外文翻譯--大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的實(shí)用網(wǎng)站平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)

1、<p>　　原文題目：The design of University students’ innovative undertaking practical website platform</p><p>　　作者：Delin Sun</p><p>　　原文出處: 2009 Second International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisi

2、tion and Modeling</p><p>　　大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的實(shí)用網(wǎng)站平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì) </p><p>　　摘要：隨著就業(yè)壓力越來越大，大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)已成為日漸明顯的趨勢，所以提供一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)、訓(xùn)練及實(shí)踐的平臺(tái)顯得尤為重要。本網(wǎng)站為大學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)完整的、全方位的平臺(tái)。本網(wǎng)站的實(shí)驗(yàn)、培訓(xùn)和練習(xí)可以提高和促進(jìn)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新能力，并能提供機(jī)會(huì)，讓大學(xué)生可以開展自己的事業(yè)或者與企業(yè)合作開展。這

3、個(gè)平臺(tái)的目標(biāo)客戶還包括從事教育事業(yè)的教師，它可以培育教師。這種進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)、培訓(xùn)、實(shí)踐的平臺(tái)，講學(xué)生、教師、企業(yè)與政府聚集在一起，是一種使用“新知識(shí)、新技術(shù)”的全新的教學(xué)方法。其研究在理論和實(shí)踐的發(fā)展前景都是廣闊的。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)；實(shí)用平臺(tái)；框架設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　簡介</b></p><p>　　在當(dāng)前

4、全球金融危機(jī)的背景下，就業(yè)率的下降，失業(yè)率的上漲是不可避免的。2009年，全球有近611萬大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題已成為全國社會(huì)和學(xué)校的焦點(diǎn)。截止目前，金融危機(jī)的影響使我國就業(yè)形勢非常嚴(yán)峻，大學(xué)生的就業(yè)壓力大增。各級(jí)政府把做好大學(xué)生的就業(yè)工作擺在了第一位，紛紛采取有效措施，鼓勵(lì)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)。與此同時(shí)，各大學(xué)也大力提倡大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)，并培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)，還為他們營造一個(gè)良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境并提供機(jī)會(huì)。創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)不僅可以解決就業(yè)問題，而且可以擴(kuò)大

5、就業(yè)、增大就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，從而大大降低失業(yè)率。這于個(gè)人、家庭乃至整個(gè)社會(huì)都是互惠互利的。</p><p>　　據(jù)調(diào)查，2008年，研究生中創(chuàng)業(yè)的比例為1%，接近于2007年的1.2%。而今年，這一比例為1.94%，雖然有所增長，但與其他發(fā)達(dá)國家相比還是有一定的差距。因此，提高大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)是非常重要的。</p><p>　　1995年，聯(lián)合國教科文組織（聯(lián)合國教育科學(xué)及文化組織）在“關(guān)于高等教

6、育的轉(zhuǎn)型和發(fā)展政策性文件”中對(duì)未來世界就業(yè)形勢做了展望：在“學(xué)歷=工作”不在合適的時(shí)候，那時(shí)的高等教育畢業(yè)生將不僅僅是一個(gè)求職者，還將是一個(gè)成功的企業(yè)家及就業(yè)的開創(chuàng)者。1999年10月，在中國第三屆國家教育工作會(huì)議上，中國國家主席江澤民發(fā)表講話，提出要幫助大學(xué)生培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)和能力，通過教育部門的努力，在不同的行業(yè)建立更多的企業(yè)，從而為社會(huì)提供更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)背景<

7、/b></p><p>　　隨著就業(yè)壓力越來越大，大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)已成為日漸明顯的趨勢，所以提供一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)、訓(xùn)練及實(shí)踐的平臺(tái)顯得尤為重要。本網(wǎng)站為大學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)完整的、全方位的平臺(tái)。本網(wǎng)站的實(shí)驗(yàn)、培訓(xùn)和練習(xí)可以提高和促進(jìn)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新能力，并能提供機(jī)會(huì)，讓大學(xué)生可以開展自己的事業(yè)或者與企業(yè)合作開展。這個(gè)平臺(tái)的目標(biāo)客戶還包括從事教育事業(yè)的教師，它可以培育教師。這種進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)、培訓(xùn)、實(shí)踐的平臺(tái)，講學(xué)生、教師、企業(yè)與

8、政府聚集在一起，是一種使用“新知識(shí)、新技術(shù)”的全新的教學(xué)方法。其研究在理論和實(shí)踐的發(fā)展前景都是廣闊的。</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)</b></p><p>　　平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)主要包括以下方面：</p><p>　　3.1提高大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)和主動(dòng)能力</p><p>　　在【創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)】這個(gè)版塊，你也許會(huì)在創(chuàng)業(yè)過

9、程中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，從而提高你的創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)；當(dāng)你第一次在這個(gè)版塊解決問題后，將會(huì)鍛煉你的創(chuàng)業(yè)中解決問題的能力。當(dāng)解決這個(gè)問題，你還可以幫組其他同學(xué)或老師，這也會(huì)鍛煉你的溝通能力。</p><p>　　3.2加強(qiáng)學(xué)生、教師和企業(yè)之間的溝通</p><p>　　創(chuàng)業(yè)過程中，最重要的是信息資源，這是決定最終結(jié)果的關(guān)鍵。這個(gè)平臺(tái)開設(shè)【資源共享】和【信息交換】兩個(gè)板塊，以促進(jìn)學(xué)生、教師和企業(yè)之間的溝通

10、。</p><p>　　3.3為大學(xué)生的事業(yè)提供幫助和輔導(dǎo)</p><p>　　大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)過程中肯定會(huì)碰到各種各樣的問題，所以此平臺(tái)在【創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)】和【創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐】兩個(gè)板塊開設(shè)了很多人性化的服務(wù)，如創(chuàng)業(yè)咨詢、創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)，提供服務(wù)的都是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的專家和企業(yè)家，他們在理論和實(shí)踐上提供幫助或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。</p><p><b>　　4.框架設(shè)計(jì)</b></

11、p><p><b>　　4.1創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)</b></p><p>　　這個(gè)平臺(tái)提供了幾種特殊的常用事業(yè)軟件和建模流程，包括黃金蝴蝶人力資源軟件、拳擊CRM軟件、南京Aopai財(cái)務(wù)管理軟件等。并且這些所有的事業(yè)軟件一個(gè)完整的軟件建模平臺(tái)，使大學(xué)生或研究生可以知道一些基本的創(chuàng)業(yè)管理并無需承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，從而完成他們的創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃。這個(gè)平臺(tái)可以有效幫助創(chuàng)業(yè)者避免走彎路，使他們對(duì)自己

12、更有信心，并在現(xiàn)實(shí)中提供一個(gè)基本的事業(yè)保障。</p><p>　　4.2創(chuàng)業(yè)培訓(xùn)平臺(tái)</p><p>　　這個(gè)平臺(tái)包含【企業(yè)咨詢】、【企業(yè)服務(wù)】、【創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐】，它的主要功能是為有創(chuàng)業(yè)意愿的大學(xué)生提供一個(gè)真正的培訓(xùn)平臺(tái)，幫助企業(yè)解決實(shí)際問題，從而促進(jìn)他們的事業(yè)取得更大的成功。</p><p><b>　　4.3企業(yè)咨詢</b></p>

13、;<p>　　企業(yè)咨詢主要提供初始和中期或者后期的理論咨詢，解決一些政策及流動(dòng)性方面的紙面問題。該平臺(tái)能為企業(yè)的問題進(jìn)行診斷，提高大學(xué)生在現(xiàn)實(shí)中對(duì)理論與應(yīng)用的認(rèn)識(shí)。</p><p>　　企業(yè)服務(wù)，這個(gè)模塊主要為成熟的企業(yè)提供諸如網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)、網(wǎng)站推廣、SEO（搜索引擎優(yōu)化）的服務(wù)，從而使創(chuàng)業(yè)的大學(xué)生得到大量的練習(xí)。用戶可以更熟練的使用這些必要的應(yīng)用技巧。</p><p>　　創(chuàng)業(yè)

14、實(shí)習(xí)基地，基地主要提供長期穩(wěn)定的平臺(tái)用于在校大學(xué)生與企業(yè)的合作。課后，在老師的指導(dǎo)下，大學(xué)生能更好的掌握理論知識(shí)，從而可以加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的整體技術(shù)水平，并對(duì)大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境作出貢獻(xiàn)。</p><p><b>　　4.4創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐平臺(tái)</b></p><p>　　這個(gè)模塊主要包括老師指導(dǎo)下的創(chuàng)業(yè)咨詢、創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)、創(chuàng)業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)業(yè)。老師為有創(chuàng)業(yè)意愿的大學(xué)生提供專業(yè)咨詢和一些

15、前瞻性的項(xiàng)目。</p><p>　　創(chuàng)業(yè)咨詢，這個(gè)模塊主要為大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)初期提供咨詢，包括國家的相關(guān)政策、創(chuàng)業(yè)信息等等，并解答疑慮。</p><p>　　The design of University students’ innovative undertaking practical website platform</p><p>　　Abstract: &l

16、t;/p><p>　　Abstract—With the employment pressure becoming bigger and bigger, the university students’ innovative undertaking has obviously become the tendency that comply with the time, so providing a platform

17、of undertaking experiment, training, practice appears especially important. This website</p><p>　　provides a complete and omni-directional platform for the university student. This platform’s undertaking exp

18、eriment, training and practice can raise and promote the students’ initiative capacity, and can provide opportunities for them to start his business or to cooperate with the enterprise. This platform’s target client also

19、 includes teachers who are engaged in the undertaking education. It provides a brooder drill ground for the teachers. This kind of undertaking experiment, training, practi</p><p>　　Keywords: University stude

20、nts’ innovative undertaking; Practical platform; Frame design</p><p>　　1. Introduction </p><p>　　Nowadays, when the current global financial crisis happening, the employment rate’s reducing and

21、the unemployment rate’s increasing is inevitable. In 2009, there’re approximately 6,110,000 university graduates all of the nation, the national university students’ employment becomes the social and the school’s focus.

22、At the present, affected by the international financial crisis, our country employment situation is very grim, the graduate’s pressure increases, government agencies at all levels put</p><p>　　encourages the

23、 graduate, raises their consciousness of innovative undertaking, builds a good environment and provides opportunities for them. Innovative undertaking</p><p>　　not only can solve the problem of the employmen

24、t, but also can expand employment, increase the employment opportunity and cut the unemployment rate greatly. This is</p><p>　　a mutual benefit for individual, family and even the entire society.</p>

25、<p>　　According to the investigation, the proportion of the graduate in 2008 who starting an undertaking is 1%, is close with 1.2% proportions in 2007. And this year, the proportion is 1.94%, though a little promoti

26、on, there’s some certain disparity compared with other developed countries. Therefore raising university student’s undertaking consciousness is very important. </p><p>　　In 1995, the UNESCO (United Nations

27、 Educational Scientific and Culture Organization) made a forecast to the world employment situation at the “about Higher</p><p>　　education’s Transformation and Development Policy-type Document”: at a time o

28、f “degree= work” no longer being suitable, the future graduate of higher education will be</p><p>　　not only a job seeker, moreover a successful entrepremeur and a employment inventor. In October, 1999, in t

29、he third nation educational work conferece speech, Comrade Jiang Zemin proposed to help the educatee to cultivate the consciousness of undertaking and the ability to initiate, through Educational department’s endeavor, r

30、aise more and more undertaking in different professions, thus creat more opportunities for the society.</p><p>　　Design background</p><p>　　With the employment pressure becoming bigger and bigge

31、r, the university students’ innovating undertaking has obviously become the tendency that comply with the time, so providing a platform of undertaking experiment, training, practice appears especially important. This web

32、site provides a complete and omni-directional platform for the university student. This platform’s undertaking experiment, training and practice can raise and promote the students’ initiative capacity, and can provide op

33、portun</p><p>　　Design goals</p><p>　　The platform’s design goals mainly include serval aspects as follows:</p><p>　　3.1 Raising the university student’s undertaking consciousness a

34、nd the initiative capacity.</p><p>　　In the plate[ Undertaking experiment], you may stimulate the problem which you will probably meet at the undertaking process, thus raises the pioneer’s risk awareness; so

35、lve the problem at the first time you meet it in this plate, exercising the pioneer’s ability of solving</p><p>　　problem; when solving the problem you can ask help for other classmates or teachers, then you

36、r communication ability gets exercise.</p><p>　　3.2 Strengthen the communication among the students, teachers and enterprises.</p><p>　　In the process of undertaking, the most important spot is

37、the information resource, which is the key to decide the final outcome. This platform especially opened the two plates of [ Resource sharing] and [ Information exchange] to strengthen the communication among the students

38、, teachers and enterprises.</p><p>　　3.3 Offering help and counselling to the university student for their undertaking.</p><p>　　The pioneer will definitely meet various questions and difficulty

39、 in the process of undertaking, so in the platform of [Undertaking experiment] and [ Undertaking practice],</p><p>　　there opened many humanizing interactional services such as undertaking consultation, unde

40、rtaking service, and the ones who provide the service are all experienced experts and entrepreneur, they offer help or experience in theory and practice for them.</p><p>　　Frame design</p><p>　　

41、4.1 Undertaking experiment platform</p><p>　　This platform provides several kinds of special commonly used undertaking software and their modelling flow chart, including the golden butterfly HR management so

42、ftware, the Boxing CRM software, Nanjing Aopai financial management software and so on. And all of these undertaking softwares provide a complete modelling software congregation and a modelling platfoem, so that the univ

43、ersity student or the graduate can know the basic flow of undertaking management without taking economic risks to comp</p><p>　　4.2 Undertaking training platform</p><p>　　This platform contains

44、[Enterprise consultation], [Enterprise service], [Undertaking practice], its main function is to provide a real training platform for the university student who have the intention to start an undertaking, and to help the

45、 enterprise solve the actual problem, thus increase the successful weights for their undertaking.</p><p>　　4.3 Enterprise consultation</p><p>　　Enterprise consultation mainly provides theory con

46、sultation for the enterprise in the initial and intermediate period or even later period, solve some written problems in flow or related policy. This platform can carry on diagnoses for the enterprise’s problem and enhan

47、ce </p><p>　　the student’s understanding to the theroy and application in reality. Enterprise service.This module mainly provides services such as Web design, Web promotion, SEO( Search Engine Optimization)

48、for mature enterprise, thus the undertaking university student can get lots of practice. The user can be more adeptness to these necessary application skill.</p><p>　　Undertaking practice base.The base mainl

49、y provides stable long-term practice platform for the university student in the way of schools cooperating with enterprises. The students can master the theoretical knowledge under teacher’s instruction after class, thus

50、 can strengthen the school university student’s whole undertaking skill level, make contribution to university student’s undertaking environment.</p><p>　　4.4 Undertaking practice platform</p><p&g

51、t;　　This module mainly includes the undertaking consultation, undertaking service, undertaking project and E-commerce undertaking under the undertaking teacher’s instruction. The teacher provides professional consultatio

52、n, service or some prospective project to the student willing to start an undertaking.</p><p>　　Undertaking consultation.This module mainly provides consultation to the university student in their undertakin