plc應(yīng)用于電梯的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)外文資料翻譯

1、<p>　　中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)長(zhǎng)城學(xué)院</p><p>　　本科畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯</p><p>　　系 別： 信息工程系 </p><p>　　專 業(yè)： 電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化 </p><p>　　姓 名： 孫晨剛 </p><p>　　學(xué)

2、 號(hào)： 04309312 </p><p>　　2013年 3 月 18 日</p><p><b>　　外文資料翻譯譯文</b></p><p>　　PLC應(yīng)用于電梯的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)</p><p>　?。≒LC）是以計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)為核心的通用自動(dòng)控制裝置，在各行各業(yè)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。在電梯行業(yè)

3、中，PLC的作用得到了充分的體現(xiàn)。本文介紹了PLC控制的五層電梯模型的構(gòu)成、主要功能、PLC的I/O接口分配、PLC的編程方法及對(duì)電梯系統(tǒng)的程序設(shè)計(jì)等。通過對(duì)電梯控制系統(tǒng)的程序設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了電梯的開關(guān)門控制以及在電梯運(yùn)行方式下電梯的呼叫顯示、上下行、起動(dòng)、延時(shí)關(guān)門、平層、?？块_門、信號(hào)排隊(duì)、順向截梯和報(bào)警等控制功能。通過對(duì)軟件程序的編譯、硬件的連接以及電梯模型與PLC控制系統(tǒng)的聯(lián)調(diào)，使得控制系統(tǒng)在電梯模型運(yùn)行過程中直觀的體現(xiàn)出來，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)

4、電梯功能的控制。 </p><p>　　21世紀(jì)將會(huì)發(fā)展多用途、全功能的塔式建筑，超高速電梯繼續(xù)成為研究方向。曳引式超高速電梯的研究繼續(xù)在采用超大容量電動(dòng)機(jī)、高性能的微處理器、減振技術(shù)、新式滾輪導(dǎo)靴和安全鉗、永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)、轎廂氣壓緩解和噪聲抑制系統(tǒng)等方面推進(jìn)。采用直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的電梯也有較大研究空間。未來超高速電梯舒適感會(huì)有明顯提高。</p><p>　　電梯是標(biāo)志現(xiàn)代物質(zhì)文明的垂直運(yùn)輸工

5、具、是機(jī)—電一體化的復(fù)雜運(yùn)輸設(shè)備。它涉及電子技術(shù)、機(jī)械工程、電力電子技術(shù)、微機(jī)技術(shù)、電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和土建工程等多個(gè)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。目前電梯的生產(chǎn)情況和使用數(shù)量已成為一個(gè)國(guó)家現(xiàn)代化程度的標(biāo)志之一。本次設(shè)計(jì)主要將可編程序控制器（PLC）和計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用到電梯的控制系統(tǒng)中去，以五層電梯為例來完成單臺(tái)電梯PLC控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案、組成及模塊化程序設(shè)計(jì)。通過三菱FX2N與計(jì)算機(jī)通信來實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電梯系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的控制。首先確定電梯類型為客貨兩用梯，電梯載重量為1

6、000千克，梯速為1.5米/秒，曳引電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速為1000轉(zhuǎn)/秒；再根據(jù)串聯(lián)阻抗前后電動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械特性，選擇合適的電梯速度控制曲線，實(shí)現(xiàn)電梯的交流調(diào)速；其次是電梯運(yùn)行控制部分設(shè)計(jì)，包括轎廂門控制電路、平層控制電路、顯示電路、集選控制電路、電梯消防運(yùn)行回路；輸入口計(jì)算點(diǎn)為58，輸出口計(jì)算點(diǎn)數(shù)為35，選用三菱FX2-80MRPLC型的PLC，并進(jìn)行了外圍接線設(shè)計(jì)；最后進(jìn)行軟件編程。</p><p>　　隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，高

7、層建筑的日益增多，電梯已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪胁豢扇鄙俅怪苯煌üぞ?。更好的滿足用戶的要求，開發(fā)出高安全性、高可靠性、高效、低能耗、乘坐舒適的電梯，是國(guó)內(nèi)外各電梯生產(chǎn)企業(yè)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)的主要目標(biāo)。其中電梯控制系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)是達(dá)到以上目標(biāo)的最重要途徑。 工業(yè)自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展為電梯控制系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)更新提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。不斷的將工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品引入到電梯控制中，是電梯行業(yè)技術(shù)開發(fā)最重要和最有效的手段。本文將可編程計(jì)算機(jī)控制器——PCC，這一

8、集計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、通訊技術(shù)、自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)為一體的工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域的新型工業(yè)控制裝置，應(yīng)用于電梯控制中。 在對(duì)我國(guó)電梯行業(yè)的技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的詳細(xì)分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本文采用B&R 2005 PCC作為電梯的主控制系統(tǒng)，完成了一個(gè)12層站集選控制客梯的硬件系統(tǒng)和軟件控制程序的設(shè)計(jì)，利用PCC自身所具備的邏輯運(yùn)算和數(shù)據(jù)處理功能，通過適當(dāng)增加輸入／輸出點(diǎn)和編制PCC控制程序，使本系統(tǒng)具有對(duì)電梯運(yùn)行進(jìn)行故障監(jiān)測(cè)和診斷的功能，并進(jìn)一步介紹了PCC控制

9、系統(tǒng)在電梯的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控中的應(yīng)用。</p><p>　　PLC（可編程控制器）作為一種工業(yè)控制微型計(jì)算機(jī)，它以其編程方便、操作簡(jiǎn)單尤其是它的高可控性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。它應(yīng)用大規(guī)模集成電路，微型機(jī)技術(shù)和通訊技術(shù)的發(fā)展成果，逐步形成了具有多種優(yōu)點(diǎn)和微型，中型，大型，超大型等各種規(guī)格的系列產(chǎn)品，應(yīng)用于從繼電器控制系統(tǒng)到監(jiān)控計(jì)算機(jī)之間的許多控制領(lǐng)域。隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，樓房越來越高，而電梯成為了高層樓

10、房的必須設(shè)備。電梯從手柄開關(guān)操縱電梯、按鈕控制電梯發(fā)展到了現(xiàn)在的群控電梯，為高層運(yùn)輸做出了不可磨滅的貢獻(xiàn)。PLC在電梯升降控制上的應(yīng)用主要體現(xiàn)在它的邏輯開關(guān)控制功能。由于PLC具有邏輯運(yùn)算，計(jì)數(shù)和定時(shí)以及數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出的功能。在電梯升降過程中，各種邏輯開關(guān)控制與PLC很好的結(jié)合，很好的實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)的控制。</p><p>　　可編程控制器是60年代末在美國(guó)首先出現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時(shí)叫可編程邏輯控制器PLC（Programmabl

11、eLogicController），目的是用來取代繼電器。以執(zhí)行邏輯判斷、計(jì)時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)等順序控制功能。提出PLC概念的是美國(guó)通用汽車公司。PLC的基本設(shè)計(jì)思想是把計(jì)算機(jī)功能完善、靈活、通用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)和繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)單易懂、操作方便、價(jià)格便宜等優(yōu)點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來，控制器的硬件是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、通用的。根據(jù)實(shí)際應(yīng)用對(duì)象，將控制內(nèi)容編成軟件寫入控制器的用戶程序存儲(chǔ)器內(nèi),使控制器和被控對(duì)象連接方便。 </p><p>　　70年代中期以

12、后，PLC已廣泛地使用微處理器作為中央處理器，輸入輸出模塊和外圍電路也都采用了中、大規(guī)模甚至超大規(guī)模的集成電路，這時(shí)的PLC已不再是僅有邏輯(Logic)判斷功能，還同時(shí)具有數(shù)據(jù)處理、PID調(diào)節(jié)和數(shù)據(jù)通信功能。國(guó)際電工委員會(huì)(IEC)頒布的可編程控制器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)草案中對(duì)可編程控制器作了如下的定義：可編程控制器是一種數(shù)字運(yùn)算操作的電子系統(tǒng)，專為在工業(yè)環(huán)境下應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)。它采用了可編程序的存儲(chǔ)器，用來在其內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)執(zhí)行邏輯運(yùn)算，順序控制、定時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)和

13、算術(shù)運(yùn)算等操作的指令，并通過數(shù)字式和模擬式的輸入和輸出，控制各種類型的機(jī)械或生產(chǎn)過程?？删幊炭刂破骷捌溆嘘P(guān)外圍設(shè)備，易于與工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)聯(lián)成一個(gè)整體，易于擴(kuò)充其功能的設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p>　　可編程控制器對(duì)用戶來說，是一種無觸點(diǎn)設(shè)備，改變程序即可改變生產(chǎn)工藝。目前，可編程控制器已成為工廠自動(dòng)化的強(qiáng)有力工具，得到了廣泛的普及推廣應(yīng)用。</p><p>　　可編程控制器是面向用戶的專用工業(yè)控制

14、計(jì)算機(jī)，具有許多明顯的特點(diǎn)。</p><p>　?、倏煽啃愿撸垢蓴_能力強(qiáng)；</p><p><b>　?、诰幊讨庇^、簡(jiǎn)單；</b></p><p><b>　?、圻m應(yīng)性好；</b></p><p>　　④功能完善，接口功能強(qiáng)。</p><p>　　PLC的最大特點(diǎn)在于：電氣

15、工程帥已不在電氣的硬件上花費(fèi)太多的心計(jì)，只要將按鈕開關(guān)或感應(yīng)器的輸入點(diǎn)連接到PLC的輸入點(diǎn)上就能解決問題，通過輸出點(diǎn)連接接觸或繼電器來控制人功率的啟動(dòng)設(shè)備，而小功率的輸出設(shè)備直接連接就可以。</p><p>　　PLC的內(nèi)部包含了具有中央處理器的CPU，并帶有外部I／O口擴(kuò)展的I／O接口地址和存儲(chǔ)器三大塊組成，CPU的核心是由一個(gè)或多個(gè)累加器組成，它們具有邏輯的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算能力，并能讀取程序存儲(chǔ)器的內(nèi)容通過計(jì)算后去馳

16、動(dòng)相府的存儲(chǔ)器和I／O接口；I／O口將內(nèi)部累加器和外部的輸入和輸出系統(tǒng)連接起來，并將利關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)存入程序存儲(chǔ)器或者數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器中：存儲(chǔ)器可以將I／O口輸入的數(shù)據(jù)存入存儲(chǔ)器中，并在工作時(shí)訓(xùn)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)到累加器和I／O接口上，存儲(chǔ)器分程序存儲(chǔ)器ROM和數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器RAM，ROM可以將數(shù)據(jù)永久的存入存儲(chǔ)器巾，而RAM只能作為CPU計(jì)算時(shí)臨時(shí)計(jì)算使用的緩沖空間。</p><p>　　PLC抗干擾是極其優(yōu)秀的，我們根本不用去關(guān)心它的使用

17、壽命和工作場(chǎng)合的惡劣，這些所自的問題已不再成為我們失敗的主題，而留給我們的是關(guān)心如何來利用PLC的內(nèi)部資源為我們加強(qiáng)設(shè)備的控制能力，使我們的設(shè)備更加的柔性。</p><p>　　PLC的語言并不是我們所想象的匯編語言或C語言來進(jìn)行編程，而是采用原有的繼電器控制的梯形圖，使得電氣工程師在編寫程序時(shí)很容易就理解了PLC的語言，而且很多的非電氣專業(yè)人士也對(duì)PLC很快認(rèn)識(shí)并深入。</p><p>

18、　　PLC在智能建筑電梯控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用</p><p>　　在20世紀(jì)80年代，第一座智能大廈在美國(guó)竣工，之后智能建筑引起了全世界的關(guān)注。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，智能建筑有著不同的含義。早期智能建筑被認(rèn)為是等同于智能大廈，但是現(xiàn)在智能建筑不僅涉及智能大廈，而且還涉及智能住宅小區(qū)。本文主要討論了智能建筑系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)：電梯控制系統(tǒng)。</p><p>　　智能住宅區(qū)內(nèi)企業(yè)的信息管理系統(tǒng)主要是負(fù)責(zé)涉

19、及到日常生活的事物，例如監(jiān)管住宅區(qū)內(nèi)的設(shè)備，車輛，處理緊急情況等等，電梯的監(jiān)管可控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)智能住宅區(qū)來說也是必須的。如何使人們感到安全，穩(wěn)定和舒適，以及如何節(jié)約能源資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境等是電梯控制系統(tǒng)的基本要求。</p><p>　　Plc可編程控制器是一種常見的工業(yè)控制設(shè)備，是一種特殊的工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī)，具有完善的功能和簡(jiǎn)單的框架。PLC具有強(qiáng)抗干擾能力等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，使得電梯工業(yè)一次又一次將PLC應(yīng)用與電梯控制系統(tǒng)，以取代傳

20、統(tǒng)的使用繼電器控制電梯系統(tǒng)。PLC在電梯控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用，減低了故障率，并有效地提高了電梯運(yùn)行的可靠性與安全性。本文主要論述了電梯控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理，系統(tǒng)的軟件和硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)方法等。</p><p>　　電梯控制系統(tǒng)工作原理說明如下：首先將使用者現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的輸入信息發(fā)送到plc中，然后plc控制裝置通過系統(tǒng)要求發(fā)出信號(hào)以驅(qū)動(dòng)外圍設(shè)備，然后電梯根據(jù)控制要求執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作，系統(tǒng)中的速度反饋裝置，采用的是測(cè)速裝置測(cè)出電梯運(yùn)行速度反饋

21、控制裝置，通常安裝在曳引電動(dòng)機(jī)的后面，所以該系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)反饋控制系統(tǒng)，可提高系統(tǒng)的控制精度。</p><p>　　電梯的PLC控制系統(tǒng)的接口電路不需要設(shè)計(jì)，我們要做的是將信號(hào)，包括梯內(nèi)外召喚信號(hào)，平層監(jiān)測(cè)信號(hào)，開門和關(guān)門信號(hào)等發(fā)送個(gè)plc的數(shù)字輸入端口。Plc中的直流電源，提供給指示燈。Plc的輸出點(diǎn)直接控制傳感器，以達(dá)到電動(dòng)機(jī)正傳和反轉(zhuǎn)，停機(jī)的目的。</p><p>　　此為，電梯控制系統(tǒng)

22、中除了plc和主要控制裝置外還包括其它的輸入和輸出裝置。</p><p>　　控制柜是整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)的核心部分，可以發(fā)送各種控制命令，通常安裝在電梯室內(nèi)。電氣設(shè)備和信號(hào)裝置。例如，接觸器，繼電器，電容，電阻，整流器和變壓器等，也都安裝在控制柜內(nèi)?？刂乒裰械碾娫词怯呻娞菔覂?nèi)的主電源提供。電梯室內(nèi)的主電源還通過由軟電纜做成的導(dǎo)線連接到各個(gè)控制按鈕。電動(dòng)機(jī)也是由它供電?？刂凭€和信號(hào)線分別接至各個(gè)樓層。</p>

23、<p>　　設(shè)計(jì)包括兩個(gè)部分：硬件和軟件。硬件設(shè)計(jì)是軟件設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)?？紤]到控制的要求相對(duì)復(fù)雜，我們按照控制功能將程序分塊。此外電梯還必須遵循以下調(diào)度原則：當(dāng)電梯上行時(shí)，任何反方向即下降的按鈕呼梯均無效；當(dāng)電梯下行途中，任何上升的按鈕呼梯均無效。順序功能圖SFC在設(shè)計(jì)過程中被采用，它廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)順序控制。順序功能圖SFC能夠詳細(xì)、直觀的描述系統(tǒng)的工作過程。</p><p>　　當(dāng)所有的順序功能圖都設(shè)

24、計(jì)完，I/O地址分配好，我們可以將順序功能圖SFC轉(zhuǎn)化成符號(hào)梯形圖（LD），考慮到嚴(yán)格的定時(shí)時(shí)間和互鎖，我們采用步來代表工作步驟。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)寫出各步的控制程序，通過限制條件來控制下一步的運(yùn)行，結(jié)束上一步，這樣就可以將各個(gè)步連接在一起。因此，實(shí)際輸出是這些步的邏輯組合。</p><p>　　該控制程序目前已完全調(diào)試。模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)闡述了該方案的設(shè)計(jì)方法是切實(shí)可行的，plc在電梯控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用是一個(gè)有效的方法。它可以使工業(yè)

25、管理中心的工作人員在遠(yuǎn)距離的控制中心就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電梯的監(jiān)測(cè)和控制，通過以太網(wǎng)個(gè)人專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如Lon Works，將電梯和控制中心連接起來，這樣一來電梯的工作狀況可以得到及時(shí)的監(jiān)視。這不但實(shí)現(xiàn)了電梯的科學(xué)集中管理，而且降低電梯維修費(fèi)用。</p><p><b>　　電梯控制系統(tǒng)</b></p><p>　　電梯的控制主要是指對(duì)電梯在運(yùn)行過程中的運(yùn)行方向、轎內(nèi)指令、層站召

26、喚、負(fù)載信號(hào)、樓層顯示、安全保護(hù)等指令信息進(jìn)行管理，操縱電梯實(shí)行每個(gè)控制環(huán)節(jié)的方式和手段。</p><p>　　電梯的用途不同，可以有不同的載荷，不同的速度及不同的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式和控制方式。即使相同用途的電梯，也可采用不同的操縱控制方式。但電梯不論使用何種控制方式，所要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)是相同的，即根據(jù)轎廂內(nèi)指令信號(hào)、層站召喚信號(hào)而自動(dòng)進(jìn)行邏輯判定，決定出哪一臺(tái)電梯接受信號(hào)，自動(dòng)定出電梯的運(yùn)行方向，并按照指令要求通過電氣自動(dòng)控

27、制系統(tǒng)完成預(yù)定的控制目的。</p><p><b>　　電梯控制系統(tǒng)分類</b></p><p>　　從控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法來看，電梯的控制系統(tǒng)經(jīng)歷了繼電器電梯控制、可編程序控制器（PC機(jī)）、單片微機(jī)控制、多微機(jī)控制多種形式，這些控制方式代表了不同時(shí)期電梯控制系統(tǒng)的主流，并且隨著大規(guī)模集成電路和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展而逐步推陳出新，這些控制系統(tǒng)在目前的在用電梯中都有存在。&l

28、t;/p><p>　　PLC控制系統(tǒng):PLC是可編程序控制器的簡(jiǎn)稱，它是一種數(shù)字運(yùn)算操作的電子系統(tǒng)。它采用可編程序的存儲(chǔ)器存儲(chǔ)執(zhí)行邏輯運(yùn)算、順序控制、定時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)和算術(shù)運(yùn)算等操作指令，并可通過數(shù)字式或模擬式輸入和輸出。</p><p>　　用PLC控制電梯的方法是，將電梯中發(fā)出的指令信號(hào)諸如基站的電源鑰匙、轎內(nèi)選層指令、層站召喚、各類安全開關(guān)、位置信號(hào)等都作為PLC的輸入，而將其它的執(zhí)行元件如接

29、觸器、繼電器、轎內(nèi)和層站指示燈、通訊設(shè)施等作為PLC的輸出部分。</p><p>　　根據(jù)電梯的操縱控制方式，確定程序的編制原則。程序設(shè)計(jì)可以按照繼電器邏輯控制電路的特點(diǎn)來完成，也可以完全脫離繼電器控制電路重新按電梯的控制功能進(jìn)行分段設(shè)計(jì)。前者程序設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，有現(xiàn)成的控制線路作依據(jù)，易掌握；后者可以使相同功能的程序集中在一起，程序占用量少。</p><p>　　PLC用于電梯的控制系統(tǒng)具有可

30、靠性高，穩(wěn)定性好；編程簡(jiǎn)單，使用方便；維護(hù)檢修方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。</p><p>　　現(xiàn)在PLC產(chǎn)品，品種齊全，已成系列化，輸入輸出點(diǎn)數(shù)從30點(diǎn)一直到8千多點(diǎn)乃至更多。完全可以滿足不同層高的電梯控制要求。</p><p><b>　　外文原文</b></p><p>　　PLC application in the development trend

31、 of the elevator</p><p>　　Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a common control device which use computer technology as a core, PLC gets a wide range of applications in all walks of life. In the elevator i

32、ndustry, PLC’s role has been fully expressed. This paper introduces the PLC-controlled model of a five-story elevator，include it’s composition, main function, the I/O interface distribution of the PLC, the PLC’s programm

33、ing methods and procedures design of the elevator system. With procedures design of the elevator co</p><p>　　The 21st century will develop multipurpose, full-featured tower building, ultra-high speed elevato

34、r continue to become the research direction. Traction type super-fast elevator research continues to super capacity motor, high performance by the microprocessor, damping technology, new roller guide boots and security c

35、lamp, permanent magnet synchronous motor, elevator car air pressure relief and noise suppression systems propulsion. Using the linear motor drive there is also a greater research spa</p><p>　　Elevator iWith

36、economic development, the increasing number of high-rise buildings, elevators have become indispensable in daily life the vertical transport. Better meet user requirements, development of high security, high reliability,

37、 high efficiency, low energy consumption, ride comfort of the elevator, the elevator is the domestic and foreign enterprises and research institutions the main objective.Elevator control system which was developed to ach

38、ieve these objectives, the most important way</p><p>　　PLC (programmable controller) takes one industrial control microcomputer, it is convenient by its programming, simplicity of operator its merits and so

39、on high controllability, obtained the widespread application particularly in the industrial production process. It applies the large scale integrated circuit, the miniature machine technology and the mechanics of communi

40、cation development achievement, formed gradually had many kinds of merits and miniature, medium, large-scale, the ultra-large ty</p><p>　　This article main discussion studies uses Simens in the S7-200 PLC to

41、 carry on the control to elevator's fluctuation, forms the lift control system.</p><p>　　PLC Introduction Programmable controller is the first in the late 1960s in the United States, then called Plc prog

42、rammable logic controller (ProgrammableLogicController) is used to replace relays. For the implementation of the logical judgement, timing, sequence number, and other control functions. The concept is presented Plc Gener

43、al Motors Corporation. Plc and the basic design is the computer functional improvements, flexible, generic and other advantages and relay control system simple and ea</p><p>　　PLC language is not we imagine

44、of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to cany on weaving the distance, but The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many c

45、alculationses of cost, as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or cont

46、rol the start equipments of t</p><p>　　PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU, and take to have an I/O for expand of exterior to connect a people's address and saving machine three big pieces t

47、o constitute, CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute,mathematics that they have the logic operation ability, and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homolog

48、ous saving machine and I/Os to</p><p>　　connect after pass the calculation; The I/O add inner part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link, and deposit the related data into the

49、 procedure saving machine or data saving machine; The saving machine can deposit</p><p>　　the data that the I/O input in the saving machine, and in work adjusting to become tired to add the machine and |10s

50、to connect, saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and datas, the ROM can can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine, but RAM only for the CPU</p><p&g

51、t;　　computes the temporary calculation usage of hour of buffer space.</p><p>　　The PLC anti- interference is very and excellent, our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad, these a

52、ll problems have already no longer become the topic that we fail, but stay to our is a concern to come to internal</p><p>　　resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipment

53、s for us, make our equipments more gentle. the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control, make the electrical</p><p>　　engineering teacher while weaving to writ

54、e the procedure very easy comprehended the PLC language, and a lot of non electricity professional also very quickly know</p><p>　　and go deep into to the PLC.</p><p>　　Application of PLC in th

55、e Elevator Control System of</p><p>　　Intelligence Building</p><p>　　In 1980s the first intelligence mansion had been completed in America, then intelligence building has been a broadly taken at

56、tentions by the whole world. The concept of intelligence building has been put different meanings along with the development of society. The early stage intelligence building had been thought that it is equal to the inte

57、lligence mansion, but now the intelligence building not only includes the intelligence mansions but also involves intelligence residential districts. This </p><p>　　In intelligence residential districts the

58、enterprise’s information managing system mainly takes charge of the things which related to the daily life, for example supervising the district equipments, managing vehicles, disposing critical situations and so on.The

59、elevator supervising and control system is also necessary to the intelligence residential districts. How to make people feel safe, stable and comfortable and how to save energy resources and protect environments and so o

60、n are the basic re</p><p>　　PLC is a common industry control device. It is a special industry control computer which has the perfect function and simple frame. The PLC strong ability in interference and so o

61、n makes the elevator industry one after another to apply the PLC to the elevator control system, in order to replace the relay being used in traditional elevator control system. The Application of PLC in the elevator con

62、trol system reduces the breakdown rate and efficiently improves the operating reliability of the elev</p><p>　　The Working Principles of Elevator Control System are stated as follows: The spot control inform

63、ation is send into the PLC from the customer input devices firstly, then the PLC control cabinet is required to send out the control signal to drive the equipments according to the system demands. The elevator can then p

64、erform the homologous action according to the control request. There are velocity feedback devices in system, which adopt measure velocity generators to provide the elevator velocities</p><p>　　It is not nec

65、essary to do interface circuit in the elevator’s PLC control system. What we should do is to send the signals to PLC digital input terminals. The signals include inside and outside calling signals, floor location inspect

66、ing signals, limiting location signals, opening and shutdown the elevator door signals etc. The DC power which is provided to PLC can be used as indicator light power. The PLC output points can be directly used to contro

67、l transducers for the purpose of electrical mot</p><p>　　Moreover, input and output devices are needed in elevator control system, besides the PLC, system’s major control device.</p><p>　　The co

68、ntrol cabinet is the control center, from which we can send out various control commands. The control cabinet often was installed in the elevator room. The electric devices and signal systems, for example the contactors,

69、 relays, capacitances, resistors, rectifiers and transformers etc, are centralized in the control cabinet. The Power of the control cabinet was imported from the chief power of the elevator room. This power was also intr

70、oduced into control panel by soft cables and was linke</p><p>　　The design includes two parts: hardware and software. The hardware design is the base of software. Considering that the control demands are rel

71、atively complex, we design the programs separately according to the control function. Furthermore, we follow the principle as follows: When the elevator is ascending, the ascending demands are prior to other demands.When

72、 the elevator is descending, the descending demands are prior to other demands. The Sequential Function Chart(SFC) is adopted during the </p><p>　　When all SFC are drawn and I/O address lists are presented,

73、we can convert the SFC to Ladder Diagram(LD). Considering the strict demands for time and for locked each other, we introduce working bits to remember working steps. We should write out the working bits control program,

74、which can link together each step and make the pervious step as the next step restriction condition. Thus the actual outputs are the logic combination of these working steps. </p><p>　　The system program has

75、 been debugged completely at present. Simulated experiment enunciates that the design method is viable. Application of PLC in the elevator control system is an effective method. It can make the personnel of the industry

76、management center to long-distance monitor and control the elevator in control center, to connect the elevator system with intelligence building industry management system by Ethernet or special-purpose network such as L

77、on Works. The elevator, but also can l</p><p>　　Lift control system</p><p>　　Lift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as running direction, car ca

78、ll, landing call, load signal, landing indication, safety protection.</p><p>　　Lifts in different applications have different load, speed and drive / control modes. Lifts in same application may also have d

79、ifferent control mode. Whatever control mode is adopted, the objective is the same, to be specific, according to car call and landing call, lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which li

80、ft will receive signal, which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective through electrical automatic system based on com</p><p>　　Types of lift control system </p><

81、p>　　Control system development chronicle indicates that there has appeared many control modes, such as such as relay control, PLC, single computer control, multiple-computer control. Prevailing in different era, thes

82、e control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development. </p><p>　　PLC control system</p><p>　　As abbreviation of programmable logic

83、 controller, PLC is an electronic system featuring digital computation. It adopts programmable EPROM to execute logic computation, order control, timing, number counting, arithmetic computation, besides, it can input an

84、d output through digital or analogy modes.</p><p>　　The mechanism of PLC control is as follows: input of PLC includes such command signals, as power key to home landing, car call, landing call, various safet

85、y switches, position signal, while output of PLC includes contactor, relay, indicators of car / landings and communication unit.ay, indicators inside car and switch, position signal, are input to PC, while other executi

86、ng com</p><p>　　Programming principle is determined by lift control mode. Programming can either be made according to relay logic control circuit or individually in different phases according to lift contro

87、l functions after completely separating from relay control circuit. Based on the ready made control circuit, the former is simple and easy to master, while the latter involves less programs by integrating programs of sm

88、all function.</p><p>　　Used in lift control system, PLC has such advantages, as high reliability, stability, easy programming, user-friendliness, convenient maintenance & inspection. </p><p>