成本最簡模式下的近代化——上海近代石印書業(yè)研究(1878-1956)_6842.pdf

1、復(fù)旦大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文成本最簡模式下的近代化上海近代石印書業(yè)研究（18781956）姓名：許靜波申請學(xué)位級別：博士專業(yè)：專門史指導(dǎo)教師：熊月之20120318ABSTRACTShanghai’SmodemstonelithographyindustryoriginatedfromMedhurst’SLondonMissionarySocietyMissionPressinthe23thyearofDaoguang，QingDynastyi

2、n1843，andformallystartedinDianshiPressinthe4thyearofGuangxuin1978Itbegantodeclinewhenimperialexaminationsystemwasabolishedinthe31thyearofGuangxuin1905andfinallyendedin1956’SprivateandpublicjointoperationactivitiesItsdeve

3、lopmenthadpastthreedynasties，fromthelateQingDynastytotheRepublic，andPeople’SRepublicofChinaTheinnerlogicconnectionsofthemwerethemodemcharacteristicsofShanghai’Sstonelithographyindustry：comprehensive，privateandprofitabili

4、tyAsweknowletterpressprintingtechnologyandstonelithographytechnologywereintroducedtoChinaapproximatelyatthesanletimeAlthoughsomefactorsaffectedtheircomparablydegreeofstrength，forexample，variationsofepochfeature，consumerp

5、referenceandcapitalinput，thetechnologicalfactorWasthedecisiveelementoftheircompetitiveadvantageOVerthehundredyearsFortheprintingspeedaspect，stonelithographywasroughlythesame麗tllletterpressprintinginthelateQingDynastyunti

6、lthePublicDynastyBeforetheapplicationofphotographictechnologystonelithographyonlyhadtwoprintingwaysanticalligraphyandtransfercalligraphywhichWasobviouslylessconveniencethantheletterpressprintingYet，afterintroducingphotog

7、raphictechnologytostonelithographyitsplatemakingspeedhadexceededletterpressprintingNevertheless，atthebeginningofthe20thcenturyletterpressprintingintroducedsomeadvancedduplicatetechnologiessuch硒advancedtypefoundingmachine

8、whichgreatlyincreasedthequantityofChinesematrixesTherefore，itmadeletterpressprintingkeepingcompetitiveadvantageagainststonelithographyShanghai’SmodemstonelithographyindustryWasmadeupofnumerousmiddleorsmallscalestonelitho

9、graphypressesAndShanghailithographyassociation(shuyegongsuo)wasthetraditionalpressindustryguideorganizationwhichdealtwithcompetitionconflictsandmutualinterestaffairsMoreoverthelithographybusinessgroupwhichwascomposedbySh

10、anghailithographyassociationmemberswasthefirstbusinessgroupamongalleverywalkoflifeinShanghaiDuringtheRepublicDynastyShanghai’Smodemstonelithographyindustrybrokeoutmanystrikes，but、)l，imthecoordinationofShanghailithography

11、association，mostofthemweresolvedpeacefullyThecontentsofShanghai’Smodernstonelithographywereverywidewhichincludedwesternliterature，economic，historymedicine，divination，astrologynovels，celebrities’personalletters，folktales，

12、fiddleballads，lyricsandSOonItcouldbesaidthatinmodernShanghai，stonelithographybookswerebroadlycirculatedamongallclassesofpeopleInthestrongtransformationtideofmodemChinamainlytworeforlntypesexistedinprintingindustryThefirs

13、toneWasaradicalreform，forinstance，theletterpressprintingindustryStrongfinancesupport，broadintellectuals’participation，continuoustechnologyandoperationinnovationsallhadmadegreatcontributionstoitsleadershipintheindustryThe