[雙語翻譯]交通安全外文翻譯--駕駛員的可靠性及其對道路交通安全的影響

1、2150 英文單詞， 英文單詞，11500 英文字符，中文 英文字符，中文 3050 字文獻出處： 文獻出處：Buss D, Abishev K, Baltabekova A. Driver‘s reliability and its effect on road traffic safety[J]. Procedia Computer Science, 2019, 149: 463-466.Driver's reliabili

2、ty and its effect on road traffic safetyDavis Buss, Kairatolla Abishev, Almagul BaltabekovaAbstractA driver of a vehicle is a main part of “driver – automobile – road – environment” (DARE) system, sustainable functioning

3、 of which determines the effectivity and safety of the road traffic. The driver as an operatof of DARE system gets most of the information from the road, scilicet from moving and stationery objects on it, traffic signs,

4、traffic lights, condition of the surface and traffic environment. Analysis of the majority of road accidents demonstrates that the weakest part of human-machine DARE system limiting its efficency and reliability is a hum

5、an. To provide necessary reliability and safety the driver of any vehicle has to be cautious. It is maintained by the appropriate psychophysiological condition which is in turn affected by many factors. In the article th

6、e analysis of research works considering the effect of different factors on the vehicle driver’s reliability is presented. The means and methods of research conducting are described. The recommendations on constructing t

7、he stand for research of the effect of driver’s psychophysiological condition on road traffic safety are given.Keywords: Driver reliability; Road traffic1. IntroductionAutomobile transport is an integral and essential co

8、mponent of the transport and communication complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is characterized by:? The greatest distribution and availability? High maneuverability and speed of delivery of passengers and cargo? I

9、t is characterized by the possibility of carrying out «door-to-door» transportation without any additional intermediate cargo operations? No alternative provision of services at short distances (intercity and s

10、uburban transportation, transportation in rural areas)? High degree of adaptation to various technological processes, both in production and in the service sector;? relatively low capital intensity [1]In view of these ci

11、rcumstances, road transport is considered as an integral component of all modern transport technologies and is in a state of continuous development (traffic intensity, speed, and payload increase). Along with the indispu

12、table advantages of automobilization, there is a tendency to an increase in human and material losses due to accidents involving vehicles. The car is a potential source of increased danger to people, which has increased

13、dramatically in recent years as a result of an increase in engine power and speed.2. Effect of the driver on road safetyThe driver of a motor vehicle is the main component of the system “driver - car - road - environment

14、” (DCRE), the stable functioning of which is determined by the efficiency and safety of road traffic. The driver can be considered as the operator of a complex dynamic system DCRE [2].The driver as an operator of the DCR

15、E system receives most of the information from the road costs of necessary medical care, social costs, loss of working potential, loss of transportation, etc. The overall level of losses is difficult to determine [10, 11

16、].To ensure the reliability and safety of work, the driver of any vehicle must be the most vigilant. This is ensured by its corresponding psycho-physiological state, which is influenced by many factors.Studies of the inf

17、luence of the psycho physiological state of the driver on road safety are of paramount importance and its relevance is indisputable. When conducting such studies, it is necessary to analyze the brain activity of the driv

18、er [12].3. Analysis and research methods of human brain activityDifferent methods and tools are used to analyze human brain activity. One of such methods for many years has been the identification, measurement and analys

19、is of electromagnetic impulses arising in the brain. Thanks to this method, such areas as electroencephalography (EEG) and magneto encephalography (MEG) have emerged. Over time, these approaches to the study of brain act

20、ivity evolved into important and widely used scientific disciplines. Among their main advantages are the speed of obtaining relevant brain signals and the accuracy of their measurement.On the other hand, the use of both

21、of these approaches is fraught with many problems, especially if the measurements are not carried out under laboratory conditions. As for the application of these approaches in the field of transport, in particular in th

22、e cabin of a moving vehicle, it is not possible.Therefore, the search continues for other methods that could be applied in similar conditions.The measurement of electromagnetic brain signals and their subsequent analysis

23、 is widely used in medicine and other fields. This method has many advantages, especially it is worth emphasizing the ease with which signals can be read from a person’s head, while the person does not feel anything, and

24、 a large amount of information comes to the location of scientists. Since the recorded signals are mostly quasiperiodic and quasistationary, known Fourier methods cannot be used to analyze them, which can be attributed t

25、o the disadvantages of this approach.The problem of establishing contact, described above, does not manifest itself in the case of MEG, which is the measurement of the magnetic component of electromagnetic waves that are

26、 produced by the human brain. However, the fact that today parasitic magnetic fields are present practically everywhere, forces us to carry out these measurements with extreme caution, under an anti-magnetic shield. Such

27、 shields not only occupy a lot of space and are very heavy, they are also very expensive. Thus, a similar experiment cannot be implemented in the cabin of a moving car. For this reason, this method can also be used exclu

28、sively under laboratory conditions.Taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the above methods, it is proposed to develop a combined electromechanical analysis of brain activity (CEMABA). In this method

29、, you can combine the advantages of electromagnetic and mechanical methods, while minimizing their disadvantages [14].Currently, the most common simulator for carrying out such research is the simulator of the German com

30、pany VRteinment [13]. All its main elements imitate European middle-class cars.It is a steering wheel with two pedals and a gear shift lever. The signal from the control mechanisms arrives at the computer where the proce

31、ssing is performed. The operator wears 3D LCD glasses, on the screen of which the previously known landscape is displayed. The disadvantage of this simulator is that you cannot create and change the landscape. In additio