大豆灰斑病發(fā)生規(guī)律及防控技術(shù)研究.pdf

1、●中文摘要’中文摘要小區(qū)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，大豆灰斑病不同的發(fā)病級(jí)別對(duì)產(chǎn)量影響不同，隨發(fā)病程度的加重，產(chǎn)量損失有加大的趨勢(shì)。在自然堆積的處理中，葉、莖、莢均能產(chǎn)生孢子，以莖和莢的產(chǎn)孢量多，各不同部分的產(chǎn)孢量明顯多于埋入地下不同處理的相應(yīng)部位。大豆灰斑病的發(fā)生與品種有密切關(guān)系，在大豆灰斑病發(fā)生較重的地方，生產(chǎn)上主要推廣品種中，表現(xiàn)抗病的品種很少，大部分品種都屬于中抗～感病類型。用自行篩選的一套鑒別寄主共鑒定出10個(gè)致病型。其中以l號(hào)致病型出現(xiàn)頻

2、率最高，分布最廣，其次是7號(hào)致病型，10號(hào)致病型占第三位；其它依次2號(hào)、3號(hào)、9號(hào)、4號(hào)、8號(hào)、6號(hào)和11號(hào)。毒力頻率測(cè)定，明確了黑龍江省部分主要推廣品種和有希望品系的抗病性。一些大豆灰斑病菌株對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)刂饕茝V品種都有較高的毒力頻率，毒力頻率較低的有2個(gè)品種，毒力頻率中等的有7個(gè)品種；毒力頻率高的有14個(gè)品種。對(duì)648份大豆新品系鑒定結(jié)果，高抗品系55份，抗病品系80份，中抗品系210份，感病和高感品系303份。大豆生產(chǎn)上主要栽培品種一半

3、以上對(duì)l號(hào)生理小種具有一定抗病能力，有28份是中等抗性水平。感病品種連片種植中，感病品種綏農(nóng)8號(hào)發(fā)病程度最高，黑河4號(hào)次之?？垢衅贩N間作后，每一感病品種病情指數(shù)均低于相應(yīng)對(duì)照，合豐25號(hào)下降的最為明顯。關(guān)鍵詞：大豆灰斑病；發(fā)生規(guī)律；抗病性；防控技術(shù)I■黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文Y1rlTIII)lITIII[f『AbstractResultsofplotshowedthatdifferentlevelsofCercosporasofinac

4、ausesdiseasehaddifferenteffectontheyieldofsoybeanGreaterthediseaseseverityWas，moretheyieldlostLeafstemandpodallcouldproducesporesundernatul詛depoisttreatments，whilesporescouldbeproducedmoreinstemandpodTheamountsthateveryp

5、artcouldproduceweremorethanthoseofthecorrespondingpartsburiedHappinessofthisdiseasehadcloserelationwitllsoybeanvarietiesMajorsoybeanpromotedracesshowedresistantsusceptibletoCercosporasojinawhilealittle1“acesshowedhi曲resi

6、stancetoCercosporasojinaintheplacewherethisdiseaseseverityWasheavy10raceswereidentifiedbyusingasetofselfusedifferentialhostsAmongthemthefrequencyofracelWashighestanditWasmostwidelydistributedfollowedbylace7，race10，thirdp

7、lace；othersinturn2，3，9，4，8，6and11ResistanceofmajorpromotedracesandpromisinglineswereidentifiedbywayofvirulencefrequencystatisticsandcalculatedanalysisSomeCercosporasofinaisolatesshowedhighvirulencefrequencytomajorHeilong

8、jiangpromotedsoybeanracesTwosoybeanraceshadlowvirulencefrequencyseVenraceswimmoderatovirulencefrequency14raceswithhighvirulencefrequencyResultof648copiesidentificationshowed55copieswithhi。ghresistance，210謝tllmoderateresi

9、stanceand303copies、^，imsusceptiblityMorethanhalfofmajorpromotedcultivarsshowedcertainresistancetoracel，28copieshadmediumresistancelevelRacelemergedwithhighestfrequencyfromracesemergingfrequencyitWasdominantspecieSuinong8