建筑施工安全監(jiān)理 外文翻譯--中國糟糕的建筑安全管理識別元素（英文）

1、Identifying elements of poor construction safety management in ChinaC.M. Tam a,*, S.X. Zeng a,b, Z.M. Deng aa Department of Building and Construction, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong

2、b Aetna School of Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR ChinaReceived 9 April 2002; received in revised form 23 April 2003; accepted 12 May 2003AbstractConstruction is one of the most hazardous industrie

3、s due to its unique nature. Measured by international standards, construction site safety records in China are poor. This paper aims to examine the status of safety management in the Chinese construction industry, explor

4、e the risk-prone activities on construction sites, and identify factors affecting construction site safety. The findings reveal that the behavior of contractors on safety management are of grave concern, including the la

5、ck of provision of personal protection equipment, regular safety meetings, and safety training. The main factors affecting safety performance include ?poor safety awareness of top management?, ?lack of training?, ?poor s

6、afety awareness of project managers?, ?reluctance to input resources to safety? and ?reckless operations?. The study also proposes that the government should play a more critical role in stricter legal enforcement and or

7、ganizing safety training programs. ? 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Construction; Occupational accident; Safety; Factor analysis1. IntroductionAll over the world, construction is one of the most hazardo

8、us industries due to its unique nature (Jannadi and Bu-Khamsin, 2002). Construction safety is always a grave concern for both practitioners and researchers. A number of causes influencing safety performance in the constr

9、uction industry have been identified that include* Corresponding author. Tel.: +852-2788-7609; fax: +852-2788-7612. E-mail address: bctam@cityu.edu.hk (C.M. Tam).0925-7535/$ - see front matter ? 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All ri

10、ghts reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2003.09.001Safety Science 42 (2004) 569–581www.elsevier.com/locate/sscistruction markets and construction institutions, and monitoring construction safety. The role of the central Minist

11、ry is mirrored by the provincial construction depart- ments and those of the independent municipalities. They are charged with the re- sponsibility for construction safety (see Fig. 1). Under powers in the relevant legis

12、lation on construction safety, such as ?Con- struction Law?, ?Inspection Standards for Construction Safety? and ?Inspection Standards for Labour Protection in Construction Enterprises?, the Ministry of Construction annua

13、lly hires about 50 safety auditors to conduct nationwide safety audits. The scope of the audits includes the safety management system of the con- struction firms, labour protection measures, safety pitfalls on constructi

14、on sites and so on in different provinces or major cities.2.2. Safety management system of construction firmsProtection of labour from occupational diseases and accidents in the construction industry of China is defined

15、by law; for example, for construction sites having 50 employees or more, main contractors have to nominate a full-time safety inspector; for sites with an area exceeding 10,000 m2 there must be 2–3 safety inspectors; whe

16、rever the site exceeds 50,000 m2, the main contractor has to establish a safety management team.2.3. Construction project supervisors’ inspection on safetySince 1989 China has begun adopting the ?Construction Supervision

17、 Scheme?. One of the project-supervisor engineer?s responsibilities is to monitor construction safety.C.M. Tam et al. / Safety Science 42 (2004) 569–581 Department of Construction Management(Ministry of Construction)Divi

18、sion of Construction Management (Department of Construction of provinces and independent municipalities) Division of Construction Management (Department of Construction of counties and cities)Construction firms (Contrac