納米炭粉的制備及結(jié)構(gòu)性能的表征.pdf

1、大連理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文納米炭粉的制備及結(jié)構(gòu)性能的表征姓名：孟秀英申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：化學(xué)工藝指導(dǎo)教師：王同華20061201納米炭粉的制備及結(jié)構(gòu)性能的表征ThePreparationandCharacterizationofNanoCarbonPowdersAbstractNanopowdersarethepowderswiththesizeofnomorethan10011111Owingtotheextremelysmalld

2、imensions，nanomaterialsarestructurallycharacterizedbyaJargev01umefractionofgrainboundariesorinterphaseboundarieswhichexhibitsomeuniquestructuralcharacteristicsandpropertiescomparedtOtheconventionalmaterialsWiththedevelop

3、mentofscienceandtechnologynanomaterialsplayanimportantroleinthesocietyandarewidelyappliedinmanyfields，suchasinformation，manufacturingbiotechnologyandagricultureetcNanocarbonpowdersarcthenewturbostraticcarbonmaterialsandh

4、avebroadprospectsincatalysisanditssupports，functionalceramics，binderstationaryphasesforchromatography，electrodematerialsandproducerTherefore，itismuchconcernedtopreparenano—carbonpowderswithinterestingandusefulpropertiesI

5、nthispaperThenanocarbonpowderswerepreparedbysolgelmethod，inwhichthecoaltarpitchwasfirstoxidizedintoaqua—mesophasepitch(AMP)bymixturesofconcentratedsulfuricacidandnitricacid，andthentheAMPWasdissolvedinaqueoussolutionofamm

6、oniahydroxidetoformthecarbonaceoushydrogetwhichWasdirectlyexchangedwithethanoltemovewateranddriedbydifferentdryingmethodstemperatureAftercarbonizationat950“C，thenanocarbonpOwderswereobtainedPreparationandperformanceanaly

7、sisofAMPWasinvestigatedbyoxidationwithmixturesofconcentratedsulfuricacidandnitricacidTheeffectsofoxidationconditions，suchasrawmaterials，temperature，reactiontimeandstirringvelocity，ontheyieldsandpropertiesofAMPwerestudied

8、indetailTheeffectofdryingmediaandmethodsofwetgel“onthenanocarbonpowdersyieldandpropertiesWasalsoinvestigatedTheAMP，theprimarynanocarbonpowdersandtheirheattreatedproductswerecharacterizedbyFFIR，TG，XRDandTEMmethodsMechanis

9、msofoxidationarediscussedbrieflyTheresultsshowthatoxidationconditionsgreatlyaffecttheyieldsandpropertiesofAMPThereactionssuchasnitrationoxidationandsulfonationmainlyhappenduringthereactionsofcoaltarpitchwitllmixingacidsT

10、hepyrolysisoftheprimarynanocarbonpowdersCanbedividedintofourstages，includingremovalofdryingmediaandwaterpre—thermoldecomposition，thermoldecompositionandrearrangementofcarbonstructureThedifferentdryingmethodsandmediasofwe