農(nóng)藥對地下水的污染影響與環(huán)境行為研究.pdf

1、南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學碩士學位論文農(nóng)藥對地下水的污染影響與環(huán)境行為研究姓名：何利文申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：環(huán)境科學指導教師：宗良綱石利利20060601摘要ASTUDYToGRoUNDⅥ，ATERPoLLUTIoNANDENVIRoNMENTALBEHAVIoRSoFPESTICIDESABSTRACTPesticidepollutiontogroundwaterhasbecomeahotspotaroundtheworldTheeffectin

2、gfactorsonleachingofcarbofuranandatrazine，suchassoilmatrix，watercontentinsoil，rainfall，macropore，andSOon，werestudiedinlaboratoryAtthesametime，thedegradationbehaviorsofhexaconazoleandpropoxurwerestudiedaccordingtorelatedt

3、estguidelinefromUSEPAandOECDThesecanprovideUSalleffectivewaytodefendorcontrolthegroundwaterpollutionTheresultshowedthattheproportionsofthedetectedphoratewas34，3％in102groundwatersamplesfromFujianprovinceinJuly2004Itsconce

4、ntrationwas0008—2238“gL～，and157％ofthemwerehigherthan01ggL1Carbofuranandatrazineweredetectedin15samples，thedetectingratewereboth147％，andtheirconcentrationwereO1～91and0007～0062PgL1respectivelyItshowedthatgroundwaterinthisa

5、reawaspollutedinsomedegreeResultsshowedthatleachingspeedofcarbofuranandatrazinewaslowerinHenanfiuvo—aquicsoilthaninTajhupaddysoilsinlaboratoryThehigherthecontentsofsoilorganicmatterandclayparticles，thestrongerthepesticid

6、esadsorbedbythesoil，thelesslikelythepesticidesgetleachedwithwater；andthemoresoilmacropores，themoreleachablethepesticidesinthesoilcolumnsMoreoversynergywasobservedbetweenadjacentmacroporesThecontentsofthepesticidesinthele

7、achatesfromthesoilcolumnsinsertedwith4strainghtporousglasstubeswere27timesasmuchasthosefromthesoilcolumnsinsertedwithonly2straightglasstubes，and10timesasmuchasthosefromthesoilcolumnswithoutglasstubesWhenstraightglasstube

8、swerereplacedbytortuose(60。)glasstubes，morepesticidesremainedinthesoilcolumnduetoweakenedleachabilityThe11igherthesolubilityofthepesticidethemoreleachableinthesamesoilcolumnnephotodegradationofhexaconazolefollowfirstrate

9、equationunderl000WXelampItshalf_lifewas608min(101h)Under25℃thehydrolysishalf1ifeofhexaconazoIewas178d，23ldand346dwhenitspHvalueWas57and9，respectively，Butitwas139d，178dand277dunder50℃，respectivelyThehalglifeofhexaconazole