[雙語翻譯]全面質(zhì)量管理外文翻譯--利用層次分析法研究房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的全面質(zhì)量管理實(shí)踐（節(jié)選）

1、4000 英文單詞， 英文單詞，2.3 萬英文字符，中文 萬英文字符，中文 6850 字文獻(xiàn)出處： 文獻(xiàn)出處：Sarathy P S. TQM practice in real-estate industry using AHP[J]. Quality Golden et al. 1989; Zopounidis and Doumpos 1997, 1998, 1999a,b, 2000a,b).The study is based

2、 on group decision making. In addition to final preference weights, the AHP permits calculation of a value called the consistency index. This index measures transitivity of preference for the person doing the pair wise c

3、omparisons (Sinuany-Stern 1988).To illustrate the meaning of transitivity of preference, if a person prefers choice A over B, and B over C, then do they in consistent fashion prefer A over C? This index provides a useful

4、 check, because the AHP method does not inherently prevent the expression of intransitivity of preferences when ratings are being performed. The AHP consistency index compares a person’s informed preferences ratings to t

5、hose generated by a random preference expression process. An arbitrary but generally accepted as tolerable level of inconsistent preference scoring with the AHP is less than or equal to 0.1 (Sinuany-Stern 1988). A consis

6、tency ratio CR is computed for each comparison matrix. In an interactive application of AHP a matrix classified as being inconsistent (CR > 0.1) was given back to the decision making for mod- ification until it fulfil

7、ls the consistency condition. All of them were less of 0.1 (Mirkazemi et al. 2009).For determining weight of every alternative, arithmetic means was used based on formula 1:Vectors of the arithmetic means of the coeffici

8、ents of importance were rescaled in the manner that their sum equaled one. Then the symphonic means were calculated based on formula 2:For the real-estate industries, identifying the factors that influence the organizati

9、onal innovation is just as important as other decisions. The AHP can also be utilized to rank the importance of various alternatives. In this study, the application of the AHP technique helps identifying what are the fac

10、tors that influence the organization innovations and their relative importance.3. Research construct for TQMThis section deals with defining constructs identified from the literature and generating items that represent m

11、anifestations of these constructs. Constructs are a latent variable, which means they cannot be measured directly. For example, top management commitment to quality is a construct that cannot be measured directly. Howeve