外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯--關(guān)于提升商店光源顯色性的研究（英文）

1、XML Template (2015) [19.2.2015–6:23pm] [1–21] //blrnas3.glyph.com/cenpro/ApplicationFiles/Journals/SAGE/3B2/LRTJ/Vol00000/150007/APPFile/SG-LRTJ150007.3d (LRT) [PREPRINTER stage]Astudyofpreferredcolourrenderingof light s

2、ources: Shop lightingF Szabo ´ PhDa, R Ke ´ri BSca, J Schanda DSca, P Csuti MSca, A Wilm Dipl-Ing.(FH)b and E Baur Dipl-PhyscaUniversity of Pannonia, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems

3、, Veszpre ´m, Hungary bOsram Opto Semiconductors GmbH, Regensburg, Germany cOsram GmbH, Regensburg, GermanyReceived 10 September 2014; Revised 4 January 2015; Accepted 25 January 2015This paper provides recommendati

4、ons for optimum LED light spectra in shop environments. The main aspects of the research were to elaborate the optimal LED spectral power distribution for the lighting of different colour textiles, fruits and vegetables,

5、 meat and bakery products. The spectrum was tailored towards different colour quality metrics such as the colour rendering index and the colour quality scale. Small scale investigations with eye-tracker studies were carr

6、ied out by Osram Opto Semiconductors at the University of Regensburg and full scale experiments were conducted at the University of Pannonia during the project in order to determine which metric correlates best to the pr

7、eference of the observers. Results of the psychophysical have been evaluated with the help of analytic hierarchy process and a modified Thurstone method. As a result of the investigation, optimal spectral power distribut

8、ions for shop environment are described.1. IntroductionThe European Union has financed a three- year research project with acronym SSL4EU to establish the optimal spectral power distri- butions (SPDs) of LED light source

9、s for use in offices, shops and homes. Previous papers1–4 have summarized the general ques- tions relevant to colour preference investiga- tions, introduced the investigations performed in the three participating labora-

10、 tories and discussed the details of the inves- tigations for office and home lighting. Preferred colour appearance plays an important role in many fields of life, not only in lighting the home or office environ- ment bu

11、t also in the shop environment.In the field of shop lighting, halogen and high intensity discharge lamps are said to be the traditional light sources. These traditional light sources are often manipulated with coloured f

12、ilters in supermarkets: At the meat counter light sources are quite often applied to make meat products look more attractive, but the same practice is also used with vegetables and fruits. In the field of fashion lightin

13、g, traditional light sources cause visual difficulties when distinguishing dark blue and real black textiles from each other because of the lack of power in the 400–500 nm wave- length region. Custer et al.5 have investi

14、gated the role of lighting in creating an ambience in retail environments. In that study, the authors analysed 57 mid-segment fashion stores by linking descriptions of lighting attributes (e.g. brightness, contrast, glar

15、e and sparkle) by independent experts with measurements of the perceived atmosphere (e.g. cosiness,Address for correspondence: F Szabo ´ , University of Pannonia, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information

16、 Systems, Egyetem str. 10., H-8200 Veszpre ´ m, Hungary. E-mail: szabof@szafeonline.huLighting Res. Technol. 2015; 0: 1–21? The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers 2015 10.1177/1477153515573042at SA

17、INT JOHNS UNIV on April 21, 2015 lrt.sagepub.com Downloaded from XML Template (2015) [19.2.2015–6:23pm] [1–21] //blrnas3.glyph.com/cenpro/ApplicationFiles/Journals/SAGE/3B2/LRTJ/Vol00000/150007/APPFile/SG-LRTJ150007.3d (

18、LRT) [PREPRINTER stage]improve the chroma of the objects. While CRI punishes an increase in chroma (since it increases the colour difference compared to that under the reference illuminant), the preference index of the c

19、olour quality scale10(CQS) metric punishes the light source only in the case that the chroma of test colours decreases or the hue of test colours shifts under the test illuminant. As increases in sample set gamut are clo

20、sely related to increases of chroma, the latter can also be achieved by optimizing light source spectra for the feeling of contrast index11(FCI). In the case of fashion stores, the colour harmony impression of the custom

21、er often has a significant effect on the decision to purchase. In these cases, the light source spectrum can be optimized according to the Harmony Rendering Index.123. Small-scale acceptance study3.1 Basic setup A small-

22、scale study has been carried out for four categories of test samples: colour textiles, vegetables and fruits, meat products and bakery products. The categories represented objects commonly found in a retail environ- ment

23、. Each category has different require- ments for the spectral distribution of the illumination. The experimental setup con- sisted of two colour boxes with adjustable illumination spectrum. Each box was lit to an illumin

24、ance of 500 lx. The size of each box was 50 cm?50 cm?50 cm and it was observed from a distance of 150 cm. The position of the head of the observer was kept in place by a chin rest in the eye tracking system. The setup of

25、 the experimental environment including the eye tracking system in the lower left corner and the colour boxes in the upper right part is shown in Figure 1. Each category contained four objects to be evaluated for prefere

26、nce for different colours, individually, in the double lighting booth. Forexample, the textile category contained a red, blue, brown and light green sample. It may happen that under a certain SPD the appear- ance of the

27、red patch is preferred but at the same time the appearance of the blue patch is disliked. Therefore, the experiments regarding preference have been conducted on each object in the scenario individually. Figure 2 and Tabl

28、e 1 show an overview of the four categories with the four different objects in each category. Each category was illuminated by light of four different SPDs. The first SPD was always the traditionally used conventional li

29、ght source. The other three SPDs were realized with a customized mixture of LEDs. The objects were evaluated in two ways: according to subjective/explicit and behav- ioural/implicit users’ preference. During the explicit

30、 investigation, the observers sat down in front of the double lighting booth and had to make a judgment: under which light are the objects more preferred? This paired compari- son was evaluated using the Bradley– Terry–L

31、uce13 scaling which is identical to the Thurstone approach with a simple logistic function. During the implicit investigation, the eye tracker system was used together with a heat map analysis. These investigations evalu

32、ated the attention of the different spec- tra generated for the different product cate- gories. The eye tracker system recorded the location of the test person’s view and the duration of fixation times over all subjects

33、was accumulated. This identified what the users were paying attention to. Tables 2 and 3 show the four different SPDs which were used to illuminate each of the four different categories. The SPDs have been optimized acco

34、rding to different colour rendering and colour quality metrics as listed in Table 4. The acceptance study was done by 47 persons, 22 females and 25 males. Their ages were between 19 and 47 years (mean: 30.7 years). Older