[雙語翻譯]交通運(yùn)輸外文翻譯—城市道路交通安全自動(dòng)管理系統(tǒng)（原文）

1、* Corresponding author: joskar@pg.gda.pl Automatic road traffic safety management system in urban areas Jacek Oskarbski1* 1Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk, Poland

2、 Abstract. Traffic incidents and accidents contribute to decreasing levels of transport system reliability and safety. Traffic management and emergency systems on the road, using, among others, automatic detection, vid

3、eo surveillance, communication technologies and institutional solutions improve the organization of the work of various departments involved in traffic and safety management. Automation of incident management helps t

4、o reduce the time of a rescue operation as well as of the normalization of the flow of traffic after completion of a rescue operation, which also affects the reduction of the risk of secondary accidents and contributes

5、 to reducing their severity. The paper presents the possibility of including city traffic departments in the process of incident management. The results of research on the automatic incident detection in cities are al

6、so presented. 1 Introduction Transport systems are a key element in meeting basic social needs related to population mobility and supplies. They facilitate the development of economic activity and contribute to upgradi

7、ng the quality of life. Society expects a high level of reliability of transport while traveling to work, schools and for recreation. Today, however, it is already known that certain changes in transport management are

8、 necessary to tackle such urgent problems as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, traffic safety or social risks, at the same time ensuring sufficient mobility in the future. The development of Intelligent Tran

9、sportation Systems (ITS) as supplementary to long-term measures in transport policy offer hope for at least a partial solution to the problems encountered, including in particular the problem of transport safety. Cons

10、equently, many cities in developed countries introduce intelligent systems of transportation management. The intensified implementation of ITS services has also been observed in Polish towns and on rural roads for seve

11、ral years now. Traffic services are not the sole beneficiaries of such ITS services. New software and hardware solutions are also applied by institutions participating in rescue operations (medical services, fire briga

12、des) and preventive actions (e.g. those related to speed control). Systems used by road authorities as well as emergency and preventive services provide detailed data on traffic incidents and other big data which can

13、be used at planning and operational levels of security management. These data are also a potential resource that could be the basis for research aimed at improving and developing new methods and means to upgrade traffi

14、c safety. Changes taking place through technological development, that manifest themselves in an ever wider use of automation in transportation processes, justify the revision of the current approach to traffic safety

15、DOI: 10.1051/ , 03007 (2017) 71220 1 MATEC Web of Conferences matecconf/201 22GAMBIT 2016 3007© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Co

16、mmons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). traffic safety. Such data can be collected, for instance, in ITS Regional Laboratories. The structures of these databases and their linkages s

17、hould be developed. It is also important to ensure universal access to data. The activities of local governments working on solutions in the field of “Smart City“ can be helpful in this respect. The result of these act

18、ivities should be the introduction of traffic safety and knowledge transfer. 2.2 Operational traffic safety management The system of transport suffers disruptions every day. Transport systems become less reliable (whi

19、ch in particular affects the reliability of travel time within a transport network) [3] when undesired incidents take place. These include dangerous incidents (accidents and collisions) and incidents (such as a vehicle

20、 becoming stationary due to a breakdown or driver indisposition, objects on the road, failure of parts of road infrastructure) [4]. This suggests that a systemic solution is required to help restore normal traffic cond

21、itions faster after the accident scene is cleared and minimize travelers’ time lost. The objective is also to reduce the risk of secondary events (by keeping motorists informed about the incident and controlling speed

22、 via Variable Message Signs) and accident severity (by reducing the time for emergency services to get to the scene and attend to the casualties). With the deployment of ITS services in Poland the work of the services

23、can now be intensified and integrated as part of operational road safety management. The architecture of the Tri-City’s Integrated Traffic Management System TRISTAR provides for the delivery of an operational road saf

24、ety management system as depicted in Fig. 1. Traffic Incident Management (TIM) is a systematic, planned and coordinated use of resources to reduce the impact of incidents, and improve the safety of motorists, crash vi

25、ctims and incident responders and to restore normal traffic conditions after the occurrence of an incident is detected on the road. Using its detection capability, the Monitoring and Traffic Surveillance System suppor

26、ts the collection of data about traffic parameters, weather conditions, travel times on specific street sections. Once processed they can be used by Traffic Safety Management System modules. The Automatic Supervision o

27、f Drivers Behavior Module is designed to detect road traffic offences such as exceeding momentary speed and average speed on a road section and driving over the STOP line on a junction or pedestrian crossing on a red

28、light for the particular direction. At present, the modules collect offence statistics, a useful source of information for road authorities when they take steps to improve traffic layout and for the police when they ta

29、ke preventive action. The data can be used to send complete sets of offence information to a central traffic enforcement body. Before drivers can be punished for offences they have committed, the law and organizational

30、 arrangements must be revised and verified. The next task of the module is to pass on travel time information for use in the Traveler Information System (drivers can access the information via VMS and website) [5]. Fi