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1、外文翻譯外文翻譯原文BusinessModelsfElectronicMarketsMaterialSource:JournalonElectronicmarkets2007(2)Auth:PaulTimmers11thCenturyEuropesawtheemergenceofcreditbasedbankingsystemsfinancialinstrumentssuchasbillsofexchange.Theseconcepts
2、remainwithusintheirmodifiedfmtothisday.Theyunderpinallmodernfmsofcommerce.Thearrivalofinfmationtechnologyhasraisedtheprospectofradicalchangetothistraditionalmodel.TheriseoftheIntersincetheadventoftheWldWideWebhasprovided
3、aneasytousecommunicationchannelfbusinessestocontactcurrentpotentialcustomers.TheemergenceoftheInterasageneralcommunicationchannelhasalsogivenrisetothepossibilityofwidespreadelectroniccommerce.Eventhoughthereisstillmuchde
4、baterelatingtoelectronicpaymentfcommercialactivitiesthisisclearlyanareaofgrowth.ItisdifficulttosayhowlargetheInteris.Hoffman&Novakquoteanumberofsurveyswhichsuggestthatthereareatleast10millionIntersintheUnitedStatesalone.
5、ThenumberofcomputersconnectedtotheIntertopped9.47million(wkWizards1996)asofJanuary1996.Notethatasinglehostsupptsanywherefromasingleusertoinsomecasesthoussofusers.AsofMarch21199624347firmswerelistedinOpenMarketsdirectyof“
6、CommercialServicesonthe”therewere54800entriesinthe“Companies“directyoftheYahooGuidetoWWWwiththetotalnumberofWebsitesdoublingapproximatelyeverytwomonths.TheInterisonlyoneaspectoftechnology.Businessesrequireinfmationsuppti
7、ngsystems(processes)tohlethedataovertimethesesystemshavebecomecomputerised(IT).Moderninfmationtechnologycanbothsuppttheprocesseshelpcaptureusefulinfmationftheenterprise.Thesetechnologiesinclude:Firstganizationalsupptsyst
8、emssuchaswkflowgroupwaremakingbusinessesmeefficient.SecondCustomercontactdatabaseshelpingcaptureinfmationaboutcustomersfacilitatenewmethodsofmarketing.ThirdElectronicpaymentTheelectronicrelationshipextendsbeyondthebounds
9、oftheganisationintothemarketasseenintheexampleofairlinehotelcarrentalreservationsystems.Thecommunitiesestablishedhaveareenfcingeffect.Theseinsightsfceustoreexaminetraditionaltheiesofeconomicssystemsganisationsmarketingco
10、mpetitiontransactioncostanalysis.Astheboundariesbetweenfirmsmarketsdissolveaacteristicofrelationshipmarketingwkganisationsanewimageofinteractionbusinessisneeded.Theimptanceofinfmationexchangeinrelationshipmarketingrequir
11、esaclearunderstingrecognitionofthepotentialproblems.Privacyisalsoanissuewhatisprivatechangesfromonepersontoanotheraswellasbetweendifferentcultures.ThosewhousetheInterarelikelytobebettereducatedlesswillingtogiveinfmationu
12、nlesstheytrusttherecipient.Companiesneedtorealisethattheonlyreasontheyholdinfmationonacustomerisbecausetheyhavearelationshipwiththatcustomersomethingwhichisnottransferable.Thoseusingelectronicchannelstoreachcustomersarel
13、ikelytotargetbettereducatedmeaffluentcustomers.Theyneedtherefetoensurethattheircustomerinfmationsystemsareappropriate.Anunderstingofthetrustbuildingprocessisalsorequired.Firmsneedtomakeafeatureoftheirtrustwthiness(auniqu
14、esellingpoint!).Trustisbestdevelopedthroughprocesses.Processestendtobecustomerfacingwithineachcustomerinteractiontrustisbuiltuperoded.Companiesmustbeabsolutelyclearaboutthevalueintendeduseofinfmation.Collectinginfmationb
15、ecauseitistechnicallypossible(onedaymightbeuseful)islikelytoweakentrustdevelopment.Surprisinglyasitiscurrentlyevolvingthereislittleactivityaimedatincludingtheconsumerinthedevelopmentofemergingmedia(Dennis&Pease1994).Inde
16、rtoadoptamarketientationfirmsmustundersttheircustomersengageinconsumerresearch.Potentialcustomersaremosteffectivelyengagedthroughnewconversationalmarketingapproaches.Anecdotalevidencesuggeststherearetwotypesofcustomers‘c
17、onvenienceshoppers’‘explers’(thosestreetsmartconsumerswhoarehappytosurftheWeblookingfthebestdealmostappropriateproductcombination).FurthermethesheersizeoftheWebmeansfindingrelevantinfmationisbecomingmemedifficultdespitet
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