畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)---二級(jí)圓柱斜齒齒輪減速器

1、<p><b>　　XX學(xué)院</b></p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)說明書</b></p><p>　　課 題： 二級(jí)圓柱斜齒齒輪減速器 </p><p>　　子課題: </p><

2、p>　　同課題學(xué)生姓名: </p><p>　　專 業(yè) </p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名 </p><p>　　班 級(jí) </p><p>　　學(xué) 號(hào) </p><p>　　指

3、導(dǎo)教師 </p><p>　　完成日期 </p><p>　　二級(jí)圓柱斜齒齒輪減速器</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　減速器是各類機(jī)械設(shè)備中廣泛應(yīng)用的傳動(dòng)裝置。減速器設(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)劣直接影響機(jī)械設(shè)備的傳動(dòng)性能。 減速器是原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)之間的

4、獨(dú)立的閉式傳動(dòng)裝置，用來降低轉(zhuǎn)速和增大轉(zhuǎn)矩，以滿足工作需要，在某些場(chǎng)合也用來增速，稱為增速器?！　∵x用減速器時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)工作機(jī)的選用條件，技術(shù)參數(shù)，動(dòng)力機(jī)的性能，經(jīng)濟(jì)性等因素，比較不同類型、品種減速器的外廓尺寸，傳動(dòng)效率，承載能力，質(zhì)量，價(jià)格等，選擇最適合的減速器。 </p><p>　　減速器的類別、品種、型式很多，目前已制定為行（國）標(biāo)的減速器有40余種。減速器的類別是根據(jù)所采用的齒輪齒形、齒廓曲線劃分；減速器

5、的品種是根據(jù)使用的需要而設(shè)計(jì)的不同結(jié)構(gòu)的減速器；減速器的型式是在基本結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)齒面硬度、傳動(dòng)級(jí)數(shù)、出軸型式、裝配型式、安裝型式、聯(lián)接型式等因素而設(shè)計(jì)的不同特性的減速器。 </p><p>　　與減速器聯(lián)接的工作機(jī)載荷狀態(tài)比較復(fù)雜，對(duì)減速器的影響很大，是減速器選用及計(jì)算的重要因素，減速器的載荷狀態(tài)即工作機(jī)（從動(dòng)機(jī)）的載荷狀態(tài)，通常分為三類：　?、佟鶆蜉d荷;　　②—中等沖擊載荷;　?、邸獜?qiáng)沖擊載荷。&l

6、t;/p><p>　　由于編者水平有限，設(shè)計(jì)中有錯(cuò)誤與不當(dāng)之處在所難免，希望大家批評(píng)指正。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵字：減速器、齒輪、軸承、聯(lián)接</p><p>　　目 錄</p><p>　　摘要···········

7、····································

8、3;····································&#

9、183;···2</p><p>　　一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書····························

10、;····································

11、83;·····6</p><p>　　一、設(shè)計(jì)題目··························&

12、#183;····································

13、;·········6</p><p>　　二、原始數(shù)據(jù)······················

14、83;····································&

15、#183;············6</p><p>　　三、設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容和要求··················&#

16、183;····································

17、·······6</p><p>　　二、傳動(dòng)方案的擬定························&

18、#183;····································

19、;7</p><p>　　三、電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇·······························&

20、#183;··································7</p>

21、<p>　　1.選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的類型·································

22、;······························7</p><p>　　2.選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)功率·

23、····································

24、3;·····························7</p><p>　　3.確定電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速··

25、;····································

26、83;····························8</p><p><b>　　四、傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算 </b&

27、gt;</p><p>　　1. 總傳動(dòng)比·······························&

28、#183;····································

29、;·····8</p><p>　　2. 分配傳動(dòng)比··························&

30、#183;····································

31、;·······8</p><p>　　五、傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算</p><p>　　1.各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速··················

32、;····································

33、83;·····················8</p><p>　　2.各軸功率計(jì)··········

34、····································

35、3;·····························8</p><p>　　3.各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩··&#

36、183;····································

37、····································

38、3;····9</p><p>　　六、 傳動(dòng)件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</p><p>　　一、高速級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算····················&#

39、183;···························9</p><p>　　1.選擇材料、熱處理方式和公差等級(jí)··&

40、#183;····································

41、;······9</p><p>　　2.初步計(jì)算傳動(dòng)的主要尺寸························&#

42、183;·································9</p><p

43、>　　3.確定傳動(dòng)尺寸··································&#

44、183;····································

45、··10</p><p>　　4.校核齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度····························

46、83;································11</p><p>　　

47、5.計(jì)算齒輪傳動(dòng)其他幾何尺寸··································&#

48、183;·················12</p><p>　　二、低速級(jí)圓柱齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</p><p>　　1.選擇材料、熱處理方式和公差等級(jí)······

49、;····································

50、83;···12</p><p>　　2.初步計(jì)算傳動(dòng)的主要尺寸···························

51、;································13</p><p>　　3.

52、確定傳動(dòng)尺寸···································

53、3;····································&#

54、183;··15</p><p>　　4.校核齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度····························

55、;··································16</p>&

56、lt;p>　　5.計(jì)算齒輪傳動(dòng)其他幾何尺寸································

57、3;····················17</p><p>　　七、齒輪上作用力的計(jì)算··········&#

58、183;····································

59、··········17</p><p>　　1.高速級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的作用力····················&#

60、183;····································

61、···17</p><p>　　2.低速級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的作用力···························&#

62、183;································18</p><p>　

63、　八、減速器裝配草圖的設(shè)計(jì)··································

64、83;···················19</p><p>　　九、軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算···········

65、3;····································&#

66、183;··················19</p><p>　　一、高速軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算············

67、····································

68、3;···········19</p><p>　　1.已知條件····················&

69、#183;····································

70、;···················19</p><p>　　2.選擇軸的材料············

71、····································

72、3;·····················19</p><p>　　3.初算軸徑··········&

73、#183;····································

74、;·····························19</p><p>　　4.結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)··&#

75、183;····································

76、····································

77、3;20</p><p>　　5.鍵連接·······························&#

78、183;····································

79、············21</p><p>　　6.軸的受力分析···················&

80、#183;····································

81、;···············22</p><p>　　7.校核軸的強(qiáng)度················

82、····································

83、3;··················23</p><p>　　8.校核鍵連接的強(qiáng)度············

84、83;····································&

85、#183;···············23</p><p>　　二、中間軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算···············

86、;····································

87、83;············24</p><p>　　1.已知條件···················

88、····································

89、3;·······················24</p><p>　　2.選擇軸的材料········

90、;····································

91、83;···························24</p><p>　　3.初算軸徑····

92、····································

93、3;····································&#

94、183;·24</p><p>　　4.結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)······························

95、;····································

96、83;·············24</p><p>　　5.鍵連接··················&

97、#183;····································

98、;····························25</p><p>　　6.軸的受力分析···

99、····································

100、3;·································25</p><p&

101、gt;　　7.校核軸的強(qiáng)度··································

102、83;····································&

103、#183;·28</p><p>　　8.校核鍵連接的強(qiáng)度·····························

104、····································

105、3;·28</p><p>　　三、低速軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算·····························&#

106、183;···································29<

107、/p><p>　　1.已知條件································

108、83;····································&

109、#183;···········29</p><p>　　2.選擇軸的材料···················&#

110、183;····································

111、···················29</p><p>　　3.初算軸徑············

112、83;····································&

113、#183;·······························29</p><p>　　4.結(jié)構(gòu)

114、設(shè)計(jì)····································&#

115、183;····································

116、········30</p><p>　　5.鍵連接·······················

117、3;····································&#

118、183;·······················31</p><p>　　6.軸的受力分析·······

119、83;····································&

120、#183;······························31</p><p>　　7.校核軸的強(qiáng)度&#

121、183;····································

122、····································

123、3;·32</p><p>　　8.校核鍵連接的強(qiáng)度·····························

124、83;····································&

125、#183;··33</p><p>　　十、減速器箱體的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸···························

126、3;······························33</p><p>　　十一、潤滑油的選擇與計(jì)算&

127、#183;····································

128、;···················34</p><p>　　十二、裝配圖和零件圖···········

129、3;····································&#

130、183;···············35</p><p>　　致謝················

131、83;····································&

132、#183;····································

133、;·····36</p><p>　　參考文獻(xiàn)··························

134、3;····································&#

135、183;························37</p><p><b>　　一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書</b></p><p>

136、　　一、設(shè)計(jì)題目：設(shè)計(jì)二級(jí)圓柱斜齒齒輪減速器</p><p>　　設(shè)計(jì)熱處理車間零件清洗用傳送設(shè)備。該傳送設(shè)備的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)由電動(dòng)機(jī)—減速器—運(yùn)輸帶組成。每日二班制工作，工作期限為8年。運(yùn)輸帶允許最大誤差為。傳送見圖如圖1所示。</p><p><b>　　（圖1）</b></p><p><b>　　二、原始數(shù)據(jù)：</b>&

137、lt;/p><p>　　三、設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容和要求：</p><p>　　1. 編寫設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說明書一份，其內(nèi)容通常包括下列幾個(gè)方面：</p><p>　?。?）傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方案的分析和擬定以及減速器類型的選擇；</p><p>　　（2）電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇與傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算；</p><p>　?。?）傳動(dòng)零件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算；<

138、;/p><p>　?。?）軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算；</p><p>　　（5）軸承及其組合部件設(shè)計(jì)；</p><p>　?。?）鍵聯(lián)接和聯(lián)軸器的選擇及校核；</p><p>　?。?）減速器箱體，潤滑及附件的設(shè)計(jì)；</p><p>　?。?）裝配圖和零件圖的設(shè)計(jì)；</p><p><b>　?。?）

139、校核；</b></p><p>　?。?0）軸承壽命校核；</p><p><b>　?。?1）設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié)；</b></p><p><b>　　（12）參考文獻(xiàn)；</b></p><p><b>　?。?3）致謝。</b></p><p>　

140、　2. 要求每個(gè)學(xué)生完成以下工作：</p><p>　　（1）減速器裝配圖一張（0號(hào)或一號(hào)圖紙）</p><p>　?。?）零件工作圖二張（輸出軸及該軸上的齒輪），圖號(hào)自定，比例1︰1。</p><p>　?。?）設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說明書一份。</p><p><b>　　二、傳動(dòng)方案的擬定</b></p><

141、p><b>　　運(yùn)動(dòng)簡圖如下：</b></p><p><b>　?。▓D2）</b></p><p>　　1-帶傳動(dòng) 2-電動(dòng)機(jī) 3-減速器 4-聯(lián)軸器 5-輸送帶 6-輸送帶 </p><p>　　由圖可知，該設(shè)備原動(dòng)機(jī)為電動(dòng)機(jī)，傳動(dòng)裝置為減速器，工作機(jī)為型砂運(yùn)輸設(shè)備。</p><p&

142、gt;　　減速器為展開式圓柱齒輪的二級(jí)傳動(dòng)，軸承初步選用深溝球軸承。</p><p><b>　　三、電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇</b></p><p><b>　　電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇見表1</b></p><p>　　四、傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算及分配</p><p>　　傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算及分配見表2</p><

143、p>　　五、傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算</p><p>　　傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算見表3</p><p><b>　　傳動(dòng)件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</b></p><p>　　一、減速器外傳動(dòng)件的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　減速器外傳動(dòng)只有帶傳動(dòng)，故只需對(duì)待傳動(dòng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。帶傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算見表4</p>&l

144、t;p>　　二、減速器內(nèi)傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</p><p>　　高速級(jí)斜齒圓柱齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算見表5 </p><p>　　二、低速級(jí)斜齒圓柱齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</p><p>　　低速級(jí)斜齒圓柱齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算見表6</p><p>　　七、齒輪上作用力的計(jì)算</p><p>　　齒輪上作用力的計(jì)算為后續(xù)軸的設(shè)計(jì)和校核、鍵

145、的選擇和驗(yàn)算及軸承的選擇和校核提供數(shù)據(jù)，其計(jì)算過程見表6</p><p>　　減速器轉(zhuǎn)配草圖的設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　合理布置圖面</b></p><p>　　該減速器的裝配圖一張A0或A1圖紙上，本文選擇A0圖紙繪制裝配圖。根據(jù)圖紙幅面大小與減速器兩級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的中心距，繪圖比例定位1：1，采用三視圖表達(dá)裝配的結(jié)構(gòu)。</p>

146、;<p><b>　　繪出齒輪的輪廓尺寸</b></p><p>　　在俯視圖上繪出兩級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的輪廓尺寸</p><p><b>　　箱體內(nèi)壁</b></p><p>　　在齒輪齒廓的基礎(chǔ)上繪出箱體的內(nèi)壁、軸承端面、軸承座端面線</p><p><b>　　軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算&l

147、t;/b></p><p>　　軸的設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算、軸上齒輪輪轂孔內(nèi)徑及寬度、滾動(dòng)軸承的選擇和校核、鍵的選擇和驗(yàn)算與軸聯(lián)接的半聯(lián)軸器的選擇同步進(jìn)行。</p><p><b>　　高速軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算</b></p><p>　　高速軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算見表7。</p><p><b>　　中間軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算</

148、b></p><p>　　中間軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算見表8</p><p>　　三、低速軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</p><p>　　低速軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算見表9</p><p>　　十、減速器箱體的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸</p><p>　　圓柱齒輪減速器箱體的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸列于表10。</p><p><b>　　潤

149、滑油的選擇與計(jì)算</b></p><p>　　軸承選擇ZN-3鈉基潤滑脂潤滑。齒輪選擇全損耗系統(tǒng)用油L-AN68潤滑油潤滑，潤滑油深度為0.78dm，箱體底面尺寸為6.44dm*2.06dm，箱體內(nèi)所裝潤滑油量為</p><p>　　V=6.44*2.06*0.78dm3=10.35dm3</p><p>　　該減速器所傳遞的功率P0=4.89kw。對(duì)于

150、二級(jí)減速器，每傳遞1kw的功率，需油量為V0=0.7～1.4dm3，該減速器所需油量為</p><p>　　V1=P0V0=4.89*（0.7～1.4)dm3=3.42～6.85dm3</p><p>　　V1中的取值范圍，可以滿足V的取值，潤滑油量滿足要求。</p><p>　　軸承采用油潤滑，齒輪飛濺到上箱壁的潤滑油進(jìn)入箱體分界面的導(dǎo)油溝，導(dǎo)入到軸承座中對(duì)軸承完

151、成潤滑。</p><p>　　十二、裝配圖和零件圖</p><p><b>　　一、附件設(shè)計(jì)與選擇</b></p><p><b>　　檢查孔集檢查孔蓋</b></p><p>　　檢查孔尺寸為200mm*146mm，位置在中間軸的上方；檢查孔蓋尺寸為270*182mm。</p>&l

152、t;p><b>　　油面指示裝置</b></p><p>　　選用油標(biāo)尺M(jìn)16，由表8-40可查相關(guān)尺寸。</p><p><b>　　通氣器</b></p><p>　　選用提手式通氣器，由圖8-21可查相關(guān)尺寸。</p><p><b>　　放油孔及螺塞</b><

153、;/p><p>　　設(shè)置一個(gè)放油孔。螺塞選用六角螺塞，螺塞墊，由表8-41和8-42可查相關(guān)尺寸。.</p><p><b>　　起吊裝置</b></p><p>　　上箱蓋采用吊環(huán)，箱座上采用吊鉤，由表8-43可查相關(guān)尺寸。</p><p><b>　　起箱螺釘</b></p><

154、p>　　起箱螺釘查表8-29，選取螺釘。</p><p><b>　　定位銷</b></p><p>　　定位銷查表8-44，取銷 </p><p><b>　　繪制裝配圖和零件圖</b></p><p>　　選擇與計(jì)算其他附件后，所完成的裝配圖如圖1所示。減速器輸出軸及輸出軸上的齒輪零件

155、圖如圖2和圖3所示。</p><p><b>　　致謝</b></p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p>　　趙波主編等 . 液壓與氣動(dòng)技術(shù) .北京：機(jī)</p><p>　　梁景凱主編 . 機(jī)電一體化技術(shù)與系統(tǒng) .哈爾濱：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2009</p>&l

156、t;p>　　周文玲主編 .互換性與測(cè)量技術(shù).北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2008</p><p>　　黃鶴汀主編 機(jī)械制造技術(shù) .北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2004</p><p>　　祁紅志主編 .機(jī)械制造基礎(chǔ) .北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2007</p><p>　　顧淑群主編 .機(jī)械基礎(chǔ) .北京：人民郵電出版社，2005</p><p>　　

157、張永茂主編等 .AutoCAD二維繪圖多媒體教程 .北京:航空工業(yè)出版社,2005</p><p>　　范欽珊主編 . 應(yīng)用力學(xué) .北京：中央廣播電視大學(xué)出版社，1999</p><p>　　李彩霞主編 . 機(jī)械精度射擊與檢測(cè)技術(shù) . 上海：上海交通大學(xué)出版社，2004</p><p>　　吳宗澤主編 .機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)用手冊(cè). 北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2003</