the s

33、ide gate. Gate also known as the edge of the side gate, the gate abroad as the standard. Side gate open in the general classification level, the plastic melts in the cavity filling-side, the rectangular cross-section sha

34、pe for more than slit, to adjust its cross-section of the thickness and width adjustment can melt injection at the shear rate and Gate closing time. This lamp gate processing easy, convenient dressing and plastic parts c

35、an shape features the flexibility to choose the </p><p>　　The specific to mold, form and size of its gate gate sizes are from all parts of the experience of value. </p><p>　　2. Gate location of

36、choice </p><p>　　Die design, location and size of gate of the more stringent requirements, a preliminary test mode after the gate size needed further changes, no matter what the gate, opened its location on

37、the plastic parts molding great impact on the quality and performance, pouring a reasonable choice I opened the location is an important link in improving quality, the location of different gate at the same time also aff

38、ected die structure. In short to make plastic parts with a good performance and appearance</p><p>　　1) minimize the flow of distance. </p><p>　　2) gate should be opened in the maximum wall thick

39、ness plastic parts. </p><p>　　3) the need to minimize the weld marks. </p><p>　　4) should help in gas from the cavity. </p><p>　　5) consideration of directional influence. </p>

40、;<p>　　6) avoid jet and wiggle. </p><p>　　7) the gate to avoid bending and the impact load. </p><p>　　8) attention to the appearance of quality. </p><p>　　According to the ch

41、aracteristics of plastic parts, considering more than a few principles, pouring into a triage point, a bit on the line, Point 2 pouring into the shunt open in the post-die-on. </p><p>　　D. pouring system of

42、balance </p><p>　　For small and medium-sized pieces of plastic injection molds have been widely used mode of a multi-cavity in the form of design should try to ensure that all the cavity at the same time be

43、uniform filling and forming. Usually in the shape of plastic parts and die structure to allow the circumstances, should be from the mainstream of the cavity, to shunt the growth of the same design, shape and size of the

44、same section (cavity layout for the balance) in the form of, otherwise we will need Size of</p><p>　　E. cold material point of the design </p><p>　　Upon completion of a cycle of injection interv

45、al, taking into account the injection nozzles of the mainstream entrance and a small section of this melt due to heat and radiation below the required temperature of the plastic melt from the nozzle end of the injection

46、machine to within about 10 Liaotong - 25mm depth has a temperature gradually increased the region, at this time to reach normal temperatures melt the plastic. In this region of the flow of plastic molding and poor perfor

47、mance, if this</p><p>　　Cold Point generally expected in the mainstream Road opposite the creation of the dynamic template (that is, to the flow of plastic), the nominal diameter and its mainstream Road Taid

48、uan diameter of the same or slightly larger number, depth of about 1-1.5 times the diameter of the end Cold expected to ensure that the green is smaller than the size of expected cold, cold material points in six forms,

49、is commonly used for the end of the Z-shaped and Rafah in the form of materials, according to the</p><p><b>　　譯文</b></p><p>　　澆注系統(tǒng)形式和澆口的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　A. 主流道設(shè)計(jì)<

50、/b></p><p><b>　　1. 主流道尺寸</b></p><p>　　主流道是一端與注射機(jī)噴嘴相接觸，另一端與分流道相連的一段帶有錐度的流動(dòng)通道。主流道小端尺寸為3.5～4mm。</p><p>　　2. 主流道襯套的形式</p><p>　　主流道小端入口處與注射機(jī)噴嘴反復(fù)接觸，屬易損件，對(duì)材料要求較

51、嚴(yán)，因而模具主流道部分常設(shè)計(jì)成可拆卸更換的主流道襯套形式（俗稱(chēng)澆口套，這邊稱(chēng)唧咀），以便有效的選用優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼材單獨(dú)進(jìn)行加工和熱處理。唧咀都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件，只需去買(mǎi)就行了。常用唧咀分為有托唧咀和無(wú)托唧咀兩種下圖為前者，有托唧咀用于配裝定位圈。唧咀的規(guī)格有Φ12，Φ16，Φ20等幾種。由于注射機(jī)的噴嘴半徑為20，所以唧咀的為R21。 　</p><p>　　3. 主流道襯套的固定</p><p>　　

52、因?yàn)椴捎玫挠型羞缶祝杂枚ㄎ蝗ε浜瞎潭ㄔ谀＞叩拿姘迳?。定位圈也是?biāo)準(zhǔn)件，外徑為Φ120mm，內(nèi)徑Φ35mm。具體固定形式如下圖所示： 　</p><p><b>　　B. 分流道設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　在多型腔或單型腔多澆口（塑件尺寸大）時(shí)應(yīng)設(shè)置分流道，分流道是指主流道末端與澆口之間這一段塑料熔體的流動(dòng)通道。它是澆注系統(tǒng)中熔融狀態(tài)的塑料由主流道流入型腔

53、前，通過(guò)截面積的變化及流向變換以獲得平穩(wěn)流態(tài)的過(guò)渡段。因此分流道設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)滿(mǎn)足良好的壓力傳遞和保持理想的充填狀態(tài)，并在流動(dòng)過(guò)程中壓力損失盡可能小，能將塑料熔體均衡地分配到各個(gè)型腔。</p><p>　　1. 主分流道的形狀及尺寸</p><p>　　主分流道是水口板下水平的流道。</p><p>　　為了便于加工及凝料脫模，分流道大多設(shè)置在分型面上，分流道截面形狀一般為

54、圓形梯形U形半圓形及矩形等，工程設(shè)計(jì)中常采用梯形截面加工工藝性好，且塑料熔體的熱量散失流動(dòng)阻力均不大，一般采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式可確定其截面尺寸：</p><p>　　式中 B―梯形大底邊的寬度（mm）</p><p>　　m―塑件的重量（g）</p><p>　　L―分流道的長(zhǎng)度（mm）</p><p>　　H―梯形的高度（mm）<

55、;/p><p>　　梯形的側(cè)面斜角a常取50－150，在應(yīng)用式（式1）時(shí)應(yīng)注意它的適用范圍，即塑件厚度在3.2mm以下，重量小于200g，且計(jì)算結(jié)果在3.2－9.5mm范圍內(nèi)才合理。</p><p>　　本電動(dòng)機(jī)絕緣膠架的體積為3221.7324mm3，質(zhì)量大約4g，分流道的長(zhǎng)度預(yù)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)成140mm長(zhǎng)，且有4個(gè)型腔，所以：</p><p><b>　　取B為8

56、mm</b></p><p><b>　　取H為5mm</b></p><p>　　梯形小底邊寬度取6mm，其側(cè)邊與垂直于分型面的方向約成100。另外由于使用了水口板（即我們所說(shuō)的定模板和中間板之間再加的一塊板），分流道必須做成梯形截面，便于分流道和主流道凝料脫模。</p><p>　　實(shí)際加工時(shí)實(shí)，常用兩種截面尺寸的梯形流道，一種

57、大型號(hào)，一各小型號(hào)。如下圖所示： 　</p><p><b>　　2. 主分流道長(zhǎng)度</b></p><p>　　分流道要盡可能短，且少?gòu)澱?，便于注射成型過(guò)程中最經(jīng)濟(jì)地使用原料和注射機(jī)的能耗，減少壓力損失和熱量損失。將分流道設(shè)計(jì)成直的，總長(zhǎng)140mm。</p><p>　　3. 副分流道的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　

58、副分流道的主分流道以下的兩個(gè)土字形的流道</p><p>　　副分流道中豎直方向上有錐度的流道的錐度為單邊20，其最底部直徑為φ6mm，水平方向上下兩層流道的直徑為φ4mm，這些都是根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)取值，其總長(zhǎng)度為38.15mm。</p><p>　　4. 分流道的表面粗糙度</p><p>　　由于分流道中與模具接觸的外層塑料迅速冷卻，只有中心部位的塑料熔體的流動(dòng)狀態(tài)較為

59、理想，因面分流道的內(nèi)表面粗糙度Ra并不要求很低，一般取1.6μm左右既可，這樣表面稍不光滑，有助于塑料熔體的外層冷卻皮層固定，從而與中心部位的熔體之間產(chǎn)生一定的速度差，以保證熔體流動(dòng)時(shí)具有適宜的剪切速率和剪切熱。</p><p>　　實(shí)際加工時(shí)，用銑床銑出流道后，少為省一下模，省掉加工紋理就行了。（省模：制造模具的一道很重要的工序，一般配備了專(zhuān)業(yè)的省模女工，即用打磨機(jī)，沙紙，油石等打磨工具將模具型腔表面磨光，磨亮

60、，降低型腔表面粗糙度。）</p><p>　　5. 分流道的布置形式</p><p>　　分流道在分型面上的布置與前面所述型腔排列密切相關(guān)，有多種不同的布置形式，但應(yīng)遵循兩方面原則：即一方面排列緊湊、縮小模具板面尺寸；另一方面流程盡量短、鎖模力力求平衡。</p><p>　　本模具的流道布置形式采用平衡式 　</p><p><b

61、>　　C. 澆口的設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　澆口亦稱(chēng)進(jìn)料口，是連接分流道與型腔的通道，除直接澆口外，它是澆注系統(tǒng)中截面最小的部分，但卻是澆注系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部分，澆口的位置、形狀及尺寸對(duì)塑件性能和質(zhì)量的影響很大。</p><p><b>　　1. 澆口的選用</b></p><p>　　澆口可分為限制性和非限制性澆口兩種。我

62、們將采用限制性澆口。限制性澆口一方面通過(guò)截面積的突然變化，使分流道輸送來(lái)的塑料熔體的流速產(chǎn)生加速度，提高剪切速率，使其成為理想的流動(dòng)狀態(tài)，迅速面均衡地充滿(mǎn)型腔，另一方面改善塑料熔體進(jìn)入型腔時(shí)的流動(dòng)特性，調(diào)節(jié)澆口尺寸，可使多型腔同時(shí)充滿(mǎn)，可控制填充時(shí)間、冷卻時(shí)間及塑件表面質(zhì)量，同時(shí)還起著封閉型腔防止塑料熔體倒流，并便于澆口凝料與塑件分離的作用。</p><p>　　我們采用的是側(cè)澆口。側(cè)澆口又稱(chēng)邊緣澆口，國(guó)外稱(chēng)之為

63、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)澆口。側(cè)澆口一般開(kāi)設(shè)在分型面上，塑料熔體于型腔的側(cè)面充模，其截面形狀多為矩形狹縫，調(diào)整其截面的厚度和寬度可以調(diào)節(jié)熔體充模時(shí)的剪切速率及澆口封閉時(shí)間。這燈澆口加工容易，修整方便，并且可以根據(jù)塑件的形狀特征靈活地選擇進(jìn)料位置，因此它是廣泛使用的一種澆口形式，普遍使用于中小型塑件的多型腔模具，且對(duì)各種塑料的成型適應(yīng)性均較強(qiáng)；但有澆口痕跡存在，會(huì)形成熔接痕、縮孔、氣孔等塑件缺陷，且注射壓力損失大，對(duì)深型腔塑件排氣不便。</p>

64、<p>　　具體到這套模具，其澆口形式及尺寸澆口各部分尺寸都是取的經(jīng)驗(yàn)值。 　</p><p>　　2. 澆口位置的選擇</p><p>　　模具設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，澆口的位置及尺寸要求比較嚴(yán)格，初步試模后還需進(jìn)一步修改澆口尺寸，無(wú)論采用何種澆口，其開(kāi)設(shè)位置對(duì)塑件成型性能及質(zhì)量影響很大，因此合理選擇澆口的開(kāi)設(shè)位置是提高質(zhì)量的重要環(huán)節(jié)，同時(shí)澆口位置的不同還影響模具結(jié)構(gòu)。總之要使塑件具有良好的

65、性能與外表，一定要認(rèn)真考慮澆口位置的選擇，通常要考慮以下幾項(xiàng)原則：</p><p>　　1) 盡量縮短流動(dòng)距離。</p><p>　　2) 澆口應(yīng)開(kāi)設(shè)在塑件壁厚最大處。</p><p>　　3) 必須盡量減少熔接痕。</p><p>　　4) 應(yīng)有利于型腔中氣體排出。</p><p>　　5)

66、 考慮分子定向影響。</p><p>　　6) 避免產(chǎn)生噴射和蠕動(dòng)。</p><p>　　7) 澆口處避免彎曲和受沖擊載荷。</p><p>　　8) 注意對(duì)外觀(guān)質(zhì)量的影響。</p><p>　　根據(jù)本塑件的特征，綜合考慮以上幾項(xiàng)原則，每個(gè)型腔設(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)進(jìn)澆點(diǎn)，進(jìn)澆點(diǎn)1的分流道開(kāi)在行位上，進(jìn)澆點(diǎn)2的分流道開(kāi)在后模模仁上。

67、 　</p><p>　　D. 澆注系統(tǒng)的平衡</p><p>　　對(duì)于中小型塑件的注射模具己廣泛使用一模多腔的形式，設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)盡量保證所有的型腔同時(shí)得到均一的充填和成型。一般在塑件形狀及模具結(jié)構(gòu)允許的情況下，應(yīng)將從主流道到各個(gè)型腔的分流道設(shè)計(jì)成長(zhǎng)度相等、形狀及截面尺寸相同（型腔布局為平衡式）的形式，否則就需要通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)澆口尺寸使各澆口的流量及成型工藝條件達(dá)到一致，這就是澆注系統(tǒng)的平衡。顯然，

68、我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的模具是平衡式的，即從主流道到各個(gè)型腔的分流道的長(zhǎng)度相等，形狀及截面尺寸都相同。</p><p><b>　　E. 冷料穴的設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　在完成一次注射循環(huán)的間隔，考慮到注射機(jī)噴嘴和主流道入口這一小段熔體因輻射散熱而低于所要求的塑料熔體的溫度，從噴嘴端部到注射機(jī)料筒以?xún)?nèi)約10－25mm的深度有個(gè)溫度逐漸升高的區(qū)域，這時(shí)才達(dá)到正常的塑料熔體溫

69、度。位于這一區(qū)域內(nèi)的塑料的流動(dòng)性能及成型性能不佳，如果這里溫度相對(duì)較低的冷料進(jìn)入型腔，便會(huì)產(chǎn)生次品。為克服這一現(xiàn)象的影響，用一個(gè)井穴將主流道延長(zhǎng)以接收冷料，防止冷料進(jìn)入澆注系統(tǒng)的流道和型腔，把這一用來(lái)容納注射間隔所產(chǎn)生的冷料的井穴稱(chēng)為冷料穴。</p><p>　　冷料穴一般開(kāi)設(shè)在主流道對(duì)面的動(dòng)模板上（也即塑料流動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)向處），其標(biāo)稱(chēng)直徑與主流道大端直徑相同或略大一些，深度約為直徑的1－1.5倍，最終要保證冷料的體積