硅酸鈉繁衍物的制備、改性及性能研究.pdf

1、摘要中文摘要本文從工業(yè)硅酸鈉出發(fā)，通過調(diào)節(jié)模數(shù)(Si02和Na20的摩爾比)，制備了五水偏硅酸鈉、層狀結(jié)晶二硅酸鈉和二氧化硅等硅酸鈉繁衍物，研究了繁衍物的結(jié)構(gòu)、性能及改性。采用溶液結(jié)晶法制備五水偏硅酸鈉，通過優(yōu)化工藝和加入添加劑等方法，縮短了結(jié)晶周期和提高了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，利用FTIR、TGA和化學(xué)分析法對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行表征及組成測(cè)定，結(jié)果表明產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量達(dá)到優(yōu)等品級(jí)別；采用直接溶液焙燒法，制備函層狀結(jié)晶二硅酸鈉，利用FTIR、WXRD和SEM表征產(chǎn)品

2、的結(jié)構(gòu)和形態(tài)，測(cè)定了鈣、鎂離子交換能力和抗酸能力等性能，并通過鋁鹽和十六烷基三甲基溴化銨(CTMAB)復(fù)合改性，提高了產(chǎn)品的水熱穩(wěn)定性；通過使用干燥控制劑與常壓共沸蒸餾結(jié)合的方法制備二氧化硅氣凝膠，利用FTIR、WXRD、SEM和BET測(cè)試產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)、形態(tài)與性能，研究了影響因素和最佳工藝條件，獲得了孔容22mFg、比表面779m2／g的大孔容高比表面的二氧化硅氣凝膠；采用以水為介質(zhì)的濕法改性對(duì)沉淀二氧化硅濾餅進(jìn)行表面改性，得到可在有機(jī)介

3、質(zhì)中分散的超細(xì)二氧化硅，利用FTIR、TGA、WXRD和SEM表征產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)和形態(tài)，測(cè)定了吸油值、疏水性和分散性等性能，并考察了改性條件與影響產(chǎn)品性能的因素。關(guān)鍵詞：硅酸鈉，五水偏硅酸鈉，層狀結(jié)晶二硅酸鈉，二氧化硅，制備，改性，性能r，弋AbstractAbstractInthispaperthederivativesofsodiumsilicate，includingsodiummetasilicatepentahydrate，sod

4、iumdisilicatelayeredcrystal，andsilicawerepreparedbyadjustingthemodulus(themolarratioofSi02andNa20)fromtheindustrialsodiumsilicatefollowedbythestudyonthestructure，performanceandmodificationofthederivativesSodiummetasilica

5、tepentahydratewaspreparedbyanaqueouscrystallizationmethodTheoptimizedproceduretogetherwiththeadditionofadditivewasappliedtoshortthecrystallizationcycleandimprovethequalityofproductTheobtainedproductWascharacterizedbyFTIR

6、TGAandthemeasurementofcomponent，showingaqualityofproductuptosuperiorgradeThepreparationofJsodiumdisilicatelayeredcrystalWasconductedbydirectcalcinationofsolutionofsodiumsilicateThestructureandmorphologyoftheproductwerech

7、aracterizedbyFTIRWXRDandSEMandtheCa、Mgionicexchangingcapacityandtheanti—acidabilitywereinvestigatedThehydrothermalstabilityoftheproductWasimprovedthroughthecompositemodificationofaluminumandCTMABSilicaaerogelwaspreparedu

8、singdryingcontrolagentandatmosphericazeotropicdistillation，followedbYthecharacterizationofFTIRWXRD，SEMandBETAsilicaaerogelwith22ml／gofporevolumeand779m2／gofsurfaceareawasobtainedundertheoptimizedprocessThewetsurfacemodif

9、icationinaqueousmediumWasadoptedtomodifythefiltercakeofprecipitatedsilicaandtheultrafinesilicawasobtainedmadcouldbedispersedinorganicmediumTheobtainedproductwascharacterizedusingFTIR，TGWXRDandSEMfollowedbythetestofhydroh

10、obicitydispersivecapacityandoilabsorptionvalueTheeffectofthemodifiedconditionsandotherfactorsonthequalityofproductwasalsostudiedKeywords：sodiumsilicate，sodiummetasilicatepentahydrate，sodiumdisilicatelayeredcrystal，silica