臨床技能影像模擬考試

1、臨床技能培訓(xùn)模擬考試題,請直接寫出診斷結(jié)果1-5題用中文答題6-10題用英文答題,第1題,請用中文 回答,第2題,請用中文 回答,第3題,請用中文 回答,第4題,,請用中文回答,第5題,請用中文 回答,第6題,請用英文回答,第7題,,請用英文回答,第8題,,請用英文回答,第9題,請用英文回答,第10題,請用英文回答,11.名詞解釋（中文作答）Monteggia fracture,12.簡答（中文作答）

2、5 P sign of osteofascial compartment syndrome,13. 骨折并發(fā)癥,14. 切開復(fù)位的指征,15.斷肢（指）再植禁忌證,16.transurethral resection syndrome after endoscopic resection of the prostate occurs because of__? A. air embolism during the proce

3、dure B. blood loss from postoperative irrigation C. absorption of irrigant D. relaxation of the urethral sphincter from spinal anesthesia,17. Prostate cancer occurs most commonly in which zone of the prostat

4、e?A. central zoneB. urethral zoneC. transitional zoneD. perioheral zone,18. 前列腺增生和神經(jīng)源性膀胱功能障礙的鑒別有賴于 A. B超 B. 靜脈尿路造影 C. 尿流動力學(xué)檢查 D. 放射性核素掃描,19.正常人直腸指診不能觸及 A．前列腺 B. 精囊 C.

5、 骶骨岬 D. 子宮頸,20. 患者，男，35歲。左腰部受傷后出現(xiàn)腰痛。體檢：血壓125/90mmHg，P80次/分，左腎區(qū)叩痛（+），腹膜刺激征（-）。尿常規(guī)檢查：RBC5-10個/HP。該患者最主要的診斷是 A．腎挫傷 B. 腎部分裂傷 C. 腎全層裂傷 D. 腎蒂損傷,21.開放性氣胸最主要的診斷依據(jù)是什么？ A ．胸部銳器傷 B ．胸壁傷口

6、，存在氣胸體征 C．火器傷，彈道進(jìn)入胸腔 D．胸部損傷，呼吸困難，縱隔擺動 E．呼吸時傷口有氣體出入,22．閉合性肋骨骨折，出現(xiàn)下列哪項提示可能合并張力性氣胸？ A．傷側(cè)肺呼吸音減弱 B．傷側(cè)肺有啰音 C．傷側(cè)胸部劇痛 D．傷側(cè)皮下氣腫 E．傷側(cè)胸腔積液,23. 胸部損傷下述哪種情況為剖胸探查手術(shù)適應(yīng)征： A：氣胸肺萎陷超過30% B：多根多處肋骨骨折

7、 C：胸部爆震傷 D：進(jìn)行性血胸 E：損傷性窒息發(fā)紺嚴(yán)重,24.Which ribs are easier to be fractured？ 1-3ribs 4-7ribs 8-10ribs 11-12ribs e. all ribs,25.Which is wrong about lung cancer?A. Histologically is most commonly

8、a small cell carcinoma.B. Spread via the bloodstream to the brain and boneC .Is often an asymptomatic finding on a chest X-rayD.May have a normal chest X-rayE.Operation is the principle treatment,26.Right optic tract

9、 injury will cause visual field defect A. one eye blindness B. left homonymous hemianopia C. homonymous quadrantic hemianopia D. diplopia E. bitemporal hemianopia,27.which one is the most important s

10、ign of the damage of pyramidal tract？ A. Paralysis B.Muscle atrophy C. Pathological reflex positive D. Muscular tension increase E. Anesthesia,28.一男孩,一月前下午放學(xué)時家人發(fā)現(xiàn)左眼裂變小,繼之右上瞼也下垂,晨起時正常。來診時檢查:雙上瞼輕下垂,瞳孔等大,對光

11、反射正常,令其反復(fù)做睜閉眼動作后,上瞼下垂加重,最可能的診斷是 A.動眼神經(jīng)麻痹 B.先天性眼瞼下垂 C.周期性麻痹 D.重癥肌無力 E.多發(fā)性硬化,29.下列關(guān)于胸部皮節(jié)的體表標(biāo)志不正確的描述為 A.胸骨角平面為T2 B.乳頭平面為T3 C.臍平面為T10 D.腹股溝為T12～L1 E. 肋骨下緣為T6,30. 以下哪項不是蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血典型的臨床表現(xiàn)： A. 劇

12、烈頭痛、嘔吐 B. 腦膜刺激征陽性 C. 偏癱 D. 血性腦脊液 E. 動眼神經(jīng)癱,31. Each of the following heart sounds may occur shortly after S2 (diastolic phase) EXCEPT: ( )A. Opening snapB. Austin Flint murmur C.&#

13、160;Ejection clickD. mitral valve stenosis murmur,32. Each of the following statements regarding the descriptions of the second heart sound is true, EXCEPT: ( )A. Severe pulmonary stenosis is associate

14、d with a softened P2B. Delayed closure of the pulmonary valve with inspiration contributes to physiologic splitting of S2C. Fixed splitting of S2 is the auscultatory hallmark of atrial septal defectD. F

15、ixed splitting of S2 is the auscultatory hallmark of ventricular septal defect,33. Which of the following ECG findings is revealed in a patient experiencing an acute anterior transmural MI? ( )A. Normal ECG

16、at presentation and 3 hours laterB. ST elevation in leads V2–V5C. Hyperacute T waves in lead II, III, aVF D. ST depression in leads V2–V5,34. Conditions may mimic the pain of myocardial ischemia. E

17、XCEPT: ( )A. Esophageal spasmB. Costal chondritis C. Herpes zosterD. Bronchiectasis,35. Each of the following congenital heart diseases is probably referred to interventional therapy EXCEPT: (

18、 )A. ASD B. PDA. C. VSD D. Mitral valve regurgitation,36. A 35-year-old woman presents with a 2-day history of cough productive of green-yellow sputum. She complains of fever, chills, and dyspnea. On phys

19、ical examination, T 39.4 ℃ RR 26/min Bp 110/65mmHg P 125/min. Examination of the lungs reveals increased fremitus and dullness at the right posterior base. Crackles and bronchial breath sounds are audible at the right ba

20、se. Gram stain of the sputum reveals gram-positive cocci and numerous neutrophils. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ( ) A.Right upper lobe pneumonia B. Right lower lobe p

21、neumonia C.Right middle lobe pneumonia D. Right pleural effusion,37. A 60-year-old man presents to your office with an 80-pack-year history of cigarette smoking. He complains of some dyspnea on

22、 exertion. He has an asthenic body habitus and pursed-lip breathing. He has an increased anteroposterior thickness of the thorax. Lung examination reveals decreased fremitus , hyperresonance on percussion, and diminished

23、 breath sounds. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ( ) A. Bronchiectasis B. Asthma C. Emphysema D. Pleural effusion,38. Massive hemoptysis means (

24、 ) A. Less than 100ml of blood lost in a 24 hour period B. More than 100ml to 500ml of blood lost in a 24 hour period C. More than 100ml of blood lost in a 24 hour period D. More than 500ml of blood los

25、t for the whole episode or in 24 hour period,39．動脈血氣分析pH7.47，PaCO230mmHg，BE-2.1mmol/L。表示： A．正常范圍 B．代謝性堿中毒 C．呼吸性酸中毒 D．呼吸性堿中毒 E．代謝性酸中毒,40. 診斷ALI時應(yīng)： A. PaO2/FiO2＞300 B. 20

26、0＜PaO2/FiO2≤300 C. 200≤PaO2/FiO2＜300 D. PaO2/FiO2≤200 E. PaO2/FiO2≤100,41、Which one is not the main side effects of anti-thyroid drugs? ( ) A. rash B. hepatic dysfunction

27、 C. agranulocytosis D. hypertension,42、A 36-year-old female complains of palpitations, fatigue, heat intolerance, sweating, and insomnia. On physical exam, her skin is moist and she is tachycardic. There is a

28、diffuse thyroid gland enlargement and proptosis. Which of the following lab values would you expect in this patient? ( ) A. Increased TSH, FT3 and FT4 B. Decreased TSH, increased FT3 and FT4 C. In

29、creased TSH, decreased FT3 and FT4 D. Decreased TSH, FT3 and FT4,43、Which of the followings is not macrovascular disease of diabetes mellitus. ( ) A. Angina pectoris B. Stroke C. Myocardial

30、 infarction D. Diabetic nephropathy,44、Which of the following is used as the diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus up to now? ( ) A. Glucosuria B. Blood glucose C. HbA1c

31、 D. C peptide,45、Which is the commonest clinical manifestation of primary aldosteronism? （ ） A. moon face B. hypertension and hypokalemia C. buffalo hump

32、 D. osteoporosis,46、Stomach pattern can sometimes be seen in patients with ( ) A. Biliary obstruction B. Pyloric obstruction C. Intestinal obstruction D. Cardia obstructi

33、on,47、Frog belly is a special medical term used to describe the presence of which of the following conditions? ( ) A. Pneumoperitoneum B. Intestinal gas retention C. Ascites

34、 D. Obesity,48、Abdominal wall superficial vein dilatation can be seen in patients with ( ) A. Inferior vena cava obstruction B. Liver cirrhosis of early stage C. Liver cysts

35、 D. Liver abscess,49、Which one of the following is not the etiology of ascites?（ ） A. cirrhosis of the liver B. tuberculous peritonitis C. malignant tumor

36、 D. intestinal tuberculosis,50、The volume of gas that we need to inject into the gastric pouch of Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is A.>500ml B.<100ml C.100-150ml

37、 D.200-300ml,51、Following picture is a smear of the bone marrow under oil microscope vision. Combining with the history, the most likely diagnosis of this patient is ( ).,A．MMB．AML-M3C．ALL-L1D．ALL-L

38、2E．AML-M2,52、The depth of sterna puncture is less than ( ). A. 1cm B.1.2cm C.1.5cm D.2.0cm E.2.5cm,53、慢性粒細(xì)胞白血病患者，白細(xì)胞計數(shù)500×109/L，巨脾，出現(xiàn)左上腹劇痛，其診斷最可能的是（ ）。 A. 胃穿孔

39、 B. 脾梗死、脾周圍炎 C. 胰腺炎 D. 腎絞痛 E. 膽囊炎,54、關(guān)于類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎，下列說法錯誤的是（ ） A. RA的病理改變?yōu)榛ぱ?B. RA主要發(fā)病機制是免疫紊亂 C. 類風(fēng)濕因子陽性可診斷RA D. RA可引起心臟、肺臟等多臟器受累 E. RA以藥物治療為主,55、關(guān)于系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡下列說法錯誤的是（ ）

40、 A. SLE的基本病理改變?yōu)檠苎?B. SLE可引起心臟、肺臟等多臟器受累 C.SLE可引起淺表淋巴結(jié)腫大和脾大 D.抗核抗體是SLE標(biāo)記性抗體之一 E.SLE應(yīng)選用糖皮質(zhì)激素和免疫抑制劑治療,56. Right optic tract injury will cause visual field defect A. one eye blindness B. l

41、eft homonymous hemianopia C. homonymous quadrantic hemianopia D. diplopia E. bitemporal hemianopia,57.which one is the most important sign of the damage of pyramidal tract？ A. Paralysis

42、 B.Muscle atrophy C. Pathological reflex positive D. Muscular tension increase E. Anesthesia,58.一男孩,一月前下午放學(xué)時家人發(fā)現(xiàn)左眼裂變小,繼之右上瞼也下垂,晨起時正常。來診時檢查:雙上瞼輕下垂,瞳孔等大,對光反射正常,令其反復(fù)做睜閉眼動作后,上瞼下垂加重,最可能的診斷是 A. 動眼神經(jīng)

43、麻痹 B. 先天性眼瞼下垂 C. 周期性麻痹 D. 重癥肌無力 E. 多發(fā)性硬化,59.下列關(guān)于胸部皮節(jié)的體表標(biāo)志不正確的描述為 A. 胸骨角平面為T2 B. 乳頭平面為T3 C. 臍平面為T10 D. 腹股溝為T12～L1 E. 肋骨下緣為T6,60. 以下哪項不是蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血典型的臨床表現(xiàn)：